Pontianak, Indonesia

Pontianak, Indonesia

Infobox City
official_name = Pontianak
nickname = Khuntien (Teochew dialect)
motto = Pontianak the Equatorial City with the Vision to be an International Trade Center with Quality Service



imagesize = 200px
image_caption = The equator monument.


image_



mapsize =
map_caption = Location of Pontianak in Indonesia
pushpin_

subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = Indonesia
subdivision_type1 = Province
subdivision_name1 = West Kalimantan
subdivision_type2 =
subdivision_name2 =
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Buchary Abdurrahman
established_title = Established
established_date = 23 October 1771
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 107.82
area_total_sq_mi =
area_land_km2 =
area_land_sq_mi =
area_water_km2 =
area_water_sq_mi =
area_water_percent =
area_urban_km2 =
area_urban_sq_mi =
area_metro_km2 =
area_metro_sq_mi =
population_as_of = 2004
population_note =
population_total = 516737
population_density_km2 =
population_density_sq_mi =
population_metro =
population_density_metro_km2 =
population_density_metro_sq_mi =
population_urban =
timezone = WIB
utc_offset = +7
timezone_DST =
utc_offset_DST =
latd=0 |latm=0 |lats= |latNS=N
longd=109 |longm=20 |longs= |longEW=E
elevation_m =
elevation_ft =
website = [http://www.pontianak.go.id www.pontianak.go.id]
footnotes =

Pontianak is the capital of the Indonesia province of West Kalimantan. It is a medium-size industrial city located at coord|0|0|N|109|20|E|, on the island of Borneo. It occupies an area of 107.82 km² in the delta of the Kapuas River, at approximately 1143 km, the longest river in Indonesia. It is located precisely on the equator.

History

The city was formerly the capital of the independent sultanate of Pontianak and was founded in 1772 around an old trading station on the Borneo coast. It is built on swampy ground that is subjected to regular flooding by the river, requiring buildings to be constructed on piles to keep them off the ground.

During the Japanese occupation of 1942 to 1945, more than 21,000 people in Pontianak (including women and children) were kidnapped, tortured and massacred by Japanese troops. Japanese intelligence had become concerned ethnic Chinese were planning to start a rebellion, and were worried that people in the city had received guns and ammunition from the Chinese government.

After the end of war, the Japanese officers in Pontianak were arrested by allied troops and brought in front of an international military tribune. During the trial, it was revealed that the plan to start the rebellion did not exist and instead was only an imaginary plan created by Japanese officers who wanted to get promoted. The massacre occurred from April 23, 1943 to June 28, 1944 and most of the victims were buried in several giant wells in Mandor (88 km from Pontianak). Allied forces occupying the area after the war found several thousand bones, and more than 60 years after the massacre, several secret graves of the victims were found in Mandor and the surrounding areas.

A monument called Makam Juang Mandor was created to commemorate this tragic event.

Economy

Pontianak is renowned for its food and regional produce. The main industries are shipbuilding and the production of rubber, palm oil, sugar, pepper, rice and tobacco. It was formerly Borneo's main centre for gold extraction. Pontianak is also recognised for being a trade hub between overseas cities and other cities in West Kalimantan province. It has also strong trade link with the city of Kuching, Malaysia. Trading activities are centered along the Kapuas River, which range from easternmost part of West Kalimantan province to South China Sea.

Education

There are tens of primary schools and high schools operated by both state institutions as well as private and religious institutions. The University of Tanjung Pura, a state university, was established in Pontianak in 1963. In addition to this, there are other universities maintained by private institutions, one of the most notable among them is Christianity-influenced University of Widya Dharma, STMIK (Sekolah tinggi Manajemen Informatika dan Komputer), University of Panca Bhakti, State Islamic collage (STAIN), POLNEP (Politeknik Negeri Pontianak), and Muhammadiyah University.

Demographics

The 2000 census put Pontianak's population at about 526,600. Pontianak is a multicultural city. It has a large minority population of Chinese alongside the majority native Indonesians. In fact, Chinese form the largest single ethnic group in the city. Most Chinese are of either Teochew or Hakka extraction. Teochew is the main lingua franca used among the Chinese, and Teochew are the dominant ethnic Chinese group in Pontianak. Native Indonesians are mainly Malay and Dayak people. Madurese and Javanese are also significant minorities. Most citizens of Pontianak use Malay accent of Indonesian, which is somewhat similar to that used in Malaysia.

Places

The equatorial line is marked by the Equator monument, which marks the division between the northern and southern hemispheres.

Place to see

Places to eat

Pontianak is renowned for its eating out places with different food available from morning to night. Due to its high number of Chinese, Chinese foods are in every corner of the city and not all are halal for Muslims.

See also

*Teochew dialect, a lingua franca of residents of Chinese descent in Pontianak
*Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pontianak

External links

* [http://www.pontianak.go.id Official site]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Pontianak — may refer to:*Pontianak, Indonesia, a city in Indonesia *Pontianak (folklore), a type of vampire in Malay folklore …   Wikipedia

  • pontianak — /pon tee ah nahk/, n. jelutong (def. 2). [1910 15; orig., jelutong from the region around PONTIANAK] * * * ▪ Indonesia       kotamadya (municipality) and capital, West Kalimantan (Kalimantan Barat) propinsi (province), Borneo, Indonesia. It lies… …   Universalium

  • Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation — Indonesia Malaysia confrontation Control of the island of Borneo, which is divided between Indonesia, Malaysia and …   Wikipedia

  • Pontianak — [pän΄tē ä′näk΄] seaport in W Kalimantan, Indonesia, on the South China Sea: pop. 387,000 …   English World dictionary

  • Pontianak (folklore) — The Pontianak, Kuntilanak, Matianak or Boentianak (as known in Indonesia, sometimes shortened to just kunti) is a type of vampire in Malay folklore, similar to the Langsuir. Pontianak are women who died during childbirth and became undead,… …   Wikipedia

  • Pontianak — (PONT ah nook) Variation: Buo, Kuntilanak, MATI ANAK, Pontipinnak In the folklore of Indonesia and Malaya there is a vampiric demon known as a pontianak. When a woman dies in childbirth, as a virgin, or as the victim of a pontianak attack, she… …   Encyclopedia of vampire mythology

  • Indonesia — Republic of Indonesia Republik Indonesia …   Wikipedia

  • Indonesia — Republik Indonesia República de Indonesia …   Wikipedia Español

  • Indonesia — Indonésie Republik Indonesia (id) République d Indonésie (fr) …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pontianak — /pon tee ah nahk/, n. a seaport on W Kalimantan (Borneo), in central Indonesia. 150,000. * * * ▪ Indonesia       kotamadya (municipality) and capital, West Kalimantan (Kalimantan Barat) propinsi (province), Borneo, Indonesia. It lies just inland… …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”