Frasier

This article is about the TV series. For other uses, see Frasier (disambiguation).

Frasier
Season 11 title screen
Format	Sitcom
Created by	David Angell Peter Casey David Lee
Starring	Kelsey Grammer Jane Leeves David Hyde Pierce Peri Gilpin John Mahoney Dan Butler Moose (uncredited) Enzo (uncredited)
Country of origin	United States
Language(s)	English
No. of seasons	11
No. of episodes	264 (List of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)	Peter Casey David Lee (both; entire run) David Angell (seasons 1–8) Christopher Lloyd (seasons 2–8 and 11) Kelsey Grammer (seasons 6–11) Joe Keenan (seasons 6–7 and 11) Dan O'Shannon (seasons 9–10) Mark Reisman (season 9) Rob Hanning (season 10) Sam Johnson and Chris Marcil Lori Kirkland Baker Jeffrey Richman (all; seasons 10–11)
Producer(s)	Maggie Blanc
Camera setup	Film; Multi-camera
Running time	24 minutes
Production company(s)	Grub Street Productions Grammnet Productions (seasons 10–11, uncredited) Paramount Network Television
Distributor	CBS Television Distribution
Broadcast
Original channel	NBC
Picture format	480i (SDTV; NTSC in US broadcasts, shown in PAL or NTSC in international syndication) 1080i (HDTV; seasons 10–11)
Audio format	Stereo
Original run	September 16, 1993 (1993-09-16) – May 13, 2004 (2004-05-13)
Chronology
Preceded by	Cheers
Related shows	The Tortellis

Frasier is an American sitcom that was broadcast on NBC for eleven seasons, from September 16, 1993, to May 13, 2004. The program was created and produced by David Angell, Peter Casey, and David Lee (as Grub Street Productions) in association with Grammnet (2004) and Paramount Network Television.

A spin-off of Cheers, Frasier stars Kelsey Grammer, David Hyde Pierce, John Mahoney, Jane Leeves and Peri Gilpin. It is one of the most successful spin-off series in television history as well as one of the most critically acclaimed comedy series of all time.

Situation

See also: List of Frasier episodes

Psychiatrist Dr. Frasier Crane (Grammer) returns to his hometown of Seattle, Washington, following the end of his marriage and his life in Boston (as seen in Cheers). His plans for a new life as a bachelor are complicated when he is obliged to take in his father, a retired detective from the Seattle Police Department, Martin (Mahoney), who is unable to live by himself after being shot in the line of duty. Frasier and Martin are joined by Daphne Moon (Leeves), Martin's English, live-in physical therapist and caretaker, and Martin's dog Eddie (Moose). Frasier's younger brother Niles (Pierce), a fellow psychiatrist, frequently visits their apartment. Niles' infatuation with, and eventual love for Daphne—feelings he does not confess to her openly until the final episode of the seventh season—form a complex story arc that spans the entire series.

Frasier hosts the popular The Dr. Frasier Crane Show on the talk radio station KACL.^[1] While his head producer Roz Doyle (Gilpin) is very different from Frasier in taste and temperament, over time they become close friends. Frasier and the others often visit the local coffee shop Café Nervosa, the scene of many of their comic adventures.

The sons, who possess fine tastes, intellectual interests, and high opinions of themselves, frequently clash with their blue-collar, down-to-earth father. Frasier and Niles' relationship is often also turbulent; while very close, their intense sibling rivalry frequently results in chaos. Other recurring themes include the breakdown of Niles' marriage to the never-seen Maris, Frasier's search for love in his own life, and the various attempts of the two brothers to gain acceptance into Seattle's cultural elite.

