Portrait of Suzanne Bloch

Infobox Painting|

title=Portrait of Suzanne Bloch
artist=Pablo Picasso
year=1904
type=Oil on canvas
height=65
width=54
height_inch=
width_inch =
museum=São Paulo Museum of Art, São Paulo

"Portrait of Suzanne Bloch" is a painting by the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso, executed in Paris in 1904, towards the end of his blue period. The subject, Suzanne Bloch, was a singer known for her Wagner interpretations, and the sister of the violinist Henri Bloch.Marques, 1998, pp. 205-206.]

Suzanne Bloch

A luminary in the Parisian sets frequented by Picasso at the beginning of the 20th century, Suzanne Bloch was a Wagnerian singer and the sister of the violinist Henri Bloch. She was introduced to the Spanish artist by the French poet Max Jacob, in 1904, and she sat for a portrait by Picasso in his studio at 13 rue Ravignan in Paris, between the late spring and early summer of that year. [ [http://picasso.csdl.tamu.edu/picasso/WorksIndex?Year=1904&CurrentItem=31&ViewStyle=detail on-line Picasso project] ] A pen and ink sketch heightened with gouache, and signed and dated by Picasso, preceded the oil painting; it is now conserved at the Neubury Coray collection, in Ascona, Switzerland.Camesasca, 1987] .

Picasso's Portrait

The portrait in oils has been described by Luiz Marques, professor of art history at Unicamp, as exemplary of "the blue period, to which it fully belongs." It has been called the last important work of the blue period, although Palau i Fabre says that it is "difficult to date and determine the stage of transition from one period to the other—which in any case was not a sudden shift but a gently nuanced, though intermittent, progress". [Palau i Fabre & Picasso, 1981, p. 388] In a similar vein, Denys Chevalier has written: "Any attempt ... to date the blue period too precisely can only lead to errors". [Chevalier, 1991, p. 13]

The painting, fully imbued with a somber, melancholy aura, is rendered in monochromatic shades, varying from blue to blue-green, with the sporadic presence of warmer tones. Nevertheless, it is possible to notice that the painting already announces some characteristics of a future transition in the Spanish painter’s pictorial style, foreshadowing cubism. In the words of Camesasca, quoted by Marques: “ […] "this portrait is marked by the emergence of a reflection about the plastic-chromatic structure of Cézanne’s works, in the scope of a 'post-impressionism, already absorbed in the problems which will make the art explode."'”

Provenance

The painting belonged to Suzanne Bloch, and was sold by her heirs after her death. The Thannhauser Gallery, Munich sold the painting ca. 1916 to Sally Falk, Mannheim, but his collection was already dispersed in 1919, under the supervision of the Paul Cassirer Gallery, Berlin, and Picasso's "Lady without hat, blue portrait" was acquired by Mechthild Princess Lichnowsky, ["Stiftung und Sammlung Sally Falk", Städtische Kunsthalle Mannheim, 1994, p. 185: no. 295, ill. p. 131 ISBN 3-89165-045-0] who kept it at her private collection in London. From the English capital, the painting went to Lugano, in Switzerland, where it was hold in the private collection of the Biber family. The painting remained on deposit at the National Gallery of Art, in Washington between 1942 and 1946. In the following year, it was acquired by the São Paulo Museum of Art (MASP), with financial resources donated by Walter Moreira Salles, founder of Unibanco.

Theft

On December 20, 2007 the painting was stolen from the São Paulo Museum of Art. Around five o’clock in the morning, three men invaded the museum and took away Picasso's "Portrait of Suzanne Bloch" and Portinari's "O lavrador de café" [http://ritualcafe.files.wordpress.com/2007/07/lavrador-de-cafe.jpg] from the museum collection. The whole action took about three minutes. The estimated value of the works was US$ 55 million, with the portrait alone valued at US$ 50 million.

The paintings, which are listed as Brazilian National Heritage by IPHAN, [pt icon * IPHAN - Official Note [http://www.cultura.gov.br/site/?p=9488] - "The paintings "O lavrador de Café", "Retrato de Suzanne Bloch" as well as the entire collection of MASP are considered Brazilian National Heritage since 1969 due to its importance to the culture of the country.] , remained missing until January 8, 2008, when they were recovered in Ferraz de Vasconcelos by the Police of São Paulo. The paintings were returned, undamaged, to the São Paulo Museum of Art. cite news|author=MacSwan, Angus |title=Security questioned in Picasso theft in Brazil |url=http://uk.news.yahoo.com/rtrs/20071221/ten-uk-brazil-picasso-d3877cb_1.html |date=2007-12-21 |publisher=Reuters] cite news |author=Winter, Michael |title=Stolen Picasso, Portinari recovered in Brazil|url=http://blogs.usatoday.com/ondeadline/2008/01/stolen-picasso.html|date=2008-01-08 |publisher=USA TODAY]

Exhibitions

The painting was exhibited at the Thannhauser Gallery in Berlin, in 1913; at the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes in Buenos Aires, in 1939; at the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum in San Francisco, in 1940; at the famous exhibition "From Cézanne to Picasso", in Los Angeles (1941); at the exhibition "A Nova Pintura Francesa", in Rio de Janeiro (1949); at the Museu Picasso in Barcelona and at the Kunstmuseum in Berne, both in 1992; and at the Picasso retrospective, at the Musée Picasso, in Paris, carried out in 1994.

Notes

References

*Camesasca, Ettore. "Da Raffaello a Goya... da Van Gogh a Picasso – 50 dipinti dal Museu de Arte di San Paolo del Brasile (exhibition catalogue)". Milan: 1987
*Chevalier, D. (1991). "Picasso, the blue and rose periods". Crown art library. New York: Crown. OCLC|22451806
*cite news|author=MacSwan, Angus |title=Security questioned in Picasso theft in Brazil |url=http://uk.news.yahoo.com/rtrs/20071221/ten-uk-brazil-picasso-d3877cb_1.html |date=2007-12-21 |publisher=Reuters
*Marques, Luiz (org). "Catálogo do Museu de Arte de São Paulo Assis Chateaubriand: arte francesa e Escola de Paris."” São Paulo: Prêmio, 1998
*Palau i Fabre, J., & Picasso, P. (1981). "Picasso, the early years, 1881-1907". New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 0847803155
*cite news |author=Winter, Michael |title=Stolen Picasso, Portinari recovered in Brazil|url=http://blogs.usatoday.com/ondeadline/2008/01/stolen-picasso.html|date=2008-01-08 |publisher=USA TODAY

See also

* Art theft

External links

* [http://www.museum-security.org/wordpress/?p=121 Museum-security article about the theft]
* [http://uk.news.yahoo.com/rtrs/20071221/ten-uk-brazil-picasso-d3877cb_1.html Yahoo! News UK article about the theft]
* [http://masp.uol.com.br/servicoeducativo/assessoriaaoprofessor-dez06.php Article about "The Portrait of Suzanne Bloch" in the website of MASP]
* [http://picasso.csdl.tamu.edu/picasso On-line Picasso project]