Pass Christian, Mississippi

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Pass Christian, Mississippi
settlement_type = City
nickname =
motto =

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mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location of Pass Christian, Mississippi


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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Mississippi
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Harrison
government_footnotes =
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leader_title =
leader_name =
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unit_pref = Imperial
area_footnotes =
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 39.6
area_land_km2 = 21.8
area_water_km2 = 17.8
area_total_sq_mi = 15.3
area_land_sq_mi = 8.4
area_water_sq_mi = 6.9

population_as_of = 2000
population_footnotes =
population_total = 6579
population_density_km2 = 301.6
population_density_sq_mi = 781.2

timezone = Central (CST)
utc_offset = -6
timezone_DST = CDT
utc_offset_DST = -5
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m = 4
elevation_ft = 13
latd = 30 |latm = 19 |lats = 28 |latNS = N
longd = 89 |longm = 14 |longs = 50 |longEW = W

postal_code_type = ZIP code
postal_code = 39571
area_code = 228
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 28-55400
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 0675482
website =
footnotes =

Pass Christian [ The name "Pass Christian" is pronounced, in the French manner, as "pass kris-CHAN" or "pass kris-chee-ANN" (rather than "pass KRIS-chin" as in "Christianity"). It is often mentioned in radio or television weather bulletins for hurricane advisories along the U.S. Gulf Coast.] is a city in Harrison County, Mississippi, United States, along the Gulf of Mexico. It is part of the Gulfport–Biloxi, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 6,579 at the 2000 census.

Geography

Pass Christian is located at coor dms|30|19|28|N|89|14|50|W|city (30.324463, -89.247214)GR|1.According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.3 square miles (39.6 km²), of which, 8.4 square miles (21.8 km²) of it is land and 6.9 square miles (17.8 km²) of it (44.97%) is water.

History

Pass Christian was named for a nearby deepwater pass, which in turn was named for Nicholas Christian L'Adnier who lived on nearby Cat Island beginning in 1746. (Another nearby pass, Pass Marianne, was named for L'Adnier's wife Marianne Paquet.) [http://www.ci.pass-christian.ms.us/history/briefhistp5.htm]

The town was a famous resort prior to the American Civil War and the site where the first yacht club of the South (and second in the US) was established in 1849. The town was a favorite location for the beach and summer homes of the wealthy of New Orleans. The row of historic mansions along the town's shoreline, especially Scenic Drive, was one of the country's notable historic districts. Tarpon Hole, offshore of Pass Christian in the Mississippi Sound, was the location where a world record Black Sea Bass was caught by Captain John T. McDonald. Captain McDonald operated The Schooner "Queen of the Fleet"

The fishing vessel was noted for its nearly spotless racing record throughout the 1890s and early 1900s until being replaced by larger, faster schooners built for the Biloxi fisheries during World War I. The two-masted 42-foot vessel was purchased in 1895 by Mrs. Bidwell, later given to John McDonald, and years later, was lost at sea on October 16, 1923 during a storm.John T. McDonald had been a city alderman in 1888, and served as mayor for three 2-year terms from 1890 to 1895, and served another term in 1903.

Pass Christian was in the path of two of the most intense hurricanes ever to hit the United States--Hurricane Camille in 1969 and Hurricane Katrina on August 29, 2005. Both hurricanes caused the near total destruction of the city.

Hurricane Katrina

On August 29, 2005, Pass Christian was almost completely destroyed by Hurricane Katrina. Of the approximately 8,000 homes in Pass Christian, all but 500 were damaged or destroyed. In spite of the fact that the beachfront Scenic Drive follows the crest of a small bluff, affording it some elevation, most of the historic mansions along the road were severely damaged, and many also were destroyed.

