Gamemaster

Gamemaster

A gamemaster (also GM, game master, gamemanager, referee, or shén yàng 神样) is a person who acts as an organizer, officiant for questions regarding rules, arbitrator, and moderator for a multiplayer game. They are most common in co-operative games where other players work together and are less common in competitive games where other players battle one another.

The role of a gamemaster in a traditional role-playing game is to weave the other participants' player-character stories together, control the non-player aspects of the game, create environments in which the players can interact, and solve any player disputes. The basic role of the gamemaster is the same in almost all traditional role-playing games, although differing rule sets make the specific duties of the gamemaster unique to that system.

The role of a gamemaster in an online game is to enforce the game's rules and provide general customer service. Also, unlike gamemasters in traditional role-playing games, gamemasters for online games in some cases are paid employees.

Contents

History and variants of the term

The term gamemaster and the role associated with it could be found in the postal gaming hobby. In a role-playing game context, it was first used by Flying Buffalo in the 1975 game Tunnels and Trolls, with previous usage in a wargaming context including Guidon Games 1973 ruleset, Ironclad.[1] In typical play-by-mail games, players control armies or civilizations and mail their chosen actions to the GM. The GM then mails the updated game state to all players on a regular basis.

Each gaming system has its own name for the role of the gamemaster, such as "judge", "narrator", "referee", "director", or "storyteller", and these terms not only describe the role of the gamemaster in general but also help define how the game is intended to be run. For example, the Storyteller System used in White Wolf Game Studio's storytelling games calls its GM the "storyteller", while the rules- and setting-focused Marvel Super Heroes role-playing game calls its GM the "judge". The cartoon inspired roleplaying game Toon calls its GM the "animator". A few games apply system- or setting-specific flavorful names to the GM, such as the Hollyhock God (Nobilis, in which the hollyhock represents vanity), or the most famous of such terms, "Dungeon Master" (or "DM") in Dungeons & Dragons.

Gamemasters in traditional role-playing games

The gamemaster prepares the game session for the players and the characters they play (known as player characters or PCs), describes the events taking place and decides on the outcomes of players' decisions. The gamemaster also keeps track of non-player characters (NPCs) and random encounters, as well as of the general state of the game world. The game session (or "adventure") can be metaphorically described as a play, in which the players are the lead actors, and the GM provides the stage, the scenery, the basic plot on which the improvisational script is built, as well as all the bit parts and supporting characters. Gamemasters can also be in charge of RPG board games making the events and setting challenges.

GMs may choose to run a game based on a published game world, with the maps and history already in place; such game worlds often have pre-written adventures. Alternatively, the GM may build their own world and script their own adventures.

A good gamemaster draws the players into the adventure, making it enjoyable for everyone. Good gamemasters have quick minds, sharp wits, and rich imaginations. Gamemasters must also maintain game balance: hideously overpowered monsters or players are no fun. It was noted, in 1997, that those who favor their left-brain such as skilled code writers usually do not make it in the ethereal gamemaster world of storytelling and verse.[2]

Gamemasters in online games

A gamemaster's duties in an online game are to act as a moderator or customer service representative for an online community. A gamemaster in such a game is either an experienced volunteer player or an employee of the game's publisher. They enforce the game's rules by banishing spammers, player killers, cheaters, and hackers and by solving players' problems by providing general customer service. For their tasks they use special tools and characters that allow them to do things like teleport to players, summon items, and browse logs that record players' activities. Gamemasters in MUDs are often called "wizards". Often, players who feel dissatisfied with the game will blame the GMs directly for any errors or glitches. However, this blame is misdirected as most GMs are not developers and cannot resolve those types of problems.

The now defunct America Online Online Gaming Forum used to use volunteers selected by applications from its user base. These people were simply referred to as OGFs by other members, and their screennames were indicative of their position (i.e., OGF Moose, etc.). While membership in the Online Gaming Forum had only one real requirement (that is, be a member of AOL), OGFs were given powers quite similar to AOL "Guides" and could use them at will to discipline users as they saw appropriate.

World of Warcraft has employees of Blizzard Entertainment that serve as gamemasters to help users with various problems in gameplay, chat, and other things like account and billing issues. A gamemaster in this game will communicate with players through chat that has blue text and they will also have a special "GM" tag and Blizzard logo in front of their names. The gamemasters do not appear in the game.

