Māori Women's Welfare League

Māori Women's Welfare League

The Māori Women’s Welfare League or Te Rōpū Wāhine Māori Toko I te Ora is a New Zealand welfare organisation focusing on Māori women and children. It held its first conference in Wellington in September 1951.

The League's official aims are "To promote fellowship and understanding between Māori and European women and to cooperate with other women's organizations, Departments of State, and local bodies for the furtherance of these objects."[1] The formation of the League was a milestone in Māori culture. Through the organization, women were able to represent themselves in the New Zealand government for the first time. Formed in 1951 in Wellington, following the mass movement of Māori from rural to urban New Zealand, the league's original goal was to preserve Māori culture through their native arts and crafts while also promoting fellowship and cooperation among various women’s organizations. The league's formation was a direct result of the 1945 Māori Social and Economic Advancement Act.[2][3][4] The mostly male members of the committee for social and economic advancement recognized the under-representation of women in government and created the Women's Welfare League to address this issue. Dame Whina Cooper was elected foundation president. Following its establishment, the League grew rapidly, with branches were established throughout New Zealand. Within its first 14 years of existence, membership had risen to approximately 3,000 members in branches across the country.[citation needed]

The League became heavily involved in housing, health, and education, focusing on families and healthy lifestyles in addition to women's issues. By 1956 the League had 300 branches, 88 district councils and over 4000 members. As president, Dame Whina Cooper became the highest profile Māori woman in New Zealand. Cooper, however, was acting in consultation with the League's executive less and less, and in 1957 she was persuaded to step aside as President.[citation needed] The League's annual conference bestowed her the title "Te Whaea o te Motu" (Mother of the Nation) in 1958. In the early days of the organization the priority was to raise the levels of poverty for the community and replace them with adequate public housing. In the 1960s, the women's league developed an afterschool homework program and established Māori language schools.[5] By the 1980s because of this type of action the organization was able to persuade the government into making te reo Māori part of the country's official languages.[5]

Contents

Māori Women's Development Fund

In 1987 the League, under the leadership of Georgina Kirby, established the Māori Women's Development Inc (MWD), a specialist lender to encourage innovation and business among Māori. The fund lends to both men and women, but is run and governed by women.[5][6]

Figures within the League

Some of the people with the League include:[7]

Patrons

  • Te Ariki Te Puea Herangi - founding Patroness 1951-??
  • Te Arikinui Te Atairangikaahu - Patroness  ??-2006
  • Te Atawhai - Patroness 2007-[8]

Presidents

  • Dame Whina Cooper, ONZ, DBE, JP, President 1951-1957 (founding president)
  • Miria Logan, MBE President 1957-1960
  • Maata Hirini, MBE President 1960-1963
  • Ruiha Sage, JP President 1964-1968
  • Miria Karauria, MBE President 1968-1971
  • Hine Potaka, OBE President 1971-1973
  • Dame Miraka Szaszy DBE, JP President 1973-1977
  • Dr Erihapeti Murchie-Rehu CNZM, QSO, JP, President 1977-1980
  • Violet Pou, CBE, President 1980-1983
  • Maraea Te Kawa. QSM, JP President 1983
  • Dame Georgina Kirby. DBE, QSO, JP President 1983-1987; MWD Trustee[6]
  • June Mariu QSM, JP, President 1987-1990; MWD Trustee[6]
  • Aroha Reriti-Crofts, CBE, JP, President 1990-1993; MWD Trustee[6]
  • Areta Koopu CBE President 1993-1996; MWD Trustee[6]
  • Druis Barrett CNZM President 1996-1999; MWD Trustee[6]
  • Jacqui Te Kani CNZM President 1999-2002; Later General Manager[9]; MWD Trustee[6]
  • Christine Panapa President ??-??[10]; MWD Trustee[6]
  • Meagan Joe 2008-2011 (died in office)[9][11]; MWD Trustee[6]
  • Kataraina O'Brien[12] 2011-present

Recent developments

The organization's recent focus has been on inspiring Māori women to consider the more non-traditional areas of work. The Modern Apprenticeship Program was designed to promote cross-fertilization within the traditional male and female roles. While it was once important to preserve the old Māori ways of life, leaders within the league today see more benefits in a transition. By combining women and men in the workforce the League hopes to close the pay gap.[citation needed] Almost 70% of women's work is unpaid compared to 40% of male's work. Another recent initiative has been to set housing as one of New Zealand's priorities. The new KiwiSaver initiative will make it easier for families to buy their first homes. The Māori women will also benefit from an extra $4.09 billion spent on health over the next four years.[citation needed]