Cast

The main cast of Frasier in 1993 (from left to right): David Hyde Pierce, Peri Gilpin, Kelsey Grammer, Jane Leeves, John Mahoney, and Moose

See also: Minor characters on Frasier

Much like its predecessor Cheers, Frasier used an ensemble cast with storylines involving the same group of characters.^[2]

Character	Actor	Notes
Frasier Crane	Kelsey Grammer	A radio psychiatrist.
Niles Crane	David Hyde Pierce	Frasier's younger brother, also a psychiatrist, who works in private practice.
Martin Crane	John Mahoney	Frasier's and Niles's father, a police officer who was forced to retire because of a gunshot wound to his hip that led to his living with Frasier.
Daphne Moon	Jane Leeves	An English physiotherapist hired by Frasier to help take care of Martin.
Roz Doyle	Peri Gilpin	The producer of Frasier's radio show, who becomes a close family friend.
Eddie	Moose (uncredited)	Martin's Jack Russell Terrier

The lead actors were with the show for all of its 11 years.^[3] Grammer was briefly the highest paid television actor in the United States for his portrayal of Frasier, while Jane Leeves was the highest paid British actress.^[4][5] Following his many appearances in Cheers, Grammer tied the record for the longest running character in prime time, equalling James Arness' twenty years as Marshal Dillon on Gunsmoke,^[4] but this was beaten by the principal cast of The Simpsons, although Grammer and Arness still hold the record in live action.

In addition to the ensemble, a number of additional characters were introduced to advance the storyline. These included characters from Frasier's former incarnation on Cheers, such as his ex-wife Lilith Sternin, played by Bebe Neuwirth. Some other characters, such as Bob 'Bulldog' Briscoe, played by Dan Butler, the host of a radio sports show that aired following Frasier's show, made regular appearances. He was billed with the main cast for three seasons (seasons 4-6) before that he was a recurring character. After season 6 he was placed back on recurring guest status.

Three of the main cast members reunited in an episode of The Simpsons. Grammer reprised his role for the tenth time as Sideshow Bob, Pierce reprised his role for the second time as Sideshow Bob's brother, Cecil Terwilliger, and Mahoney appeared as Cecil and Bob's father, Dr. Robert Terwilliger, in the episode "Funeral For A Fiend".

Cast member reunions have also occurred on three episodes of Hot in Cleveland, which currently features Leeves and Wendie Malick (who played Martin's girlfriend, then wife) among the show's principal cast. In the Season 2 episode "Unseparated at Birth", Mahoney guest stars as a waiter, Gilpin appears in the episode "I Love Lucci (Part 1)", and Tom McGowan (who played one of the radio station managers) appears in "Love Thy Neighbor" as a casting director. Hot in Cleveland is also produced by Suzanne Martin, who wrote multiple episodes of Frasier.

Production

See also: List of Frasier writers

Creation

As Cheers approached its last season in 1993, Grammer approached Angell, Casey, and Lee. The actor had enjoyed his appearance on an episode of the three men's Wings, and hoped that they could create a new show for him. Grammer did not want to continue playing Frasier Crane, and Angell, Casey, and Lee did not want the new show to be compared to Cheers, which they had worked on before Wings. The three proposed that the actor play a wealthy, Malcolm Forbes-like paraplegic publisher with a "street smart" Hispanic live-in nurse. While Grammer liked the concept, Paramount Television disliked it because it was unrelated to the enormously popular Cheers. Although Grammer agreed to star in a Cheers spin-off, the producers set the new show as far from Boston as possible to prevent NBC from demanding that other characters from the old show make guest appearances on the new show during its first season. After first choosing Denver, Angell, Casey, and Lee ultimately chose Seattle as the setting.^[6]

The creators did not want Frasier in private practice so the show would not resemble The Bob Newhart Show, and conceived the idea of the psychiatrist working in a radio station surrounded by "wacky, yet loveable" characters. After finding that such a setting resembled WKRP in Cincinnati, Lee's experiences with caring for an aging parent very different from the son caused the creators to emphasize Frasier's home life and family history, which Cheers had rarely explored,^[6] and "the relationship between an aging father and the grown-up son he never understood."^[7]

