Dysphoria

Dysphoria

Dysphoria (from Greek δύσφορος (dysphoros), from δυσ-, difficult, and φέρω, to bear) is generally characterized as an unpleasant or uncomfortable mood, such as sadness (depressed mood), anxiety, irritability, or restlessness. [Abbess; Alleydog.com.] Etymologically, it is the opposite of euphoria.

Dysphoria refers only to a condition of mood and may be experienced in response to ordinary life events, such as illness or grief. Additionally, it is a feature of many psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders and mood disorders. Dysphoria is usually experienced during depressive episodes, but in people with bipolar disorder, it may also be experienced during manic or hypomanic episodes.Read, 2006.] Dysphoria in the context of a mood disorder indicates a heightened risk of suicide.

Dysphoria can be chemically induced by substances including µ-opioid antagonists [ [http://www.drugs.com/pro/nalbuphine.html Nalbuphine Official FDA information, side effects and uses ] ] and selective ĸ-opioid agonists. [Metcalf & Coop, 2005.] Dysphoria is also one of the symptoms of hypoglycemia.Fact|date=October 2007

Conditions related to dysphoria

The following conditions may include dysphoria as a major component or symptom.

*Clinical depression (unipolar) and dysthymia
*Bipolar disorder and cyclothymia
*Premenstrual Syndrome
*Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
*General anxiety disorder
*Gender identity disorder, sometimes called "gender dysphoria"
*Personality disorders such as borderline personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder
*Substance withdrawal
*Body dysmorphic disorder
*Hypoglycemia
*Schizophrenia

Notes

References

*cite web | url = http://www.abess.com/glossary.html | title = Glossary of terms in the field of psychiatry and neurology | last = Abbess | first = John F |accessdate=2006-11-18
*"Dysphoria." "Alleydog.com Psychology Glossary".
*cite journal | last = Metcalf | first = Matthew | coauthors = and Coop, Andrew | url = http://www.aapsj.org/view.asp?art=aapsj070371 | title = Kappa Opioid Antagonists: Past Successes and Future Prospects | journal = The AAPS Journal | publisher = American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists | id = ISSN 1522-1059 | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = E704–E722 | year = 2005 | accessdate = 2006-11-19 | doi = 10.1208/aapsj070371
*cite web | url = http://bipolar.about.com/cs/faqs/f/faq_dysphoria.htm | title = What is dysphoria? | last = Read | first = Kimberly | work = Your Guide to Bipolar Disorder | publisher = About.com | date = 2006 | accessdate = 2006-11-19


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  • dysphoria — [dis fôr′ē ə] n. [ModL < Gr dysphoria < dys , DYS + pherein, to BEAR1] Psychol. a generalized feeling of ill being; esp., an abnormal feeling of anxiety, discontent, physical discomfort, etc. dysphoric [disfôr′ik] adj …   English World dictionary

  • Dysphoria — Dys*pho ri*a, n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? hard to bear; dys ill, hard + fe rein to bear: cf. F. dysphorie.] (Med.) Impatience under affliction; morbid restlessness; dissatisfaction; the fidgets. [1913 Webster] || …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • dysphoria — dysphoric /dis fawr ik, for /, adj. /dis fawr ee euh, fohr /, n. Pathol. a state of dissatisfaction, anxiety, restlessness, or fidgeting. [1835 45; < NL < Gk dysphoría malaise, discomfort, equiv. to dys DYS + phor(ós) bearing + ia IA] * * * …   Universalium

  • dysphoria — dys•pho•ri•a [[t]dɪsˈfɔr i ə, ˈfoʊr [/t]] n. pat a state of anxiety or restlessness • Etymology: 1835–45; < Gk dysphoría malaise, discomfort =dys dys +phor(ós) bearing + ia ia dys•phor′ic ˈfɔr ɪk, ˈfɒr adj …   From formal English to slang

  • dysphoria — noun Etymology: New Latin, from Greek, from dysphoros hard to bear, from dys + pherein to bear more at bear Date: circa 1842 a state of feeling unwell or unhappy • dysphoric adjective …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • dysphoria — noun /dɪsˈfɔːrɪə/lang=en A state of feeling unwell or unhappy; a feeling of emotional and mental discomfort and suffering from restlessness, malaise, depression or anxiety. Ant: euphoria …   Wiktionary

  • dysphoria — A mood of general dissatisfaction, restlessness, depression, and anxiety; a feeling of unpleasantness or discomfort. [dys + G. phora, a bearing] late luteal phase d. SYN: premenstrual syndrome. * * * dys·pho·ria dis fōr ē ə, fȯr …   Medical dictionary

  • dysphoria — (Roget s Thesaurus II) noun A feeling or spell of dismally low spirits: blues, dejection, depression, despondence, despondency, doldrums, dolefulness, downheart edness, dumps, funk, gloom, glumness, heavy heartedness, melancholy, mope (used in… …   English dictionary for students

  • dysphoria — n. state of agitation, state of anxiety or restlessness (Psychology) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • dysphoria — [dɪs fɔ:rɪə] noun Psychiatry a state of unease or general dissatisfaction. Derivatives dysphoric adjective &noun Origin C19: from Gk dusphoria, from dusphoros hard to bear …   English new terms dictionary

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