The organization continues to have an annual conference and is heavily involved in social issues within New Zealand, especially relating to Māori health and education. Today, the league does more than give women a voice in government; it is responsible for immunization campaigns for babies and teaching young mothers about gardening and growing their own food. The league also seeks to provide health centres and nursing units for the community.[13] They have become an organization which focuses less on women and more on family wellness and the wellness of the community. Recent initiatives have led to new socially concerned organizations including the Pouta Training Centre.[citation needed]

The centre provides programs teaching things vital to basic health, such as quitting smoking. The welfare league is also currently battling a sexist backlash, as it continues to exhibit the power women can hold in saving and nurturing a culture.[14][15]

Traditional health issues such as childcare and infant mortality continue to feature in the League's programs alongside more recent develpments such as Anti-smoking campaigns; home vegetable growing initiatives such as Kai in the yard and Child car seat campaigns. Many campaigns are centred or hosted on marae (the community-centre in most small Māori communities) and often involve working with health care professionals or other organisations such as Plunket Society or District Health Boards to extend their work into Māori communities.[16]

2011 elections

In 2011, Hannah Tamaki, Auckland based co-founder of the Destiny Church campaigned for presidency of the League. Since Tamaki joined the League five years previously, the church created several branches of the League within the church.[17] The league distributed voting papers without Tamaki's name and announced that some branches and some members were being investigated. Tamaki launched legal action in the High Court.[18][19]

Ten of thirteen self-identified Destiny branches were constituted in at the same time at the Destiny Church's headquarters in Mt Wellington after Hannah Tamaki's nomination. Each of the ten had between 91 and 93 members, apparently to maximise the number of votes.[20] Justice Kos ruled that Tamaki should be reinstated as a candidate in the election, but that the ten recently constituted branches were not legally constituted and should not be able to vote in the election because they had been established completely contrary to the practices and tikanga of the league.[21] [22]

Days after the court decision, then-current President Meagan (Wowie) Joe died, after a long battle with breast cancer.[23][24][25] Tamaki maintained her campaign for President.[26]

Kataraina O'Brien, a 40-year veteran of the League won the election.[12] O'Brien has 12 years experience on the Tainui Regional Executive Board of the League and has been the President of the Matua Branch for the past 8 years. She is active in the Merivale area of Tauranga and was a finalist in the Tauranga Community Spirit Awards in November 2008[27][28] O'Brien is a teacher by profession, having taught at Hato Petera and Auckland Girls' Grammar.[29]

