Mancipatio

Mancipatio

In Roman law, mancipatio (f. Latin manus "hand" and capere "to take hold of") was a verbal contract by which the ownership of certain goods, called res mancipi, was transferred.

Res mancipi were goods important in an early agrarian society, like land, rights over land, horses, cattle and slaves. The right of ownership (dominium) for such goods was reserved to Roman citizens (Quirites) and therefore called a "quiritian" or a "quiritary" right.

The procedure is described as follows by Gaius: "Mancipatio is effected in the presence of not less than five witnesses, who must be Roman citizens and of the age of puberty, and also in the presence of another person of the same condition, who holds a pair of brazen scales and hence is called Libripens. The purchaser, taking hold of the thing, says: HUNC EGO HOMINEM EX IURE QUIRITIUM MEUM ESSE AIO ISQUE MIHI EMPTUS ESTO HOC AERE AENEAQUE LIBRA (I affirm that this slave is mine according to quiritary right, and he is purchased by me with this piece of bronze and scales). He then strikes the scales with the piece of bronze, and gives it to the seller as a symbol of the price" (Gaius, Institutes, I.119).

Mancipatio existed even before the Twelve Tables. It fell into disuse during the Empire and was finally abolished by the code of Justinian.


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  • Mancipatio — Mancipatio, en droit romain, est un contrat verbal par lequel la propriété de certains biens, appelées res mancipi, est transférée. Cicéron utilise le terme Mancipium comme synonyme de Mancipatio[1],[2]. Selon Gaius[3] : « La Mancipatio …   Wikipédia en Français

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  • mancipatio — /maensapeysh(iy)ow/ In Roman law, a certain ceremony or formal process anciently required to be performed, to perfect the sale or conveyance of res mancipi (land, houses, slaves, horses, or cattle). The parties were present (vendor and vendee),… …   Black's law dictionary

  • mancipatio — /maensapeysh(iy)ow/ In Roman law, a certain ceremony or formal process anciently required to be performed, to perfect the sale or conveyance of res mancipi (land, houses, slaves, horses, or cattle). The parties were present (vendor and vendee),… …   Black's law dictionary

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