1929 Grand Banks earthquake

1929 Grand Banks earthquake

Earthquake
title = 1929 Grand Banks earthquake
caption =
date = November 18, 1929


magnitude = 7.2 Mw
depth = Unit km|20|0
location = coord|44.69|N|56.00|W
countries affected = Canada
tsunami =
aftershocks =
casualties = 28 killed

The 1929 Grand Banks earthquake, also called the Laurentian Slope earthquake and the South Shore Disaster, was a magnitude 7.2 earthquake that occurred on November 18, 1929 in the Atlantic Ocean off the south coast of Newfoundland.

The earthquake was centered on the edge of the Grand Banks, about convert|400|km|mi|abbr=off south of the island. It was felt as far away as New York and Montreal. The quake, along two faults convert|250|km|mi|abbr=off south of the Burin Peninsula, triggered a large submarine landslide (convert|200|km3|cumi|abbr=on|disp=/). It snapped 12 submarine transatlantic telegraph cables and led to a tsunami that arrived in three waves, each up to fifteen metres high, that struck the coast at convert|105|km/h|mph|abbr=on about three hours after the earthquake occurred. The waves travelled at speeds up to convert|129|km/h|mph|abbr=on at the epicentre; they were recorded as far away as Portugal.

The tsunami destroyed many south coastal communities on the Burin Peninsula, killing 28 people and leaving 10,000 more homeless. All means of communication were cut off by the destruction, and relief efforts were further hampered by a blizzard that struck the day after. It took more than three days before the "SS Meigle" responded to an SOS signal with doctors, nurses, blankets, and food. Donations from across Newfoundland, Canada, the United States and United Kingdom totalled $250,000.

As of 2008, it is the only recorded tsunami to have struck Canada's east coast.

ee also

*List of earthquakes in Canada

References

*cite journal |last=Fine |first=I. V. |authorlink= |coauthors="et al." |year=2005 |month= |title=The Grand Banks landslide-generated tsunami of November 18, 1929: preliminary analysis and numerical modeling |journal=Marine Geology |volume=215 |issue=1–2 |pages=45–57 |doi=10.1016/j.margeo.2004.11.007 |url=http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/SCI/osap/projects/tsunami/documents/1929.pdf |accessdate= |quote=
* [http://www.collectionscanada.ca/sos/002028-1100-e.html?PHPSESSID=mqubhdap68k4igpbi63bd726j0 SOS! Canadian Disasters] , a virtual museum exhibition at Library and Archives Canada

External links

*"Tsunami: The Newfoundland Tidal Wave Disaster" - Maura Hanrahan (2004) ISBN 1894463633
* [http://earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/historic_eq/20th/1929/1929_e.php The Magnitude 7.2 1929 "Grand Banks" earthquake and tsunami] - Natural Resources Canada
* [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/asia_earthquake/nfld.html The South Shore disaster: Newfoundland's tsunami]
* [http://www.nald.ca/clr/ntla/ntla.pdf Not Too Long Ago (first hand accounts of the tsunami, pp. 51-60)]


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