References

  1. ^ Croker, Olive. "Māori Women's Welfare League". An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, 1966. http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/W/WomensOrganisations/MaoriWomensWelfareLeague/en. Retrieved 2007-10-29. 
  2. ^ http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1945/0042/latest/whole.html
  3. ^ Hill, Richard S (2011 [last update]). "State Authority, Indigenous Autonomy: Crown-Maori Relations in New Zealand/Aotearoa 1900-1950: The Maori Welfare Organisation". http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-HillStat-t1-body-d8-d5.html. Retrieved 19 June 2011. 
  4. ^ "Happy 59th Birthday to the Maori Women's Welfare League!". 2011 [last update]. http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PA1108/S00593/happy-59th-birthday-to-the-maori-womens-welfare-league.htm. Retrieved 3 September 2011. 
  5. ^ a b c "In a League by Themselves"
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i "MWDI | About Maori Women’s Development Incorporated". mwdi.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.mwdi.co.nz/about.asp. Retrieved 21 July 2011. 
  7. ^ http://christchurchcitylibraries.com/TiKoukaWhenua/OMWWL/MWWLPresidents.pdf
  8. ^ "SPEECH: Speech to the Maori Women’s Welfare League National Conference - Rt Hon John Key". johnkey.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.johnkey.co.nz/archives/240-SPEECH-Speech-to-the-Maori-Womens-Welfare-League-National-Conference.html. Retrieved 10 July 2011. 
  9. ^ a b "Hannah Tamaki meeting called off". nzherald.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10737897. Retrieved 20 July 2011. "Meagan Joe" 
  10. ^ "Destiny's takeover bid angers Maori league". stuff.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/5160940/Destinys-takeover-bid-angers-Maori-league. Retrieved 10 July 2011. "Christine Panapa" 
  11. ^ "TKM | Other Māori Organisations". tkm.govt.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.tkm.govt.nz/omo/. Retrieved 20 July 2011. 
  12. ^ a b "Tamaki loses bid to head league". stuff.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/5560377/Tamaki-loses-bid-to-head-league. Retrieved 3 September 2011. 
  13. ^ "New Zealand's Māori Women's Welfare League: Working Toward Women's Rights in Saving Māori Culture". Women's News Network (2007).
  14. ^ Rangi, Caren. Welcome for new National President, Māori Women's Welfare League. Tiare Ahuriri. 16 November 2008.
  15. ^ Laing P, Pomare E (1994). "Māori health and the health care reforms". Health Policy 29 (1-2): 143–56. doi:10.1016/0168-8510(94)90012-4. PMID 10137080. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0168-8510(94)90012-4. 
  16. ^ "Christchurch trust wins major Maori Public Health award". scoop.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/GE1109/S00003/christchurch-trust-wins-major-maori-public-health-award.htm. Retrieved 19 October 2011. "Te Puawaitanga ki Otautahi Trust emerged as an organisation out of the Otautahi Branch of the Maori Women’s Welfare League (MWWL) in 2004. The Trust is a kaupapa Maori provider who employs over 30 staff and offers a range of community-based Whanau Ora support services" 
  17. ^ "Destiny Maori welfare wrangle". stuff.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.stuff.co.nz/5156648/. Retrieved 10 July 2011. 
  18. ^ "Tamaki heads to court over league election". stuff.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.stuff.co.nz/5249850/. Retrieved 10 July 2011. 
  19. ^ "League takeover battle erupts". stuff.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.stuff.co.nz/5240549/. Retrieved 10 July 2011. 
  20. ^ "Hannah Tamaki exclusion review under way". nzherald.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10739705. Retrieved 20 July 2011. "Justice Kos said it was 'remarkable' that all 10 branches had between 91 to 93 members, which appeared to maximise the number of votes each branch - 10 - would receive to participate in the election." 
  21. ^ "Hollow victory for Tamaki". nzherald.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10740010. Retrieved 21 July 2011. "'I find the manner in which the new branches have been established completely contrary to the practices and tikanga of the league." 
  22. ^ "Hannah Tamaki Response to High Court Ruling". scoop.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/AK1107/S00578/hannah-tamaki-response-to-high-court-ruling.htm. Retrieved 21 July 2011. 
  23. ^ "President of Maori Women's Welfare League dies - National - NZ Herald News". nzherald.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10741317. Retrieved 7 August 2011. "The national president of the Maori Women's Welfare League. Meagan (Wowie) Joe, has died after a long battle with breast cancer." 
  24. ^ "Poroporoaki: Meagan Joe | Scoop News". scoop.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PA1107/S00437/poroporoaki-meagan-joe.htm. Retrieved 7 August 2011. 
  25. ^ "He aituā! Kua mate a Meagan Joe, Māori Womens Welfare League | Scoop News". scoop.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PO1107/S00305/he-aitua-kua-mate-a-meagan-joe-maori-womens-welfare-league.htm. Retrieved 7 August 2011. 
  26. ^ "Michele Hewitson interview: Hannah Tamaki". nzherald.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10741772. Retrieved 7 August 2011. 
  27. ^ http://content.tauranga.govt.nz/community/CommunitySpiritAwardsBackground.pdf
  28. ^ "Social - Kataraina O'Brien, Brian Kelly, Richard Kluit, Lisa Charman and Mayor Crosby - Finalist". community.tauranga.govt.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://community.tauranga.govt.nz/photo-gallery/tabid/1680/galleryType/SlideShow/ItemID/1833/Default.aspx. Retrieved 3 September 2011. 
  29. ^ "Maori Women's Welfare League names new president". radionz.co.nz. 2011 [last update]. http://www.radionz.co.nz/news/national/84270/maori-women%27s-welfare-league-names-new-president. Retrieved 3 September 2011. "She spent about 30 years teaching at secondary schools including Hato Petera and Auckland Girls' Grammar." 

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