War on Terrorism (historical)
- War on Terrorism (historical)
The phrase "War on Terrorism" was first widely used by the Western press to refer to the attempts by Russian and European governments, and eventually the U.S. government, to stop attacks by anarchists against international political leaders. (See, for example, "New York Times", April 2 1881.) Many of the anarchists described themselves as "terrorists," and the term had a positive valence for them at the time. When Russian Marxist Vera Zasulich shot and wounded a Russian police commander who was known to torture suspects on 24 January 1878, for example, she threw down her weapon without killing him, announcing, "I am a terrorist, not a killer." [cite web|url=http://www.anthropoetics.ucla.edu/ap0801/terror.htm#n16|title=The Four Waves of Rebel Terror and September 11|date=Summer 2004|publisher=Department of Political Science
University of California at Los Angeles|accessdate= 2006-08-09]
The next time the phrase gained currency was when it was used to describe the efforts by the British colonial government to end a spate of Jewish attacks in the British Mandate of Palestine in the late 1940s. The British proclaimed a "War on Terrorism" and attempted to crack down on Irgun, Lehi, and anyone perceived to be cooperating with them. The Jewish attacks, Arab attacks and revolts, and the subsequent British crackdown hastened the British evacuation from Palestine. The phrase was also used frequently by U.S. President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s. [cite news|title=War on Terrorism |publisher=Aljazeera.Com |date=2003-01-01 |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/me.asp?service_ID=10248] In fact, many leaders from all over the world utilize this term when dealing with perceived terrorist activity.
On September 20th, 2001, during an address to a joint session of congress and the American people, President George W. Bush announced the war on terror when he said, "Our war on terror begins with al Qaeda, but it does not end there. It will not end until every terrorist group of global reach has been found, stopped and defeated."
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