Sulodexide

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IUPAC_name = Glucurono-2-amino-2-deoxyglucoglucan sulfate


CAS_number = 57821-29-1
ATC_prefix = B01
ATC_suffix = AB11
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routes_of_administration = Oral, Subcutaneous, Intravenous, Intramuscular

Sulodexide is a highly purified mixture of glycosaminoglycans composed of low molecular weight heparin (80%) and dermatan sulfate (20%).

Pharmacology

The low molecular weight of both sulodexide fractions allows for extensive oral absorption compared to unfractionated heparin. The pharmacological effects of sulodexide differ substantially from other glycosaminoglycans and are mainly characterized by a prolonged half-life and reduced effect on global coagulation and bleeding parameters [cite journal |author=Lauver DA, Lucchesi BR |title=Sulodexide: a renewed interest in this glycosaminoglycan |journal=Cardio drug rev |volume=24 |issue=3-4 |pages=214–26 |year=2006 |pmid=17214598 |doi=10.1111/j.1527-3466.2006.00214.x] . Due to the presence of both glycosaminoglycan fractions, sulodexide potentiates the antiprotease activities of both antithrombin III and heparin cofactor II simultaneously [cite journal |author=Harenberg J |title=Review of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic properties of sulodexide |journal=Med Res Rev |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |year=1998 |pmid=9436179 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1098-1128(199801)18:1<1::AID-MED1>3.0.CO;2-4 |doilabel=10.1002/(SICI)1098-1128(199801)18:11::AID-MED13.0.CO;2-4] .

Uses

Clinically, sulodexide is used for the prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic diseases however recent research has also demonstrated the beneficial effects of sulodexide in animal models of reperfusion injury [cite journal | author = Lauver DA, Booth EA, White AJ, Poradosu E, Lucchesi BR | title = Sulodexide attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and the deposition of C-reactive protein in areas of infarction without affecting hemostasis | journal = J Pharmacol Exp Ther | year=2005 | volume=312 | issue=2 |pages=794–800 | pmid = 15365091 | doi = 10.1124/jpet.104.075283] and the treatment of diabetic nephropathy [cite journal | author = Achour A, Kacem M, Dibej K, Skhiri H, Bouraoui S, El May M. | title = One year course of oral sulodexide in the management of diabetic nephropathy | journal = J Nephrol | year=2005 | volume=18 | pages=568–574 | pmid = 16299683 ] [cite journal | author = Gambaro G, Venturini AP, Noonan DM, et al. | title = Treatment with a glycosaminoglycan formulation ameliorates experimental diabetic nephropathy | journal = Kidney Int | year=1994 | volume=46 | pages=797–806 | pmid = 7527876 | doi = 10.1038/ki.1994.335 ] .

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