Casting

Originally there was to be no brother because Frasier told his bar friends at Cheers he was an only child.^[7] After a casting director noticed Pierce's resemblance to Grammer, the creators were "blown away"^[6] by his acting ability and created a role for him.^[8] Martin Crane is based on creator Casey's father, who spent 34 years with the San Francisco Police Department; Grammer, who lost his father as a child, and the childless Mahoney immediately built a close father-son relationship.^[7] NBC suggested Martin's nurse be English instead of Hispanic as it favored Leeves for the role. Grammer was initially reluctant as he thought the casting made the show resemble Nanny and the Professor, but approved Leeves after a read-through with her. The only main role that required auditions was Roz Doyle,^[6] named in memory of a producer of Wings.^[9] She was originally to be played by Lisa Kudrow, but during rehearsals, it became apparent that she did not fit the role. The creators quickly hired Gilpin, their second choice.^[10][11]

Filming

As Pierce's role as Niles became a breakout character, focus shifted to the brothers' relationship. The cast had an unusual amount of freedom to suggest changes to the script. Grammer used an acting method he called "requisite disrespect" and did not rehearse with the others, instead learning and rehearsing his lines once just before filming each scene in front of a live studio audience. Although effective, the system often caused panic among guest stars. In 1996 Grammer's recurrent alcoholism led to a car accident; the cast and crew performed an intervention that persuaded him to enter the Betty Ford Clinic, delaying production for a month.^[7]

Only one episode, "The 1000th Show", was filmed in Seattle.^[12] As with Cheers, the remainder was filmed on Stage 25 (34°5′8.38″N 118°19′18.14″W / 34.0856611°N 118.3217056°W / 34.0856611; -118.3217056 (Stage 25 of Paramount Studios)), Paramount Studios,^[7] and at various locations in and around Los Angeles.

The radio station callers' lines were spoken by anonymous voice-over actors while filming the show in front of a live audience. This gave the cast something to which they could react. During post-production, the lines were replaced by celebrities, who literally phoned in their parts without having to come into the studio. The end credits of season finales showed headshots of all the celebrities who had "called in" that season.

The closing credits for each episode features the song "Tossed Salads and Scrambled Eggs", sung by Grammer, and a short silent skit. Season finales were the exception, usually showing black-and-white photos of guest callers.

Skyline

No building or apartment in Seattle really has the view from Frasier's residence. It was created so the Space Needle would appear more prominently. According to the Season 1 DVD bonus features, the photograph used on the set was taken from atop a cliff, possibly the ledge at Kerry Park, a frequent photography location. Despite this, Frasier has been said to have contributed to the emergence of an upscale urban lifestyle in 1990s Seattle, with buyers seeking properties in locations resembling that depicted in the show, in search of "that cosmopolitan feel of Frasier".^[3]

The title card of each episode shows the Seattle skyline being drawn in white over the show's title against a black backdrop, frequently with an added element such as a helicopter lifting off or a cloud moving in to rain on the buildings. The color of the title changed at the beginning of each season.

Relationship to Cheers

Many regular cast members seen on Cheers made appearances on Frasier, with the exceptions of Nicholas Colasanto (Ernie "Coach" Pantuso, 1982–1985), who died in 1985 prior to the advent of Frasier, and Kirstie Alley (Rebecca Howe, 1987–1993). Bebe Neuwirth (Lilith Sternin, 1986–1993) was the lone character of Cheers, other than Grammer, to become a recurring character on Frasier. Kelsey Grammer has said that Frasier allowed him the opportunity to settle an old disagreement with Shelley Long, who had played Diane Chambers on the first five seasons of Cheers. Long did not like the Frasier character in Cheers and lobbied to get Grammer removed from the show. The producers disagreed, noting his popularity with the audience. Grammer has said "The Show Where Diane Comes Back" is one of his favorite episodes^{[citation needed]}; it had the effect of allowing the two actors to make peace. Long also played Diane Chambers in two other Frasier episodes, the first a brief surprise cameo in a 1994 episode and once again in the 2001 season premiere.

Some cast members of Frasier had appeared previously in minor roles on Cheers. In the episode "Do Not Forsake Me, O' My Postman" (1992), John Mahoney played Sy Flembeck,^[13] an over-the-hill advertising executive hired by Rebecca to write a jingle for the bar. In it, Grammer and Mahoney exchanged a few lines. Peri Gilpin appeared in a Cheers episode titled "Woody Gets an Election"^[14] playing a reporter who interviews Woody when he runs for office.

