List of sovereign states in 1861

overeign States

A

*noflag|Afghanistan – Emirate of Afghanistan
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Andorra_1806.png Andorra – Principality of Andorra
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Anhalt_Duchies.png Anhalt-Bernburg – Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg
*flagicon image|Flagge_Herzogtum_Anhalt.svg Anhalt-Dessau – Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Ankole.svg Ankole – Kingdom of Ankole
*flagicon image|Early_Nguyen_Dynasty_Flag.svg Annam – Empire of Annam
*noflag|Anziku – Anziku Kingdom
*flag|Argentina – Argentine Republic
*flagicon image|Omu Aro flag.jpg Aro – Aro Confederacy
*flagicon image|Flag of Ashanti.svg Ashanti – Asante Union
*flag|Austrian Empire|name=Austria – Austrian Empire

B

*flagicon image|Flag_of_Baden_1848.png Baden – Grand Duchy of Baden
*noflag|Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi
*noflag|Bambara – Bambara Empire (to March 10)
*noflag|Baol – Kingdom of Baol
*noflag|Basutoland – Kingdom of Basutoland
*flagicon|Bavaria Bavaria – Kingdom of Bavaria
*flag|Belgium|state – Kingdom of Belgium
*flagicon image|Flag of the Benin Empire.svg Benin – Benin Empire
*flag|Bolivia – Bolivian Republic
*noflag|Bornu – Bornu Empire
*flagicon|Brazil|1822 Brazil – Empire of Brazil
*flagicon image|Flagge_Herzogtum_Braunschweig.svg Brunswick – Duchy of Brunswick
*flagicon image|Red_flag.svg Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda
*flagicon image|Flag_of_the Emirate_of_Bukhara.svg Bukhara – Emirate of Bukhara
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Bunyoro%2C_Uganda.svg Bunyoro – Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Burmese_Empire_%281853-1876%29.svg Burma – Kingdom of Burma
*noflag|Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi

C

*noflag|Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia
*noflag|Cayor – Kingdom of Cayor
*flag|Chile – Republic of Chile
*noflag|China – Great Qing Empire
*flag|Colombia – United States of Colombia (from September 20)
*flagicon image|Costa Rica 1848-1906.png Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica

D

*flagicon image|Sin_bandera.svg Dahomey – Kingdom of Dahomey
*flag|Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark
*flag|Dominican Republic – Dominican Republic

E

*flagicon image|Flag_of_Ecuador_%28civil%29.svg Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador
*flag|El Salvador|1869 – El Salvador
*flagicon|Ethiopia|1975 Ethiopia – Empire of Ethiopia

F

*noflag|Fouta Djallon – Kingdom of Fouta Djallon
*noflag|Fouta Tooro – Kingdom of Fouta Tooro
*flagicon|France France – French Empire

G

*noflag|Garo – Kingdom of Garo
*noflag|Gera – Kingdom of Gera
*noflag|Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma
*flagicon image|Granadine_confederation.png Granadine Confederation – Granadine Confederation (renamed New Granada on July 18)
*flagicon|Greece|royal Greece – Kingdom of Greece
*flagicon image|Guatemala_1858_-_1871.svg Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
*noflag|Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma

H

*flagicon image|Flag of the Emirate of Ha'il.svg Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il
*flag|Haiti|civil – Republic of Haiti
*flagicon|Hanover|kingdom Hanover – Kingdom of Hanover
*flagicon|Hawaii Hawaii – Kingdom of Hawaii
*flagicon image|Flagge Großherzogtum Hessen ohne Wappen.svg Hesse-Darmstadt – Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Hesse-Homburg.png Hesse-Homburg – Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Hesse.svg Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) – Electorate of Hesse
*flagicon image|Holstein Arms.svg Holstein – Duchy of Holstein
*flag|Honduras – Republic of Honduras

I

*flagicon|Italy|1861 Italy - Kingdom of Italy (from March 17)

J

*noflag|Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero
*flagicon image|Mitsubaaoi2.svg Japan – Tokugawa shogunate
*noflag|Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma
*flagicon image|Flag of Johor.svg Johor – Sultanate of Johor
*noflag|Jolof – Jolof Kingdom
*flagicon image|Korea-arms2.gif Joseon – Kingdom of Joseon

K

*noflag|Kaabu – Kingdom of Kaabu
*noflag|Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa
*noflag|Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom
*noflag|Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso
*flagicon image|Bandera_de_Khiva_abans_1917.svg Khiva – Khanate of Khiva
*noflag|Kokand – Khanate of Kokand
*noflag|Kong – Kong Empire
*flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Kongo.svg Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo
*noflag|Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya

L

*flag|Liberia – Republic of Liberia
*flagicon image|Flag of Liechtenstein (1852-1921).svg Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
*noflag|Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea
*flagicon image|Flagge_F%C3%BCrstentum_Lippe.svg Lippe – Principality of Lippe
*noflag|Loango – Kingdom of Loango
*noflag|Luba – Luba Empire
*noflag|Lunda – Lunda Empire
*flag|Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

M

*noflag|Massina – Massina Empire
*noflag|Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom
*flagicon image|Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
*flagicon image|Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
*flagicon image|Flag of Menton and Roquebrune.gif Menton and Roquebrune - Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune (annexed to France in 1861)
*flag|Mexico|1823 – United Mexican States
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Monaco_%28state%29.svg Monaco – Principality of Monaco
*noflag|Montenegro – Principality of Montenegro
*flagicon image|Red_flag.svg Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Muscat.svg Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman

