Gerhard Kramm

Infobox_Scientist
name = Gerhard Kramm

|140px
image_width = 137px
caption = Dr. Kramm
birth_date = Birth date and age|1946|07|09|mf=y
birth_place = Cologne, Germany
death_date =
death_place =
residence = flagicon|USA United States
nationality = flagicon|USA American
field = Meteorology, Earth System Science
work_institution = University of Alaska Fairbanks
alma_mater = [http://www.fh-koeln.de/fh_www/hochschule/welcome/english.html University of Applied Sciences Cologne] (B.E., 1973), University of Cologne (B.S., 1975; M.S., 1980), Humboldt University of Berlin (Ph.D., 1994)
doctoral_advisor = Karlheinz Bernhardt
doctoral_students =
known_for = biosphere-atmosphere interactions, physics of the planetary boundary layer, atmospheric turbulence, atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric radiation, dimensional analysis
religion =
footnotes =

Gerhard Kramm (born 9 July 1946 in Cologne, Germany) is a naturalized American atmospheric scientist with interests in theoretical meteorology. His work is mainly focused on physics of the planetary boundary layer, atmospheric turbulence and its impact upon atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric radiation, cloud physics, micro- and mesoscale numerical modeling, and climate and climate change. He is one of the 400 scientists listed in a report issued by the Republican minority of the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works entitled [http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.SenateReport "Over 400 Prominent Scientists Disputed Man-Made Global Warming Claims in 2007"] who were said to dispute the theory of anthropogenic global warming.

Background

Kramm earned a B.E. in Industrial Engineering at [http://www.fh-koeln.de/fh_www/hochschule/welcome/english.html University of Applied Sciences Cologne] , Germany, in 1973, a B.S. and a M.S, in Meteorology at University of Cologne, Germany, in 1975 and 1980, respectively He earned a Ph.D. in meteorology at Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany, in 1994 [Marquis Who's Who in the World 2008] [Marquis Who's Who in America 2007] [Marquis Who's Who in Science and Engineering 2008] . Within the framework of his doctoral thesis he investigated the exchange of ozone and highly reactive nitrogen species between the atmosphere and the biosphere [ [http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?DB=local&CNT=10&CMD=10+records+per+page&CMD=lccn+%20%20%2095202046%20 Library of Congress] ] . From 1980 to 1985 he worked as a research and teaching assistant at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Theoretical Meteorology. From 1985 to 1988 he worked as a research scientist at the Industrieanlagen-Betriebsgesellschaft mbH at Ottobrunn, Germany (during that time the joint research and test center for the German air and space industry) where he was mainly engaged in mesoscale meteorological modeling and super computing. From 1988 to 1997 he worked as a research scientist at the Fraunhofer-Institute for Atmospheric Environ¬mental Research at Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. From 1998 to 1999 he was a visiting lecturer at University of Potsdam, Germany, where he taught micrometeorology. From 1999 to 2001 he worked as a research associate at the Materialforschungs- und Prüfungsanstalt für das Bauwesen Leipzig e.V., Germany, mainly engaged in fire safety research. In 2001 he joined the Atmospheric Science Group of the Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF). Since 2003 Kramm has served as an associate faculty at the College of Natural Science and Mathematics, UAF, where he has taught atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric radiation, physics of the atmospheric boundary layer, and turbulence. Since 2005 he has served as a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of the Calcutta Mathematical Society, an international journal dealing with the key advances in Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences. In summer 2007 Kramm served as the lead instructor of the Science Teacher Education Program (STEP) 2007 on Global Climate Change. This program was funded by the Alaska Department of Education and Early Development [ [http://www.gi.alaska.edu/~kramm/ Kramm's homepage] ] .

Climate Change

As can be found in the report of the United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works (Minority) entitled [http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.SenateReport "Over 400 Prominent Scientists Disputed Man-Made Global Warming Claims in 2007"] , Kramm expressed climate skepticism in 2007. "The IPCC would never be awarded by the Nobel Prize in Physics because most of the statements of the IPCC can be assessed as physical misunderstanding and physical misinterpretations," Kramm wrote in a letter to the Associated Press on October 21, 2007. "There is no scientific certainty, even though the Associated Press distributes this message always every day," Kramm wrote in his letter, criticizing the news outlet. "The change in the radiative forcing components since the beginning of the industrial era is so small (2 W m^-2, according to the IPCC 2007) that we have no pyrgeometers (radiometers to measure the infrared radiometer emitted by the earth and the atmosphere) which are able to provide any empirical evidence of such a small change because their degrees of accuracy are too less," he wrote. "By far, most of the IPCC members can be considered, indeed, as members of a Church of Global Warming. They are not qualified enough to understand the physics behind the greenhouse effect and to prove the accuracy of global climate models (see, for instance, the poor publication record of Dr. Rajendra K. Pachauri, the current Chairman of the IPCC). However, in science it would be highly awkward to vote which results are correct and which are wrong," he added. "A decrease of the anthropogenic CO₂ emission to the values below of those of 1990 would not decrease the atmospheric CO₂ concentration. This concentration would increase further, however the increase would be lowering. As illustrated in Slide 38, it might be that the atmospheric CO₂ concentration tends to an equilibrium concentration of somewhat higher than 500 ppmv. Here, equilibrium means that the increase of natural and anthropogenic CO₂ emission is equaled by the uptake of CO₂ by vegetation and ocean," he concluded.