In some cases Cheers directly contradicts Frasier or vice versa. Frasier's mother is remembered in Frasier as a sensitive, kind woman and a wonderful mother, yet she appears in a Cheers episode (played by Nancy Marchand) as a haughty, overbearing woman who threatens Diane Chambers at gunpoint to end her relationship with Frasier. Mrs. Crane was portrayed in a 2001 episode of Frasier (on Martin's old cine movies) by Rita Wilson, who reprised the role during Frasier's imaginary experiences with the important women in his life. In this case she was once again portrayed as threatening toward Diane (and Lilith), citing as her reasons her concern for Frasier's happiness.

In the eighth-season Cheers episode "Two Girls for Every Boyd", Frasier tells Sam Malone (played by Ted Danson) that his father, a research scientist, had died. In the Frasier Season 2 episode "The Show Where Sam Shows Up", when Sam meets Martin, Martin brings up the discrepancies. Frasier explains it away by saying that at the time, he was angry after a recent argument with his father on the phone. In "The Show Where Woody Shows Up", Woody Boyd upon meeting Martin says he remembers hearing about him – probably from Sam talking about his experiences in Seattle when he returned to Boston.

In the ninth-season episode, "Cheerful Goodbyes" in 2002, Frasier returns to Boston to give a speech and Niles, Daphne and Martin come along to see the city. Frasier runs into Cliff Clavin (played by John Ratzenberger) at the airport and learns that Cliff is retiring and moving to Florida. Frasier and company attend Cliff's retirement party where Frasier reunites with the rest of the gang from Cheers (sans Sam, Woody and Rebecca), including bar regular Norm Peterson (played by George Wendt); waitress Carla Tortelli (played by Rhea Perlman); barflies Paul Krapence (played by Paul Willson) and Phil (played by Philip Perlman); and Cliff's old post office nemesis Walt Twitchell (played by Raye Birk).

In the eleventh-season episode of Frasier, "Caught in the Act", Frasier's married ex-wife, children's entertainer Nanny G, comes to town and invites him backstage for a rendezvous. Nanny G appeared on the Cheers episode "One Hugs, The Other Doesn't" (1992) and was portrayed by Emma Thompson. In this episode of Frasier she is portrayed by Laurie Metcalf. She also appeared in the second episode of Season 9 of Frasier, "Don Juan in Hell: Part 2" and was played by Dina Waters.

The set of Frasier itself was built over the set of Cheers on the same stage after it had finished filming. The producers for Frasier made certain there were no stools in the coffee shop in order to distance it visually from the Cheers bar.^[15]

Reception

Critical reaction

Critics and commentators broadly held Frasier in high regard, with acclaim fading in the later seasons.^[16] Caroline Frost said that the series overall showed a high level of wit, but in common with other commentators such as Ken Tucker and Robert Bianco felt that the marriage of Daphne and Niles in season ten removed a lot of the comic tension.^[17] Tucker specifically felt that their marriage made the series seem desperate for storylines, while Bianco felt that it was symptomatic of a show that had begun to dip in quality after so much time on the air.^[18][19] Kelsey Grammer acknowledged the creative lull, saying that over the course of two later seasons the show "took itself too seriously".^[20] Commentators do, however, acknowledge that there was an improvement following the return of the writers Christopher Lloyd and Joe Keenan, although not necessarily to its earlier high standards.^[18][20][21]

Writing about the first season, John O'Connor described Frasier as being a relatively unoriginal concept, but said that it was generally a "splendid act", while Tucker thought that the second season benefited greatly from a mix of "high and low humor".^[22][23] Tucker's comment is referring to what Grammer described as a rule of the series that the show should not play down to its audience.^[24] Kevin Cherry believes that Frasier was able to stay fresh by not making any contemporary commentary, therefore allowing the show to be politically and socially neutral.^[21] Other commentators, such as Haydn Bush disagree, believing the success of Frasier can be attributed to the comedic timing and the chemistry between the characters.^[25]

In spite of the criticisms of the later seasons, these critics were unanimous in praising at least the early seasons, with varied commentary on the series' demise ranging from believing, like Bianco, that the show had run its course to those like Dana Stevens who bemoaned the end of Frasier as the "end of situation comedy for adults".^[26]

Awards

Main article: List of Frasier awards and nominations

Frasier is one of the most successful spin-off series in television history and one of the most critically acclaimed comedy series of all time.^[27] The series won 37 prime-time Emmys during its 11-year run, breaking the record long held by The Mary Tyler Moore Show (29). Grammer and Pierce each won four, including one each for the final season. The series holds the record for the most consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Comedy Series, winning five from 1994 to 1998.

