Glomerales

Glomerales

Taxobox
name = Glomeromycota
regnum = Fungi
phylum = Glomeromycota
classis = Glomeromycetes
ordo = Glomerales
ordo_authority = Morton & Benny, 1990 [cite journal | author = J.B. Morton | year=1990 | title=Revised classification of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ("Zycomycetes"): a new order, "Glomales", two new families, "Acaulosporaceae" and "Gigasporaceae", with an emendation of "Glomaceae" | journal=Mycotaxon | volume=37 | pages=473]
subdivision_ranks = Families
subdivision =

"Glomerales" is an order of symbiotic fungi within the phylum Glomeromycota.

Biology

These Fungi are all biotrophic mutualists. Most employ the arbuscular mycorrhizal method of nutrient exchange with plants. They produce large (.1-.5mm) spores (azygospores and chlamydospores) with thousands of nuclei.cite book
author=C.J. Alexopolous, C.W. Mims & M. Blackwell
title=Introductory Mycology
year=2004
edition=4th ed.
location=Hoboken NJ
publisher=John Wiley and Sons
isbn=0-471-52229-5
]

Phylogeny

All members of their phylum were once thought to be related to the Endogonaceae, but have been found through molecular sequencing data, to be a closer to the Dikarya.cite journal | author = A. Schüßler, "et al." |month=Dec| year=2001 | title=A new fungal phlyum, the "Glomeromycota": phylogeny and evolution. | journal=Mycol. Res. | volume=105 | issue=12 | pages=1413–1421 | url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=95091 | doi=10.1017/S0953756201005196] Their fossil record extends back to the Ordovician period (460 million years ago).

Orthography

The family name Glomeraceae upon which this order level name is based, was incorrectly spelled 'Glomaceae', hence the order name was incorrectly spelled 'Glomales'. Both are correctable errors, to Glomeraceae and Glomerales, as governed by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. The incorrect spellings are commonplace in the literature, unfortunately.

References


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