Kukersite

Kukersite is a marine type oil shale of Ordovician age, found in the Baltic Oil Shale Basin in Estonia and North-West Russia. It was named after Kukruse settlement in Estonia in 1917 by Russian paleontologist Mikhail Zalessky.Cite journal
last =Lille | first =Ü
title =Current knowledge on the origin and structure of Estonian kukersite kerogen
journal =Oil Shale. A Scientific-Technical Journal
publisher = Estonian Academy Publishers
volume = 20
issue =3
pages =253–263
year =2003
url=http://www.kirj.ee/public/oilshale/3_lille_2003_3.pdf
format = PDF
id = ISSN 0208-189X
accessdate =2007-10-20] The kukersite deposit in Estonia is one of the world’s highest-grade oil shale deposits with more than 40 % organic content and 66 % conversion ratio into shale oil and gas. Oil yields of kukersite are 30 to 47 % of the shale by weight. Most of the kerogen is derived from the fossil green alga, "Gloeocapsomorpha prisca", which has affinities to the modern cyanobacterium, "Entophysalis major", an extant species that forms algal mats in intertidal to very shallow subtidal waters.Cite journal
last = Bauert | first = Heikki
title = The Baltic oil shale basin—An overview
journal=Proceedings 1993 Eastern Oil Shale Symposium
publisher = University of Kentucky Institute for Mining and Minerals Research
year =1994
pages = 411–421 ]

Kukersite in Estonia occurs as an often calcareous layer of 2.5-3 metres thickness. Along the coast the Kukersite lies near the surface and dips to the south, so that the deposits is found at depths from 7 to 100 m.Cite journal
last =Altun | first =N. E.
last2 =Hiçyilmaz | first2 =C.
last3 =Hwang | first3 =J.-Y.
last4 =Suat Bağci | first4 =A.
last5 =Kök | first5 =M. V.
title =Oil Shales in the world and Turkey; reserves, current situation and future prospects: a review
journal =Oil Shale. A Scientific-Technical Journal
publisher = Estonian Academy Publishers
volume = 23
issue =3
pages =211–227
year =2006
url=http://www.kirj.ee/public/oilshale/oil-2006-3-2.pdf
format = PDF
id = ISSN 0208-189X
accessdate =2007-10-20]

Matrix minerals dominantly include low-magnesium calcite, dolomite, and siliciclastic minerals. They are not enriched in heavy metals.Cite paper
last = Dyni | first =John R.
title =Geology and resources of some world oil-shale deposits. Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5294
publisher = U.S. Department of the Interior. U.S. Geological Survey
year =2006
url = http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5294/pdf/sir5294_508.pdf
format=PDF
accessdate =2007-10-20]

ee also

* Oil shale geology
*Cannel coal
*Lamosite
*Marinite
*Tasmanite
*Torbanite

References