N

*flagicon image|Flag-Nassau.png Nassau – Duchy of Nassau
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Negeri_Sembilan.svg Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan
*flag|Netherlands – Kingdom of The Netherlands
*flagicon image|Flag_of_New_Granada.svg New Granada – United States of New Granada (July 18 to September 20)
*flagicon image|Nicaragua_B-W-B.svg Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua

O

*flagicon image|Oldenburg_Flagge.jpg Oldenburg – Grand Duchy of Oldenburg (to July 1)
*flag|Orange Free State – Republic of Orange Free State
*flag|Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State
*noflag|Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire
*noflag|Oyo – Oyo Empire

P

*flagicon image|Flag_of_Pahang.svg Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang
*flagicon image|Flag of the Papal States (1808-1870).svg Papal States – States of the Church
*flagicon image|Flag of Paraguay 1842.png Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Perak.svg Perak – Sultanate of Perak
*flagicon image|Amir Kabir Flag.svg Persia – Persian Empire
*flag|Peru|1825 – Peruvian Republic
*flagicon|Portugal|1830 Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal
*flagicon|Prussia|1803 Prussia – Kingdom of Prussia

R

*flagicon image|Flag_of_Rarotonga_1858-1888.svg Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga
*flagicon image|Flagge_F%C3%BCrstentum_Reu%C3%9F_%C3%A4ltere_Linie.svg Reuss Elder Line – Principality of Reuss Elder Line
*flagicon image|Flagge_F%C3%BCrstentum_Reu%C3%9F_j%C3%BCngere_Linie.svg Reuss Junior Line – Principality of Reuss Junior Line
*flag|Russian Empire|1858|name=Russia – Russian Empire
*noflag|Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda
*flagicon image|Ryukyu Islands flag until 1875.svg Ryūkyū – Kingdom of Ryūkyū

*flagicon image|Flag_of_San_Marino_%28civil%29.svg San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
*flagicon image|Sarawak_Flag_1870.jpg Sarawak – Kingdom of Sarawak
*flagicon|Italy|1861 Sardinia – Kingdom of Sardinia (to March 17)
*flagicon image|Flagge_Herzogtum_Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha_(1826-1911).svg Saxe-Altenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg
*flagicon image|Flagge_Herzogtum_Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha_%281911-1920%29.svg Saxe-Coburg-Gotha – Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
*flagicon image|Flagge_Herzogtum_Sachsen-Meiningen.svg Saxe-Meiningen – Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen
*flagicon image|Flagge_Gro%C3%9Fherzogtum_Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach_%281813-1897%29.svg Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
*flagicon image|Flagge_K%C3%B6nigreich_Sachsen_%281815-1918%29.svg Saxony – Kingdom of Saxony
*flagicon image|Flagge_F%C3%BCrstentum_Lippe.svg Schaumburg-Lippe – Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe
*flagicon image|Schleswig Arms.svg Schleswig – Duchy of Schleswig
*flagicon image|Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt_Flag_1815.png Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
*flagicon image|Flagge_F%C3%BCrstent%C3%BCmer_Schwarzburg.svg Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Selangor.svg Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor
*flag|Thailand|1855|name=Siam – Kingdom of Siam
*flagicon image|Flag of the Sokoto Caliphate.svg Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate
*flag|Transvaal|name=South Africa – South African Republic
*flag|Spain|1785 – Kingdom of Spain
*flagicon image|18th Century Flag of Sulu.svg Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu
*flagicon image|Unionsgjøs.png|border Sweden-Norway – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
*flag|Switzerland – Swiss Confederation

T

*noflag|Toro – Toro Kingdom
*noflag|Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire
*flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1860).svg Two Sicilies – Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (to February 12)

U

*flagicon|United Kingdom United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
*flag|United States|1861 – United States of America
*flag|Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay

V

*flagicon image|Flag_of_Venezuela_%281859-1863%29.svg Venezuela – Republic of Venezuela

W

*flagicon|Germany|Weimar Waldeck-Pyrmont – Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
*noflag|Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta
*flagicon|Württemberg Württemberg – Kingdom of Württemberg

Y

*noflag|Yeke – Yeke Kingdom

Z

*flag|Zanzibar|Sultanate – Sultanate of Zanzibar (from April 6)
*noflag|Zululand – Kingdom of the Zulus

tates Claiming Sovereignty

*flagicon image|Sultanate of Aceh Flag.png Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh
*flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Araucania_and_Patagonia.svg Araucania and Patagonia – Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia
*noflag|Arkansas – Arkansas (from May 6 to May 18)
*flagicon image|Alabama 1861 Obverse.svg|border Alabama – Alabama (from January 11 to February 4)
*flag|Confederate States of America|1861 – Confederate States of America (from February 4)
*flagicon image|Florida Provisional 1861.svg Florida – Florida (from January 10 to February 4)
*flagicon image|GaBefore1879.gif Georgia – Georgia (from January 19 to February 4)
*noflag|Goust| – Republic of Goust
*flagicon image|Louisiana Feb 11 1861.svg Louisiana – Louisiana (from January 26 to February 4)
*flagicon image|Mississippi_1861.svg Mississippi – Republic of Mississippi (from January 9 to February 4)
*flagicon image|North_Carolina_1861.svg North Carolina – North Carolina (from May 20 to May 21)
*flagicon|South Carolina South Carolina – Republic of South Carolina (to February 4)
*flagicon image|Flag_of_Tavolara.gif Tavolara – Kingdom of Tavolara
*noflag|Tennessee – Tennessee (from June 8 to July 2)
*flag|Texas – Texas (from February 1 to March 2)
*flag|Virginia – Virginia (from April 17 to May 7)