Peter Griess

Infobox_Scientist
name = Johann Peter Griess


caption =
birth_date = birth date|1829|9|6|mf=y
birth_place = Kirchhosbach near Waldkappel, Germany
residence = Germany, England
nationality = German
death_date = death date and age|1888|8|30|1829|9|6|mf=y
death_place = Bournemouth, England
field = Chemist
work_institution = University of Marburg
Royal College of Chemistry
alma_mater = University of Marburg
doctoral_advisor = Hermann Kolbe,
August Wilhelm von Hofmann
doctoral_students =
known_for = diazotization reaction
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Johann Peter Griess (1829–1888), industrial chemist [ODNB] and an early pioneer of organic chemistry.

Life

After a finished an agricultural private school he joined the Hessian cavalry, but left the military shortly after. He started his studies at the University of Jena in 1850, but changed to the University of Marburg in 1851. During his student life he was several times sentenced for Karzer and was also banned from the city for one year, in which he listened to lectures of Justus Liebig at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich. After most of the family possession were spent he had to start working at the chemical factory of Oehler in Offenbach am Main in 1856. This was only possible after the recommendation of Hermann Kolbe, who was head of the chemistry department in Marburg. The devastating fire of 1857 ended the production of chemicals at the factory and a changed Peter Griess rejoined Hermann Kolbe at the University of Marburg. His new enthusiasm for chemistry yielded the discovery of diazonium salts in 1858. The discovery of a new class of chemicals convinced August Wilhelm von Hofmann to offer Peter Griess to join him at his new position at Royal College of Chemistry. During his time at the Royal College he studied the reactions of nitrogen rich organic molecules. It took him quite long to accustom to his new home in England but the fact that he married in 1869 and founded a family made clear that he would not return to Germany, even though he was offered a position at the BASF.He left and started a position at the Samuel Allsopp & Sons brewery in 1862 where he worked until his retirement.His wife died after a long severe illness in 1886, he survived her for two years and died August 30. 1888. He is buried in Burton upon Trent.

Work

In 1858 he described the "Griess diazotization reaction" which would form the basis for the Griess test for detection of Nitrite. Most of his work related to brewing remained confidential, but his additional work on organic chemistry was published by him in several articles.

References

*cite journal
author = Griess P.
title = Bemerkungen zu der Abhandlung der HH. Weselky und Benedikt Ueber einege Azoverbindungen
journal = Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft
volume = 12
pages = 426–428
year = 1879
doi = 10.1002/cber.187901201117
*cite journal
author = August Bopp, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, Emil Fischer
title = Zur Erinnerung an Peter Griess
journal = Berichte der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft
volume = 24
issue = 3
pages = 1006–1078
year = 1891
doi = 10.1002/cber.18910240398
*cite journal
author = R. Wizinger-Aust
title = Peter Griess und seine Zeit
journal = Angewandte Chemie
volume = 70
issue = 8
pages = 199–204
year = 1958
doi = 10.1002/ange.1760700802