Kramm gave a presentation before the Alaska Climate Impact Assessment Commission in Anchorage on April 12, 2007. The title of his presentation reads "The Climate of Alaska - Facts and Fiction" [ [http://www.housemajority.org/coms/cli/uaf_gerhard_kramm.pdf Slide 1 ] ] . This presentation contains Slide 38 mentioned before.

Selected Publications

Kramm has published more than 60 papers in peer-reviewed journals and books. [ [http://portal.isiknowledge.com/portal.cgi ISI Web of Knowledge^SM] ] [ [http://www.gi.alaska.edu/~kramm/index_files/gkpub.html Kramm's List of publications] ]

* Kramm, G., 2008: Comment to "Recent Climate Observations Compared to Projections" by Rahmstorf et al. [http://arxiv.org/abs/0801.1870]
* Kramm, G., Dlugi, R., Zelger, M., 2007: On the recognition of fundamental physical principles in recent atmospheric-environmental studies [http://arxiv.org/abs/0711.1551v4] .
* Mölders, N., Kramm, G., 2007: Influence of wildfire induced land-cover changes on clouds and precipitation in Interior Alaska - A case study. "Atmospheric Research" 84, 142-168.
* Kramm, G., Herbert, F., 2006: Heuristic derivation of blackbody radiation laws using principles of dimensional analysis. "J. Calcutta Math. Soc." 2 (2) 1-20 [http://arxiv.org/abs/0801.2197v2 ] .
* Kramm, G., Herbert, F., 2006: The structure functions of the velocity and temperature fields from the perspective of dimensional scaling. "Flow, Turbulence, and Combustion" 76, 23-60.
* Kramm, G., Dlugi, R., 2006: On the correction of eddy fluxes of water vapour and trace gases. "J. Calcutta Math. Soc." 2 (1), 29-54.
* Kramm, G., Dlugi, R., Mölders, N., 2004: On the vertically averaged balance equation of atmospheric trace constituents. "Meteorol. Atmos. Phys." 86, 121-141.
* Mölders, N., Haferkorn, U, Döring, J., Kramm, G., 2003: Long-term numerical investigations on the water budget quantities predicted by the hydro-thermodynamic soil vegetation scheme (HTSVS) - part I: Description of the model and impact of long-wave radiation, roots, snow, and soil frost. "Meteorol. Atmos. Phys." 84, 115-135.
* Kramm, G., Meixner, F.X., 2000: On the dispersion of trace species in the atmospheric boundary layer: A re-formulation of the governing equations for the turbulent flow of the compressible atmosphere. "Tellus" 52A, 500-522.
* Stockwell, W.R., Kramm, G., Scheel, H.-E., Mohnen, V.A., Seiler, W., 1997: Ozone formation, destruction and exposure in Europe and United States. In: Sandermann, Jr., H., Wellburn, A.R., Heath, R.L. (eds.), "Forest Decline and Ozone: A Comparison of Controlled Chamber and Field Experiments", Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg/ New York Vol. 127, pp. 1-38 (invited paper).
* Kramm, G., Beier, N., Foken, T., Müller, H., Schröder, P., Seiler, W., 1996: A SVAT scheme for NO, NO₂, and O₃ - Model description and test results. "Meteorol. Atmos. Phys." 61, 89-106.
* Kramm, G., Dlugi, R., Dollard, G.J., Foken, T., Mölders, N., Müller, H., Seiler, W., Sievering, H., 1995: On the dry deposition of ozone and reactive nitrogen species. "Atmos. Environ." 29, 3209-3231.
* Kramm, G.,1995: Zum Austausch von Ozon und reaktiven Stickstoffverbindungen zwischen Atmosphäre und Biosphäre. Dissertation, Fachbereich Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Wissenschafts-Verlag Dr. W. Maraun, Frankfurt/Main, 268 pp. (in German).
* Kramm, G., Dlugi, R., 1994: Modelling of the vertical fluxes of nitric acid, ammonia, and ammonium nitrate in the atmospheric surface layer. "J. Atmos. Chem." 18, 319-357.
* Kramm, G., Beheng, K.-D., Müller, H., 1992: Vertical transport of polydispersed aerosol particles in the atmospheric surface layer. In: Schwartz, S.E., Slinn, W.G.N. (eds.), Precipitation Scavenging and Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Processes, Vol. 2 - The Semonin Vol. Hemisphere Publ., Washington/Philadelphia/London, pp. 1125-1141.

See also

List of scientists opposing global warming consensus

References

External links

* [http://www.gi.alaska.edu/AtmosSci/ Atmospheric Science Group of the Geophysical Institute at UAF]
* [http://www.uaf.edu/asp/ Department of Atmospheric Sciences] of the [http://www.uaf.edu/cnsm/ College of Natural Science and Mathematics] at UAF]
* [http://www.ametsoc.org/amsucar_curricula/ Curricula of the American Meteorological Society and the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research]