Henry Wemyss

infobox bishopbiog
name = Henry Wemyss


religion=Roman Catholic Church
See = Diocese of Galloway
Title = Bishop of Galloway
Period = 1526–1541
consecration = after March 1, 1526
Predecessor = David Arnot
Successor = Andrew Durie
post = Official of Galloway (1512 × 1517–1522 × 1526)
Archdeacon of Galloway (1513 × 1522–1531)| ordination =
bishops =
date of birth = unknown
place of birth = unknown
date of death = March 14 × May 21, 1541
place of death =

Henry Wemyss (died 1541) was a prelate from the 16th century Kingdom of Scotland. He appears in the sources in the bishopric of Galloway for the first time in 1517, and rose to become Bishop of Galloway in 1526, a position he held until his death in 1541.

Biography

Origin

He was said to have been the son of John Wemyss, fifth son of Sir John Wemyss of Wemyss, by a daughter of Sir John Arnot of Arnot (in Fife); if true, this would make him a relative of David Arnot, sometime Bishop of Galloway who resigned that bishopric in Wemyss' favour; [Brunton & Haig, "Historical Account", p. 42; their authority is cited as "Douglas Peer ii 619", which represents John Philip Wood's "The Peerage of Scotland: Containing an Historical and Genealogical Account of the Nobility of that Kingdom, from their Origin to the Present Generation, Collected from the Public Records, Ancient Chartularies, the Charters and Other Writings of the Nobility, Works of our Best Historians, &c., 2nd ed. revised and corrected, with a continuation to the present period", 2 vols, (Edinburgh, 1813), vol. ii, p. 619; this is a self-proclaimed revision of Sir Robert Douglas of Glenbervie's earlier work. See below for bishopric of Galloway.] Robert Keith thought he may have been related to King James V, as a brother, [Keith, "Historical Catalogue", p. 278.] but this was a mistake based on textual misreading (mispunctuating) which resulted in Henry's name being confused with that of James Stewart, Earl of Moray, the King's actual brother. [Dowden, "Bishops", p. 373, n. 1.]

Earlier career

Henry is found as the Official of the diocese of Galloway on February 8, 1517, and again on January 16, 1522; the last known holder of this position occurred on March 12, 1512, so that Henry must have taken this position at some point between 1512 and 1517. [Dowden, "Bishops", p. 373; Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 140.] Henry was parson of the parish church of Auchterderran ("Outherdekan"), Fife, in the diocese of St Andrews, and is found to be Archdeacon of Galloway on December 9, 1522; like his position as Official, it not known when he ascended the archdeaconry, and the last occurrence of a predecessor occurs on November 9, 1513. [Dowden, "Bishops", p. 372; Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 138.]

Bishopric of Galloway

Henry Wemyss received provision to the bishopric of Galloway (with the position of Dean of the Chapel Royal, Stirling) when David Arnot resigned his bishopric on January 23/4, 1526; Arnot retained right of return upon any future vacancy and half of the revenue of the diocese. [Dowden, "Bishops", pp. 372-3; Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 132.] Although Arnot also resigned his position as Commendator of Tongland for, once again, a lifelong pension and with right of return on vacancy, Arnot may have effectively held on to Tongland Abbey for a few more years; repeated crown nominations of Wemyss to Tongland failed, apparently because of Arnot, while William Stewart, a canon of Glasgow Cathedral, also got crown nomination until the Pope finally agreed to give Bishop Henry Wemyss Tongland Abbey "in commendam" in 1530, with Stewart resigning his rights. [Watt & Shead, "Heads", pp. 211-2.]

The commend of Dundrennan Abbey came into Wemyss' possession after a crown nomination on December 11, 1529, to which he was admitted on April 24, 1530. [Watt & Shead, "Heads", p. 66.] Henry also retained the Archdeaconry of Galloway after becoming bishop, at least until he resigned the position to Patrick Arnot on February 11, 1531. [Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 138.] Bishop Wemyss was a frequent attender of parliament, and his name occurs frequently as a witness to charters under the Great Seal of Scotland.Dowden, "Bishops", p. 373.] He appeared for the last time in the latter capacity on March 14, 1541. He died soon after this date, and was certainly dead by May 21. [Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 132.] On May 25, Andrew Durie, Abbot of Melrose, was put in charge of the vacant temporalities of Galloway and Tongland; Durie indeed succeeded Wemyss to these positions later in the year. [Dowden, "Bishops", pp. 373-4; Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 132; Watt & Shead, "Heads", p. 212.]

There survive some correspondences between Bishop Henry Wemyss and William Kennedy, Abbot of Crossraguel, written in the English language. [Blair & Morris (eds.), "Charters", vol. i, pp. 98-9; Dowden, "Bishops", p. 373.] Bishop Henry and Abbot William have been said to have been close friends. [Paul, "Scots Peerage", vol. ii, p. 469.] Two letters sent by Bishop Wemyss, dated to July 5, and to December 5, 1536, survive; the first was addressed to "Jhone Makmaister and maister Patrik Ryschert", officials at Crossraguel Abbey, and the second to Abbot William; they concern certain revenues pertaining to one Ninian Boyd and his land at "Culmoyr" ("Cùl Mòr", "big back"), [Blair & Morris (eds.), "Charters", vol. i, pp. 98-9.] over which the bishop may have had rights; [Blair & Morris (eds.), "Charters", vol. i, p. 98, n. 2.] "Culmoyr" was in the now defunct parish of "Clashant", later belonging to the MacDowall kindred of Garthland. [Blair & Morris (eds.), "Charters", vol. i, p. 99, n. 1.] Bishop Wemyss' signature has survived on the letter to Abbot William. [See illustration in Blair & Morris (eds.), "Charters", vol. i, between p. 98 and p. 99.]

Notes

References

* Blair, F. C. Hunter, & Morris, J. A., "Charters of the Abbey of Crosraguel", 2 vols., (Edinburgh, 1886)
* Brunton, George, & Haig, David, "An Historical Account of the Senators of the College of Justice from its Institution in 1532", (Edinburgh, 1832)
* Donaldson, Gordon, "The Bishops and Priors of Whithorn", in "Dumfriesshire and Galloway Natural History & Antiquarians Society: Transactions and Journal of Proceedings", Third Series, vol. 27 (1950), pp. 127-54
* Dowden, John, "The Bishops of Scotland", ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
* Keith, Robert, "An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops: Down to the Year 1688", (London, 1824)
* Paul, James Balfour, "The Scots Peerage", Vol. II, (Edinburgh, 1905)
* Watt, D. E. R., "Fasti Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638", 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969)
* Watt, D. E. R. & Shead, N. F. (eds.), "The Heads of Religious Houses in Scotland from the 12th to the 16th Centuries", The Scottish Records Society, New Series, Volume 24, (Edinburgh, 2001)