Grammer has been Emmy-nominated for playing Frasier Crane on Cheers and Frasier, as well as a 1992 crossover appearance on Wings, making him the only performer to be nominated for playing the same role on three different series. The first year Grammer did not receive an Emmy nomination for Frasier was in 2003. Pierce was nominated every year of the show's run, breaking the record for nominations in his category with his eighth nomination in 2001; he was nominated a further three times after this.

In 1997, the episode "The Matchmaker" was ranked #43 on TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time.^[28]

In 2002, Frasier was ranked No. 34 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time.^[29]

A poll taken by the British Channel 4 of the sitcom industry voted Frasier the best sitcom of all time.^[30]

Nielsen ratings

The ratings for the show should be read in the context of their broadcasting times on NBC, listed here:

All times listed are North American Eastern Standard Time.

Season	TV Season	Time Slot	Rank	Viewers (in millions)
1	1993–1994	Thursdays at 9:30 pm	# 7[31]	15.82[31]
2	1994–1995	Tuesdays at 9:00 pm	# 15[32]	13.83[32]
3	1995–1996		# 11[33]	13.04[33]
4	1996–1997		# 16[34]	11.44[34]
5	1997–1998		# 10[35]	11.76[35]
6	1998–1999	Thursdays at 9:00 pm	# 3[36]	15.5[36]
7	1999–2000		# 6[37]	20.06[37]
8	2000–2001	Tuesdays at 9:00 pm	# 17[38]	15.8[38]
9	2001–2002		# 16[39]	15.0[39]
10	2002–2003		# 26[40]	12.48[40]
11	2003–2004		# 35[41]	10.92[41]

Merchandising

Home media

Paramount Home Entertainment and CBS DVD have released all 11 seasons of Frasier on DVD in Region 1, 2 and 4. A 44-disc package containing the entire 11 seasons has also been released.

DVD Name	Ep #	Release dates
		Region 1	Region 2	Region 4
The Complete 1st Season	24	May 20, 2003	November 24, 2003	January 13, 2004
The Complete 2nd Season	24	January 6, 2004	June 7, 2004	June 3, 2004
The Complete 3rd Season	24	May 25, 2004	September 6, 2004	September 10, 2004
The Complete 4th Season	24	February 1, 2005	July 18, 2005	July 20, 2005
The Complete 5th Season	24	June 7, 2005	November 27, 2006	January 11, 2007
The Complete 6th Season	24	September 13, 2005	May 14, 2007	May 3, 2007
The Complete 7th Season	24	November 15, 2005	July 9, 2007	July 12, 2007
The Complete 8th Season	24	June 13, 2006	February 4, 2008	February 14, 2008
The Complete 9th Season	24	May 15, 2007	April 28, 2008	July 31, 2008
The Complete 10th Season	24	December 11, 2007	July 28, 2008	November 6, 2008
The Complete 11th & Final Season	24	November 16, 2004	September 15, 2008	January 15, 2009
The Complete Series	264	December 11, 2007	October 6, 2008	July 30, 2009

The first four seasons were also released on VHS along with a series of 'Best Of' tapes. These tapes consisted of four episodes taken from seasons 1-4. No more video releases have been announced.

