Ciliospinal center

Ciliospinal center: Ciliospinal center

Sympathetic connections of the ciliary and superior cervical ganglia. (Ciliospinal center not labeled, but region is visible below superior cervical ganglion.)

The ciliospinal center (in Latin: centrum ciliospinale) is a structure which receives input from the pretectum, and has output to the superior cervical ganglion.

It is located in the intermediolateral cell columns of the spinal cord between C8 and T2.

It plays a role in the control of the iris dilator muscle. It is also known as "Budge's center", or "centre".^[1]

It is associated with a reflex identified by Augustus Volney Waller^[2] and Julius Ludwig Budge in 1852.^[3]

References

^ "ciliospinal centre from Online Medical Dictionary". http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?ciliospinal+centre. Retrieved 2007-06-05.

^ Jay, Venita (2002). "A portrait in history: Augustus Volney Waller Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine - Find Articles". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3725/is_200209/ai_n9114422. Retrieved 2007-06-05.

^ Ikeda H, Aruga T, Hayashi M, Miyake Y, Sugimoto K, Mastumoto K (1999). "Two cases in which the presence of ciliospinal response led to indecisiveness in the evaluation of brain death" (in Japanese). No To Shinkei 51 (2): 161–6. PMID 10198906.

Pupillary reflex

Pupillary dilation

1° (Posterior hypothalamus → Ciliospinal center) → 2° (Superior cervical ganglion) → 3° (Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Nasociliary nerve → Long ciliary nerves → Iris dilator muscle)

Pupillary light reflex
(constriction)

1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Pretectal nucleus) → 2° (Edinger-Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Oculomotor nerve → Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Ciliary ganglion) → (4° Short ciliary nerves → Iris sphincter muscle)

Accommodation
vergence

1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Visual cortex → Brodmann area 19 → Pretectal area) → 2° (Edinger-Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Short ciliary nerves → Ciliary ganglion → Ciliary muscle)

Circadian rhythm
Retina → Hypothalamus (Suprachiasmatic nucleus)

M: EYE

anat(g/a/p)/phys/devp/prot

noco/cong/tumr, epon

proc, drug(S1A/1E/1F/1L)

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Anatomy stubs
Brain

Ciliospinal center

Sympathetic connections of the ciliary and superior cervical ganglia. (Ciliospinal center not labeled, but region is visible below superior cervical ganglion.)

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ciliospinal center — a center in the lower cervical and upper thoracic portions of the spinal cord, connected with the dilatation of the pupil … Medical dictionary
center — 1. The middle point of a body; loosely, the interior of a body. A c. of any kind, especially an anatomical c.. 2. A group of nerve cells governing a specific function. SYN: centrum [TA]. [L. centrum; G. kentron] active c … Medical dictionary
ciliospinal — Relating to the ciliary body and the spinal cord; denoting in particular the c. center. * * * cil·io·spi·nal (sil″e o spiґnəl) [cilio + spinal] pertaining to the ciliary body and the spinal cord; see under center and reflex … Medical dictionary
Budge center — Bud·ge center (boodґgē) [Julius Ludwig Budge, German physiologist, 1811â€“1888] 1. the ciliospinal center. 2. the genital center … Medical dictionary
Retina — For the Retina display in the iPhone 4, see iPhone 4#Display. Retina Right human eye cross sectional view. Courtesy NIH National Eye Institute. Many animals hav … Wikipedia
Visual system — The visual system includes the eyes, the connecting pathways through to the visual cortex and other parts of the brain. The illustration shows the mammalian system. The visual system is the part of the central nervous system which enables… … Wikipedia
Vestibulo-ocular reflex — The vestibulo ocular reflex. A rotation of the head is detected, which triggers an inhibitory signal to the extraocular muscles on one side and an excitatory signal to the muscles on the other side. The result is a compensatory movement of the… … Wikipedia
Medial longitudinal fasciculus — Brain: Medial longitudinal fasciculus Transverse section of mid brain at level of inferior colliculi. (Medial longitudinal fasciculus labeled at center right.) … Wikipedia
Lateral geniculate nucleus — Brain: Lateral geniculate nucleus Hind and mid brains; postero lateral view. (Lateral geniculate body visible near top.) Latin Corpus geniculatum laterale Part of Thalamus System … Wikipedia
Visual cortex — Brain: Visual cortex View of the brain from behind. Red = Brodmann area 17 (primary visual cortex); orange = area 18; yellow = area 19 … Wikipedia

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Ciliospinal center

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Pupillary dilation	1° (Posterior hypothalamus → Ciliospinal center) → 2° (Superior cervical ganglion) → 3° (Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Nasociliary nerve → Long ciliary nerves → Iris dilator muscle)

Pupillary light reflex (constriction)	1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Pretectal nucleus) → 2° (Edinger-Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Oculomotor nerve → Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Ciliary ganglion) → (4° Short ciliary nerves → Iris sphincter muscle)

Accommodation vergence	1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Visual cortex → Brodmann area 19 → Pretectal area) → 2° (Edinger-Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Short ciliary nerves → Ciliary ganglion → Ciliary muscle)

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Ciliospinal center

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