- Viniyoga
Viniyoga is a
Sanskrit word that has multiple meanings. Literal meanings include "separation", "detachment", and "leaving", but the common meanings include "employment", "use", and "application". [See Harvnb|Apte|1956|p=860 for definitions of _sa. विनियोग ("viniyoga") as: 1. Separation, parting, detachment; 2. Leaving, giving up, abandoning; 3. Employment, use, application, disposal.] The root "IAST|viniyuj" means "to use", "to employ", "to do", among other senses. [For a definition of the root "IAST|viniyuj", see Harvnb|Apte|1956|p=860.]When used as a technical term in
Hindu religious literature it refers to a short introductory section that gives standard details about the work, such as the sage ("IAST|ṛṣi") who is said to have originated the work, the meter in which it is to be chanted, the deity ("IAST|devatā") considered to preside over it, and other technical details of its use. [For use as a technical term instotra literature, see Harvnb|Joshi|1998|p=2.]The word appears in the "Yoga Sutras of Patañjali", where sutra 3.6 says that the application of the practice of "IAST|saṁyama" takes place in stages. [For text of sutra 3.6 as "IAST|tasya bhūmiṣu viniyogaḥ", translation of this sutra as "Its (of IAST|Saṁyama) use by stages", and definition of "viniyoga" as "application, employment", see Harvnb|Taimni|1961|p=287.]
The term "viniyoga" has been used by
T. K. V. Desikachar to describe his approach to utilizing the tools of yoga, in particular his conviction that yoga practice should be adapted to fit the individuality and particular situation of each practitioner. [For a discussion of the meaning of "viniyoga" in this context, see Harvnb|Desikachar|2001|p=8.] Desikachar later distanced himself from the term.Notes
References
*Citation
last=Apte
first=Vaman Shivram
year=1965
title=The Practical Sanskrit Dictionary
place=Delhi
publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers
edition=Fourth revised and enlarged
volume=
isbn=81-208-0567-4
*Citation
last=Joshi
first=L. M.
year=1998
title=Lalitā Sahasranāma
place=New Delhi
publisher=D. K. Printworld (P) Ltd.
edition=
volume=
isbn=81-246-0073-2
*Citation
last=Taimni
first=I. K.
year=1961
title=The Science of Yoga
place=Adyar, India
publisher=The Theosophical Publishing House
edition=Eighth Reprint, 1993
volume=
isbn=81-7059-212-7
*Citation
last=Desikachar
first=T.K.V. with Kausthub Desikachar and Frans Moors
year=1994
title=The Viniyoga of Yoga: Applying Yoga for Healthy Living
place=Chennai, India
publisher=Krishnamacharya Yoga Mandiram
edition=Second Reprint, 2001
volume=
isbn=81-87847-11-5
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