Video Name	Release date
The Best Of Frasier 1 - From Boston To Seattle	TBC 1999
The Best Of Frasier 2 - Crane Vs. Crane	TBC 1999
The Best Of Frasier 3 - Serial Dater	TBC 1999
The Best Of Frasier 4 - Like Father Like Sons	TBC 1999
The Best Of Frasier 5 - Brotherly Love	TBC 1999
The Best Of Frasier 6 - Love Is In The Air	TBC 1999
The Best Of Frasier Box Set	TBC 1999
The Complete 1st Season	July 16, 2001
The Complete 2nd Season	December 3, 2001
Season 3 - Part 1	May 6, 2002
Season 3 - Part 2	July 1, 2002
Season 4 - Part 1	October 14, 2002
Season 4 - Part 2	November 18, 2002

One Frasier CD has been released featuring a number of songs taken from the show.

CD Name	Release date
Tossed Salads & Scrambled Eggs	October 24, 2000

Books

Several books about Frasier have been released, including the following:

Title	Publisher	ISBN
The Best Of Frasier	Channel 4 Books	ISBN 0-7522-1394-6
Cafe Nervosa: The Connoisseur's Cookbook	Oxmoor House	ISBN 0-8487-1550-0
Frasier	Pocket Books	ISBN 0-671-00368-2
The Frasier Scripts	Newmarket Press	ISBN 1-55704-403-1
Goodnight Seattle	Virgin Books	ISBN 0-7535-0286-0
Goodnight Seattle II	Virgin Books	ISBN 0-7535-0717-X
What's Your "Frasier" IQ: 501 Questions and Answers for Fans	Carol Publishing	ISBN 0-8065-1732-8
The Very Best Of Frasier	Channel 4 Books	ISBN 0-7522-6179-7

