List of ecoregions in Brazil

The following is a list of ecoregions in Brazil, as defined by the WWF:

Terrestrial ecoregions

by major habitat type

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

*Araucaria moist forests (Argentina, Brazil)
*Atlantic Coast restingas (Brazil)
*Bahia coastal forests (Brazil)
*Bahia interior forests (Brazil)
*Caatinga Enclaves moist forests (Brazil)
*Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests (Brazil)
*Guayanan highlands forests (Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
*Guianan moist forests (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
*Gurupa varzea (Brazil)
*Iquitos varzea (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
*Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
*Juruá-Purus moist forests (Brazil)
*Madeira-Tapajós moist forests (Bolivia, Brazil)
*Marajó varzea (Brazil)
*Maranhão Babaçu forests (Brazil)
*Mato Grosso tropical dry forests (Brazil)
*Monte Alegre varzea (Brazil)
*Negro-Branco moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
*Northeastern Brazil restingas (Brazil)
*Parañá-Paraíba interior forests (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
*Pernambuco coastal forests (Brazil)
*Pernambuco interior forests (Brazil)
*Purus varzea (Brazil)
*Purus-Madeira moist forests (Brazil)
*Serra do Mar coastal forests (Brazil)
*Solimões-Japurá moist forest (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
*Southern Andean Yungas (Argentina, Brazil)
*Southwest Amazon moist forests (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
*Tapajós-Xingu moist forests (Brazil)
*Tepuis (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
*Tocantins-Araguaia-Maranhão moist forests (Brazil)
*Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname)
*Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests (Brazil)

Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

*Atlantic dry forests (Brazil)
*Chiquitano dry forests (Bolivia, Brazil)

Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

*Beni savanna (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
*Campos Rupestres montane savanna (Brazil)
*Cerrado (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
*Guyanan savanna (Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela)
*Humid Chaco (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
*Uruguayan savanna (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay)

Flooded grasslands and savannas

*Pantanal (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)

Deserts and xeric shrublands

*Caatinga (Brazil)
*Saint Peter and Saint Paul rocks (Brazil)

Mangrove

*Amapá mangroves (Brazil)
*Bahia mangroves (Brazil)
*Ilha Grande mangroves (Brazil)
*Pará mangroves (Brazil)
*Rio Piranhas mangroves (Brazil)
*Rio São Francisco mangroves (Brazil)

by bioregion

Amazonia bioregion

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

*Caqueta moist forests (Brazil, Colombia)
*Guianan moist forests (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
*Gurupa varzea (Brazil)
*Iquitos varzea (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
*Japurá-Solimoes-Negro moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
*Juruá-Purus moist forests (Brazil)
*Madeira-Tapajós moist forests (Bolivia, Brazil)
*Marajó varzea (Brazil)
*Maranhão Babaçu forests (Brazil)
*Mato Grosso tropical dry forests (Brazil)
*Monte Alegre varzea (Brazil)
*Napo Moist Forests (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
*Negro-Branco moist forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
*Purus varzea (Brazil)
*Purus-Madeira moist forests (Brazil)
*Rio Negro campinarana (Brazil, Colombia)
*Solimões-Japurá moist forest (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
*Southwest Amazon moist forests (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
*Tapajós-Xingu moist forests (Brazil)
*Tocantins-Araguaia-Maranhão moist forests (Brazil)
*Uatuma-Trombetas moist forests (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname)
*Xingu-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forests (Brazil)

Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

*Chiquitano dry forests (Bolivia, Brazil)

Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

*Beni savanna (Bolivia)
*Guyanan savanna (Brazil, Guyana, Venezuela)

Eastern South America

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

*Araucaria moist forests (Argentina, Brazil)
*Atlantic Coast restingas (Brazil)
*Bahia coastal forests (Brazil)
*Bahia interior forests (Brazil)
*Caatinga enclaves moist forests (Brazil)
*Fernando de Noronha-Atol das Rocas moist forests (Brazil)
*Northeastern Brazil restingas (Brazil)
*Parañá-Paraíba interior forests (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
*Pernambuco coastal forests (Brazil)
*Pernambuco interior forests (Brazil)
*Serra do Mar coastal forests (Brazil)
*Trinidade-Martin Vaz Islands tropical forests (Brazil)

Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests

*Atlantic Dry Forests (Brazil)

Flooded grasslands and savannas

*Pantanal (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)

Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands

*Campos Rupestres montane savanna (Brazil)
*Cerrado (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
*Humid Chaco (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)

Deserts and xeric shrublands

*Caatinga (Brazil)
*Saint Peter and Saint Paul rocks (Brazil)

Orinoco bioregion

Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

*Guayanan highlands forests (Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)

Mangroves

by mangrove complex

Amazon-Orinoco-Maranhao

*Amapá mangroves (Brazil)
*Maranhão mangroves (Brazil)
*Pará mangroves (Brazil)

Northeast Brazil

*Bahia mangroves (Brazil)
*Rio Piranhas mangroves (Brazil)
*Rio São Francisco mangroves (Brazil)

outheast Brazil

*Ilha Grande mangroves (Brazil)

Freshwater ecoregions

by freshwater complex

Guiana/Orinoco Complex

* Eastern Morichal (Venezuela)
* Orinoco Delta (Venezuela)
* Southern Orinoco (Venezuela)
* Guiana Watershed (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)

Amazon Complex

* Amazon Delta (Brazil)
* Amazon Main Channel (Brazil, Peru)
* Northern Amazon Shield Tributaries (Brazil)
* Rio Negro (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
* Upper Amazon Piedmont (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
* Western Amazon Lowlands (Bolivia, Brazil, Peru)
* Central Brazilian Shield Tributaries (Bolivia, Brazil)
* Tocantins-Araguaia (Brazil)

Northeast Atlantic Complex

* Maranhao (Brazil)

Mata-Atlantica Complex

* Northeast Mata-Atlantica (Brazil)
* East Mata-Atlantica (Brazil)
* Southeast Mata-Atlantica (Brazil)

ão Francisco Complex

* Caatinga (Brazil)
* Cerrado (Brazil)

Upper Parana Complex

* Upper Parana (Brazil)

Beni Complex

* Beni (Bolivia)

Paraguay-Parana Complex

* Pantanal (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
* Lower Parana (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay)

outhern Atlantic Complex

* Jacui Highlands (Brazil, Uruguay)
* Lagoa dos Patos Coastal Plain (Brazil, Uruguay)

Marine ecoregions

"by marine realm and marine province"

Tropical Atlantic

North Brazil Shelf

* Guianian
* Amazonia

Tropical Southwestern Atlantic

* Sao Pedro and Sao Paulo Islands
* Fernando de Noronha and Atol das Rocas
* Northeastern Brazil
* Eastern Brazil
* Trindade and Martin Vaz Islands

Temperate South America

Warm Temperate Southwestern Atlantic

* Southeastern Brazil
* Rio Grande

References

* Dinerstein, Eric; David Olson; Douglas J. Graham; et al. (1995). "A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean." World Bank, Washington DC.
* Olson, D., Dinerstein, E., Canevari, P., Davidson, I., Castro, G., Morisset, V., Abell, R., and Toledo, E.; eds. (1998). "Freshwater Biodiversity of Latin America and the Caribbean: A Conservation Assessment." Biodiversity Support Program, Washington DC.
* Spalding, Mark D., Helen E. Fox, Gerald R. Allen, Nick Davidson "et al." "Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas". "Bioscience" Vol. 57 No. 7, July/August 2007, pp. 573-583.