Heliodorus (minister)

Heliodorus (minister)

Heliodorus was a minister of Seleucus IV Philopator ca. 175 BC, and is said to have assassinated(by poison) Seleucus who hoped to succeed to his dominions. On the death of Seleucus, the throne was seized by Heliodorus; but it was not long before Antiochus IV Epiphanes, the brother of the late king, with the help of the Pergamon monarch, Eumenes II, recovered it. [George Rawlinson, Ancient History, 256] 2 Maccabees reports that he entered the Temple in Jerusalem in order to take its treasure, but was turned back by three forms of God.

Heliodorus in the Arts

During the Reformation and Counter-Reformation, the episode of the "Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple" was taken in Roman Catholic apologetics as a symbol of the inviolability of Church property. [Gabriele Boccaccini, "Portraits of Middle Judaism in Scholarship and Arts" (Turin: Zamorani, 1992).] For some time, it became a popular subject in works of artists, such as:

* Raphael (1512): Vatican, Palazzi Vaticani
* Wouter Crabeth (1566): Gouda (Holland), Sint Janskerk
* Bertholet Flémal (1662), Brussels (Belgium), Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts
* Giuseppe Tortelli (1724): Brescia (Italy), Musei civici di Arte e Storia
* Francesco Solimena (1725): Naples (Italy), Gesù Nuovo
* Giambattista Tiepolo (1727): Verona (Italy), Museo di Castelvecchio
* Serafino Elmo (1734): Muro Leccese (Italy), Annunziata
* Franz Sigrist (1760): Zweifalten (Germany), Klostenkirche
* Eugene Delacroix (1861): Paris (France), Saint Sulpice

Notes


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