Photonovel

A photonovel is a novelization of a film or television episode in much the same format as comic books, but using film stills instead of artwork along with the narrative text and word balloons containing dialogue. [ [http://www.photonovel.ca/ Photonovel.ca ] ] The photonovel concept was most popular in the late 1970s and early 1980s (though some are still published) before the widespread advent of home recording devices such as VCRs. Several popular films and television programs were adapted to the format. [ [http://reflectionsonfilmandtelevision.blogspot.com/2005/11/retro-toy-flashback-16-photonovels.html John Kenneth Muir's Reflections on Film/TV: Retro Toy Flashback # 16: Photonovels ] ]

International Research

In the international research arena, photonovels have served as an empowering tool for marginalized groups to think critically about their realties and then engage in cumulative action to express their political and social realities to wide ranging audiences. Directed, written, acted, and photographed by participants themselves, photonovels have been used in America (Rudd & Comings, 1996), China (Wang & Burris, 1994), Canada (Laura Nimmon, 2007) and South Africa (James and Colleagues, 2005) to create meaning and voice about an issue important to marginalized peoples’ lives. For example, photonovels have been used by Chinese rural workers to create social meaning in order to inform policy, by ESL speaking immigrant women in Canada order to express their health concerns, and in AIDS education interventions; uniquely developed within South Africa by South African people.

Film photonovels

*"Alien" (large format)
*"Buck Rogers in the 25th Century" (1979 film)
*"Can't Stop the Music" (1980 film)
*"The Champ" (1979 film)
*"Charlie's Angels" (2000 film)
*"Close Encounters of the Third Kind" (1977 film)
*"Grease" (1978 film)
*"Hair" (1979 film)
*"Heaven Can Wait" (1978 film)
*"Ice Castles" (1978 film)
*"Invasion of the Body Snatchers" (1978 film)
*"The Lord of the Rings" (1978 film)
*"Love At First Bite" (1979 film)
*"Nightwing" (1979 film)
*"Outland" (large format)
*"Revenge of the Pink Panther" (1979 film)

Television series photonovels

Battlestar Galactica

*"Battlestar Galactica" (Pilot film)

Doctor Who

To be added

The Incredible Hulk

*"The Incredible Hulk"

Mork & Mindy

*"Mork & Mindy"

tar Trek

Twelve "" episodes and two motion pictures were adpated to photonovels, though the episode book blurbs and all related material used the spelling "Fotonovel." [ [http://bullyscomics.blogspot.com/2007/10/to-boldly-go-where-no-screen-capture.html Bully Says: Comics Oughta Be Fun!: To Boldly Go Where No Screen Capture Has Gone Before ] ]

# "The City on the Edge of Forever", published November 1977
# "Where No Man Has Gone Before", published November 1977
# "The Trouble With Tribbles", published December 1977
# "A Taste of Armageddon", published
# "Metamorphosis", published February 1978
# "All Our Yesterdays", published 1978
# "The Galileo Seven", published May 1978
# "A Piece of the Action", published June 1978
# "The Devil in the Dark", published 1978
# "Day of the Dove", published August 1978
# "The Deadly Years", published September 1978
# "Amok Time", published October 1978

*": The Photostory", edited by Richard J. Anobile, published 1980
*": Photostory", by Richard J. Anobile, published 1982

Manga photonovels

To be added

References