Hurricane Katrina damaged over 40 Mississippi libraries, totally destroying the Pass Christian Public Library, and requiring a complete rebuild. ["Hurricane Katrina Related Damages to Public Libraries in Mississippi" (September 2005), Mississippi Library Commission, web: [http://www.ala.org/ala/cro/katrina/MSPL_Katrina_Damage.pdf ALA-Katrina] .] Thirteen members of the city's police department, Chief John Dubuisson, Asst Chief Thomas Ruspoli, Sgts Josh Mcconnell and Michael Lally, Officers Zenas Cappie, Greg Daniels, Tony Piazza, Barry Smith, Clark Diehl, Reserve Officers Craig Necaise and Thomas Hawkins, Dispatcher Gloria Sanders and Municipal Court Officer Rebecca Ruspoli retreated to the Public Library after Police station became unsafe and water from the Gulf of Mexico began to pour in. The library was immediatly north of City Hall across a small parking lot but was at a lower elevation. When the water crested the elevation of City Hall, the police cars in the parking lot began to float and were carried around the parking lot by the current. One car struck the South side doors causing them to implode and the Gulf of Mexico driven by Katrina's powerful winds rushed in the building. With no way to fight against the current we were trapped inside a concrete box that was rapidly filling with water. Knowing that we had to escape we resorted to attempting to shoot the glass out of the North side of the building. But this attempt was unsuccessful. The laminated glass proved impervious to the .45 caliber rounds of our police issue handguns. The force of the water entering the building after the southern wall was destroyed by the car was far too strong to swim against. The only way out, was with the current.

The storm surge from Hurricane Katrina that hit Pass Christian was estimated at 30-37 feet, leveling Pass Christian up to half a mile inland from the shore; estimation of highest storm surges was complicated because high-water markers were also destroyed. Highway 90 along the beach was damaged, and the bridge over the Bay of St. Louis was thrown completely apart, not being reopened until a new bridge was partially completed in May 2007. (Connection was temporarily replaced by a ferry service.) Sewage contamination rendered the local water supply unusable, as some samples tested positive for more than 250 bacteria and parasites. By late September 2005, access was restricted south of the railroad tracks (about 4 blocks inland) without proper credentials, as crews continued to search for victims and clear debris. In early 2007, although rebuilding was underway in much of the city, a large portion of empty, deserted homes and other structures remain. Many residents were still living in FEMA trailers, and out-of-state volunteers were still needed for the rebuilding effort.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 6,579 people, 2,687 households, and 1,797 families residing in the city. The population density was 781.2 people per square mile (301.7/km²). There were 3,351 housing units at an average density of 397.9/sq mi (153.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 65.91% White, 28.17% African American, 0.62% Native American, 3.48% Asian (almost all Vietnamese American), 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.62% from other races, and 1.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.75% of the population.

There were 2,687 households out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.6% were married couples living together, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.1% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the city the population was spread out with 23.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 86.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $40,743, and the median income for a family was $46,232. Males had a median income of $35,352 versus $22,195 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,008. About 8.2% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.0% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

The ZIP code of Pass Christian is 39571.

Education

The City of Pass Christian is served by the Pass Christian School DistrictThis district is a level 5 school and has been for several years straight.

Notable residents

*Captain John Handy, jazz musician
*Jimmy Johnson, cartoonist and creator of the syndicated newspaper comic strip "Arlo and Janis".
*Jeanette Kimball, jazz musician
*Tig Notaro, standup comedian.
*Robin Roberts, ABC News' "Good Morning America" anchor who returned home to provide emotional coverage of the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.
*Sally-Ann Roberts, an anchor for WWL-TV in New Orleans; Robin Roberts' sister.
*Margaret Loesch, http://www.shemadeit.org/meet/biography.aspx?m=146 , noted television executive returned home immediately after Hurricane Katrina with van loads of necessities for Pass friends and residents. A year later she purchased and restored her family home in the Pass.

Cultural references

* The city is mentioned in the John Mellencamp song "Cuttin' Heads" from his 2001 album of the same name. Mellencamp pronounced the name incorrectly.
* Talk show host Ellen DeGeneres also says she spent many weekends in Pass Christian as a child, while growing up in New Orleans, La.
* The city is mentioned in Poppy Z. Brite's novel "Drawing Blood" as one of the towns main character Zachary Bosch stops in during his travels.
* Local residents often colloquially refer to Pass Christian as simply "The Pass."

Notes

External links

* http://www.ci.pass-christian.ms.us/ - Official Page
* [http://www.schlatter.org/Katrina/Katrina%20page%201.htm One family's story of the destruction Katrina brought]
* [http://www.rebuildthepass.org/ Rebuild the Pass.org with information on how to volunteer in Pass Christian for Post-Katrina rebuilding.]
* [http://old.thedailystar.com/news/stories/2006/02/24/drive8.html SUCO Gulf Coast drive raises $13,000]