Eugene Garfield

Eugene "Gene" Garfield (born September 16 1925 in New York City) is an American scientist, one of the founders of bibliometrics and scientometrics. He received a PhD in Structural Linguistics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1961. Dr. Garfield was the founder of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), which was located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ISI now forms a major part of the science division of Thomson-Reuters company. Garfield is responsible for many inovative bibliographic products, including "Current Contents", the "Science Citation Index", and other citation indexes, the "Journal Citation Reports", and "Index Chemicus". He is the founding editor and publisher of "The Scientist", a news magazine for life scientists. In 2007, he launched HistCite [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histcite] , a bibliometric analysis and visualization software package.

Following ideas inspired by Vannevar Bush's famous 1945 article As We May Think, Garfield undertook the development of a comprehensive citation index showing the propagation of scientific thinking, he started the Institute for Scientific Information in 1955. The creation of the Science Citation Index (SCI) made it possible to calculate impact factorscite journal |author=Garfield E |title=The history and meaning of the journal impact factor |journal=JAMA |volume=295 |issue=1 |pages=90–3 |year=2006 |pmid=16391221 |doi=10.1001/jama.295.1.90] , which measure the importance of scientific journals. It led to the unexpected discovery that a few journals like "Nature" and "Science" were core for all of hard science. The same pattern does not happen with the humanities or the social sciences.

References

ee also

* Bradford's law
* Derek J. de Solla Price
* impact factor

External links

* [http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/ Eugene Garfield's home page]
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