Note that a few games, notably Neverwinter Nights and Vampire: The Masquerade – Redemption, are computer game adaptations of tabletop RPGs that are played online with one player acting as a traditional gamemaster.

Gamemasters in online chats

Sometimes, tabletop gamemasters simply can not find players interested in either the same setting, product line, or play style in their local neighborhood. The advent of the personal computer has brought a moderate solution to this in the form of online chat programs. This enables gamemasters to find players online, and for them to meet via chat rooms, forums, or other electronic means. This, in contrast to a normal table top game or a game meant to be played online, creates many more duties for a prospective gamemaster. It is wise to write out descriptive text ahead of time, and since the gamemaster cannot rely on his acting skills to get the personality of NPCs and monsters across, the need for music (often considered a distraction in a normal table top game) becomes much greater, as background music helps to set the mood for other players. The gamemaster must also keep hard copies of all the players' characters himself, since he can not glance at them as he would in a normal game. Moreover, all players must rely on the honor system when determining the outcome of events through dice rolls, as the die is only visible to the player who most benefits from lying about it.

There are also some benefits. The use of Wiki software can allow gamemasters to easily keep track of notes and characters that appear during play, as well as character sheets and other useful tools for the players. They may evolve into the equivalent of a home-made gaming supplement. Scripting software allows complicated mechanics that include many tables or a lot of math to be resolved at a push of the button, while teleconferencing allows the players and gamemaster to communicate through voice, video, and a shared whiteboard. The use of technology to enable online play is growing, as can be seen from products like the D&D Insider.

See Also

References

  1. ^ Wham, Tom; Lowry, Don (1973). Ironclad: Civil War Naval Rules. Belfast, Maine: Guidon Games. p. i. 
  2. ^ Pendleton, Jennifer. (August 18, 1997) Los Angeles Times. Trends:Nice Work If You Can Master It. Section: Business; Page 6.

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Gamemaster — In diesem Artikel oder Abschnitt fehlen folgende wichtige Informationen: Chat Rollenspiele Foren Rollenspiele Verantwortung und Aufgaben des Spielleiters Du kannst Wikipedia helfen, indem du sie recherchierst und …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • gamemaster — verb To run a roleplaying game; to act as a gamemaster A few weeks before Wesley had asked me to gamemaster a role playing narrative, I had purchased the Forgotten Realms Campaign Set …   Wiktionary

  • Gamemaster (board game series) — The Gamemaster series of board games consisted of five war simulation games created by the game company Milton Bradley, beginning in 1984 with the introduction of the popular Axis Allies . The original Milton Bradley Gamemaster series included: * …   Wikipedia

  • Gamemaster Serie — Die Gamemaster Series ist eine Brettspielserie von MB, die in den 1980er Jahren erschien. Von den fünf zugehörigen Spielen sind in Deutschland nur Axis Allies, Shogun alias Samurai Swords und, allerdings erst als überarbeitete Neuauflage,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Gamemaster Series — Die Gamemaster Series ist eine Brettspielserie von MB, die in den 1980er Jahren erschien. Von den fünf zugehörigen Spielen sind in Deutschland nur Axis Allies, Shogun alias Samurai Swords und, allerdings erst als überarbeitete Neuauflage,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • gamemaster — game|mas|ter sb., en, e, ne (person som leder et rollespil) …   Dansk ordbog

  • Action Gamemaster — The Action Gamemaster was a vaporware product that would have been produced by Active Enterprises, a small manufacturer of unlicensed video games. Active was marketing its first commercial release, the Action 52 multicart, for both the NES and… …   Wikipedia

  • Paranoia (role-playing game) — Paranoia 25th Anniversary Troubleshooters Edition Designer(s) Greg Costikyan, Dan Gelber, Eric Goldberg, Allen Varney (current edition) …   Wikipedia

  • List of YuYu Hakusho episodes (season 3) — YuYu Hakusho Season 3 The collection box for the saga, which was released on October 11, 2005. Country of origin Japan …   Wikipedia

  • Non-player character — A non player character (NPC), sometimes known as a non person character or non playable character, in a game is any fictional character not controlled by a player. In electronic games, this usually means a character controlled by the computer… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”