Algerian legislative election, 2002

The 2002 Algerian Legislative election was held in Algeria on 30 May 2002 to elect members of the People's National Assembly. The governing National Liberation Front (FLN) won a majority of seats in the election. The election suffered from a low turnout, violence and boycotts by some opposition parties.

Candidates

The election saw 10,052 candidates standing in the election from 23 political parties. Of the candidates, 694 were female and 1,266 were independents.cite web| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/monitoring/media_reports/2013000.stm | title = Guide to Algeria elections | accessdate = 2008-08-01 | date = 2002-05-28 | publisher = "BBC Online"]

Campaign

President Abdelaziz Bouteflika announced the date of the election on 20 February and the official campaign began on 9 May.cite web| url = http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/DZ/Algeria%20-%20A400686_24062002.pdf/view | title = Algeria - Diminishing Returns: Algeria’s 2002 Legislative Elections(ICG Report) | accessdate = 2008-08-01 | date = 2002-05-28 | publisher = "ACE Electoral Knowledge Network"] The President vowed that they would be free elections and warned people against undermining them.cite web| url = http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,54028,00.html | title = Algeria Holds Elections, and Few Care | accessdate = 2008-08-02 | date = 2002-05-30 | publisher = "Fox News Channel"] However five opposition parties boycotted the election, the Socialist Forces Front (FFS), Rally for Culture and Democracy (RCD), Republican National Alliance (ANR), Movement of Democrats and Socialists (MDS) and the Socialist Workers' Party (PST). They claimed that previous elections in 1997 and 1999 were fraudulent and that this election would be no different.cite web| url = http://archives.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/africa/05/31/algeria.elections/index.html | title = Ruling party wins Algeria election | accessdate = 2008-08-01 | date = 2002-05-31 | publisher = "CNN"]

A survey carried out by Al-Watan newspaper showed that 70% would vote for one of the 3 parties in the ruling coalition, the FLN, National Rally for Democracy and the Movement of Society for Peace.cite web| url = http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2002/588/re8.htm | title = Berbers boycott polls | accessdate = 2008-08-02 | date = 2002-05-30 | publisher = "Al-Ahram"] The FLN of Prime Minister Ali Benflis campaigned on a platform of unifying the different social groups of Algeria such as by regional development in the south. The RND, which had won the most seats at the last election in 1997, campaigned for economic liberalisation but was undermined by the lack of a base of support or a social ideology. The leader of the RND, Ahmed Ouyahia, warned of the dangers of an islamist victory but his concerns were dismissed by the interior minister. The opposition Workers' Party led by Louisa Hanoune campaigned against outside interference in Algeria and against privitisation.

The campaign saw widespread apathy with many people seeing the parliament as toothless and the military as remaining the main power.cite web| url = http://www.sptimes.ru/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=7302 | title = Ruling NLF Makes Gains in Algerian Poll | accessdate = 2008-08-01 | date = 2002-06-04 | publisher = "The St. Petersburg Times"] The FLN attempted to raise interest in the election by doing things such as creating a rap song for younger people. However the poll by El Watan showed that over a third planned not to vote and in areas such as Bab el-Oued election billboards were mostly empty.cite web| url = http://allafrica.com/stories/200205300727.html | title = Algeria: Boycott, Violence Roil Algerian Elections | accessdate = 2008-08-02 | date = 2002-05-30 | publisher = "AllAfrica.com"] High unemployment, water and housing shortages were also seen as contributing to the apathy in the election.

Election day

On the day before the election 23 people were killed in Sendjas by the Armed Islamic Group (GIA) in continued violence from the Algerian Civil War.cite web| url = http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/may/31/gilestremlett | title = Death and dissent as Algeria goes to polls | accessdate = 2008-08-02 | date = 2002-05-31 | publisher = "guardian.co.uk"] On polling day itself security forces were out in force in Algiers with many roadblocks to prevent terroist attacks.

In the north eastern Kabylie region a general strike was organised and running battles took place in the regional capital Tizi Ouzou to try and prevent the election from taking place in the region. Throughout much of the area polling stations were deserted and many did not open at all.cite web| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2015751.stm | title = Protesters boycott Algerian polls | accessdate = 2008-08-02 | date = 2002-05-30 | publisher = "BBC Online"]

Results

The results saw the National Liberation Front win a clear majority of seats. The party won over triple the seats it won at the last election, going from 64 to 199 seats. The RND dropped from 156 seats to 47 in a disastrous result for the party.cite web| url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/algeria-90s.htm | title = Algerian Insurgency | accessdate = 2008-08-02 | publisher = "GlobalSecurity.org"] The moderate islamist parties suffered a small overall decline in support, with the MSP losing half it's seats but the Movement for National Reform made gains and won 43 seats.

Turnout in the election was the lowest yet since independence in 1962. Only 47% of the registered voters turned out to vote, compared to 63% in the 1997 election. 25 women were elected, 18 from the FLN, and after the election the number of women ministers was increased from one to five.

References