Flavobacterium columnare

Flavobacterium columnare
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Bacteroidetes
Class:	Flavobacteria
Order:	Flavobacteriales
Family:	Flavobacteriaceae
Genus:	Flavobacterium
Species:	F. columnare
Binomial name
Flavobacterium columnare

Flavobacterium columnare is a thin Gram-negative rod bacterium of the genus Flavobacterium. The name derives from the way in which the organism grows in rhizoid columnar formations.^{[citation needed]}

The species was first described by Davis (1922), and the name was validated by Bernardet and Grimont (1989).^[1]

F. columnare can be identified in the laboratory by a five-step method that demonstrates:

1. the ability to grow on a medium containing neomycin and polymyxin B;
2. production of yellow pigmented rhizoid (root-like in appearance) colonies;
3. production of a gelatin-degrading enzyme;
4. binding of Congo red dye to the colony; and
5. production of a chondroitin sulfate-degrading enzyme.^[2]

The species has been known previously as Flexibacter columnaris, Bacillus columnaris, and Cytophaga columnaris.

F. columnare is one of the oldest known diseases among warm water fish, and manifests itself as an infection commonly known as Columnaris. Infections are the second leading cause of mortality in pond raised catfish in the southeastern United States.^[2]

See also

• Columnaris

References

1. ^ Bertolini, J. M.; Rohovec, J.S. (1992). "Electrophoretic detection of proteases from different Flexibacter columnaris strains and assessment of their variability". Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 12: 121–128. doi:10.3354/dao012121. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Durborrow, R. M., Thune, R. L., Hawke, J. P., and Camus, A. C. (1988), 'Columnaris Disease - A Bacterial Infection Caused by Flavobacterium columnare', SRAC Publication, No. 479.