- TLR9
Toll-like receptor 9, also known as TLR9, is a human
gene . TLR9 has also been designated as CD289 (cluster of differentiation 289).PBB_Summary
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summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are named for the high degree of conservation in structure and function seen between mammalian TLRs and the Drosophila transmembrane protein Toll. TLRs are transmembrane proteins, expressed on the cell surface and the endocytic compartment and recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents and initiate signalling to induce production of cytokines necessary for the innate immunity and subsequent adaptive immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is preferentially expressed in immune cell rich tissues, such as spleen, lymph node, bone marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes. Studies in mice and human indicate that this receptor mediates cellular response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA to mount an innate immune response. [cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TLR9 toll-like receptor 9| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=54106| accessdate = ]References
Further reading
PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Lien E, Ingalls RR |title=Toll-like receptors. |journal=Crit. Care Med. |volume=30 |issue= 1 Suppl |pages= S1–11 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11782555 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kaisho T, Akira S |title=Toll-like receptors as adjuvant receptors. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1589 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–13 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11909637 |doi=External links
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