References

1. ^ Named to honor the show's creators, Casey, Angell, and Lee
2. ^ Elber, Lynn (2004-05-11). "Cheers to 'Frasier,' Ending an 11-Year Run". AP Online (Associated Press). http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-94465025.html. Retrieved 19 December 2008. 
3. ^ ^{a b} McFadden, Kay. "Condo by condo, Seattle has become a lot like 'Frasier'". Seattle Times, 13 May 2004.
4. ^ ^{a b} Gorman, Steve (2008-06-03). "Kelsey Grammer has heart attack". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/kelsey-grammer--has-heart-attack-838970.html. Retrieved 2009-02-20. 
5. ^ Frost, Caroline (2003=01-24). "Frasier: Goodnight Seattle...". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/uk/2000/newsmakers/2691735.stm. Retrieved 2009-02-20. 
6. ^ ^{a b c d} Casey, Peter. "How FRASIER came to be". kenlevine.blogspot.com. http://kenlevine.blogspot.com/2006/12/how-frasier-came-to-be.html. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
7. ^ ^{a b c d e} Newman, Bruce (1998-03-01). "All In Their Family". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/print/1998/mar/01/entertainment/ca-24256. Retrieved 2009-02-20. 
8. ^ Littlefield, Kinney (1993-12-23). "Custom Casting Got Pierce the Niles Role on 'Frasier'". Chicago Tribune. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24205875.html?dids=24205875:24205875&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Dec+23%2C+1993&author=Kinney+Littlefield%2C+Orange+County+Register.&pub=Chicago+Tribune+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=CUSTOM+CASTING+GOT+PIERCE+THE+NILES+ROLE+ON+%60FRASIER%27&pqatl=google. Retrieved 2009-02-20. 
9. ^ Harris, Joyce Saenz (1996-05-05). "Dallas actress finds second home on Frasier". The Dallas Morning News. 
10. ^ Casey, Peter. "FRASIER starring Lisa Kudrow?". kenlevine.blogspot.com. http://kenlevine.blogspot.com/2006/12/frasier-starring-lisa-kudrow.html. Retrieved 2010-12-25. 
11. ^ Zaslow, Jeffrey (October 8, 2000). "Balancing friends and family". USA Weekend. http://159.54.226.237/00_issues/001008/001008kudrow.html. Retrieved April 17, 2010. 
12. ^ TV.com Episode Summary
13. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0539734/
14. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0539930/
15. ^ Special Features, Season One DVD
16. ^ Mandese, Joe (2004-01-12). "Frasier Move May Put NBC On The Couch". Media Daily News. MediaPost Publications. http://www.mediapost.com/publications/index.cfm?fa=Articles.showArticle&art_aid=6150. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
17. ^ Frost, Caroline (2003-01-24). "Frasier: Goodnight Seattle...". BBC News (BBC). http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/uk/2000/newsmakers/2691735.stm. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
18. ^ ^{a b} Tucker, Ken (2003-11-18). "TV Review: Frasier". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,543175,00.html. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
19. ^ Bianco, Robert (2004-05-12). "Sophisticated 'Frasier' signs off". USA Today (USA Today). http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2004-05-12-frasier-main_x.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
20. ^ ^{a b} Levin, Gary (2004-03-29). "'Frasier' has left the building". USA Today (USA Today). http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2004-03-29-frasier_x.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
21. ^ ^{a b} Cherry, Kevin M. (2004-01-16). "Four for the Road: Frasier Crane won't die this season". National Review. National Review Online. http://www.nationalreview.com/nr_comment/cherry200401160813.asp. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
22. ^ O'Connor, John J. (1993-10-21). "Review/Television; A 'Cheers' Spinoff, Set in Seattle". The New York Times (New York: New York Times): pp. 22. http://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/21/arts/review-television-a-cheers-spinoff-set-in-seattle.html. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
23. ^ Tucker, Ken (1995-04-28). "TV Review: The Crane Gang". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,297028,00.html. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
24. ^ "Listening to Kelsey Grammer". WSJ Opinion Archives. The Wall Street Journal. 2004-04-22. http://www.opinionjournal.com/medialog/?id=110004986. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
25. ^ Bush, Haydn (2000-02-08). "TV Review: 'Frasier' romance critical for series". University Wire. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-24892863.html. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
26. ^ Stevens, Dana (2004-05-12). "Where Have All the Grown-Ups Gone". Slate Magazine. Washington Post. http://www.slate.com/id/2100411/. Retrieved 2009-04-22. 
27. ^ Waters, Darren (July 24, 2003). "TV's obsession with spin-offs". BBC. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/tv_and_radio/3089767.stm. Retrieved January 4, 2010. 
28. ^ "Special Collector's Issue: 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time". TV Guide (June 28-July 4). 1997. 
29. ^ TV Guide Names Top 50 Shows
30. ^ Wezzo (2006-01-03). "Channel 4's Ultimate Sitcom". Listology. http://www.listology.com/content_show.cfm/content_id.22029. Retrieved 2008-02-25. 
31. ^ ^{a b} "TV Ratings: 1993–1994". ClassicTVHits.com. http://www.classictvhits.com/tvratings/1993.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
32. ^ ^{a b} "TV Ratings: 1993–1994". ClassicTVHits.com. http://www.classictvhits.com/tvratings/1994.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
33. ^ ^{a b} "TV Ratings: 1995–1996". ClassicTVHits.com. http://www.classictvhits.com/tvratings/1995.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
34. ^ ^{a b} "TV Ratings: 1996–1997". ClassicTVHits.com. http://www.classictvhits.com/tvratings/1996.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
35. ^ ^{a b} "TV Ratings: 1997–1998". ClassicTVHits.com. http://www.classictvhits.com/tvratings/1997.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
36. ^ ^{a b} "TV Ratings: 1998–1999". ClassicTVHits.com. http://www.classictvhits.com/tvratings/1998.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
37. ^ ^{a b} "US-Jahrescharts 1999/2000". May 30, 2002. http://www.quotenmeter.de/cms/?p1=n&p2=9946&p3=. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
38. ^ ^{a b} "The Bitter End". ew.com. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,256435,00.html. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
39. ^ ^{a b} "How did your favorite show rate?". USA Today. May 28, 2002. http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/2002/2002-05-28-year-end-chart.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-09. 
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41. ^ ^{a b} "I. T. R. S. Ranking Report: 01 Thru 210". ABC Medianet. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070930171419/http://www.abcmedianet.com/Web/progcal/dispDNR.aspx?id=060204_11. Retrieved May 25, 2007. 

Further reading

• Graham, Jefferson (1996). Frasier. New York: Simon & Schuster Ltd. ISBN 0-6710-0368-2. 

External links

• Frasier at the Internet Movie Database
• Frasier at TV.com