War Production Board

War Production Board

The War Production Board (WPB) was established as a government agency on January 16, 1942 by executive order of Franklin D. Roosevelt. The purpose of the board was to regulate the production and allocation of materials and fuel during World War II in the United States. It rationed such things as gasoline, heating oil, metals, rubber, paper ["War and the book trade" "In" Butler, Pierce (ed.) (1945) "Books and libraries in wartime" pp. 88-104, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1349001 OCLC 1349001] ] and plastics. It was dissolved shortly after the defeat of Japan in 1945.

The first chairman of the Board was Donald M. Nelson from 1942 to 1944 followed by Julius A. Krug from 1944 until the Board was dissolved.

Effects

The WPB, along with other wartime committees which regulated spending and production, helped to reduce the potential for economic catastrophe after the close of World War II.Fact|date=June 2007

In 1943, the WPB hired Harvard Business School Professor Thomas North Whitehead to tour the nation and find out how Americans were reacting to rationing and controls. Whitehead reported that "the good temper and common sense of most people under restrictions and vexations was really impressive... My own observation is that most people are behaving like patriotic, loyal citizens."Fact|date=June 2008

Members

*William Beverly Murphy, president and CEO of Campbell Soup Company

oviet penetration

Soviet intelligence penetrated the War Production Board, including several members of the Perlo group and its head Victor Perlo. The Moynihan Commission on Government Secrecy in 1995 referred to this as a serious attack on American security by the Soviet Union, with considerable assistance from an enemy within. The head of the Silvermaster group, Nathan Gregory Silvermaster also penetrated the agency. The following list are American citizens who were engaged in espionage activities on behalf of the Soviet Union while working for the War Production Board. Its code name as deciphered in the Venona project is the "Depot".

* Edward Fitzgerald
* Harold Glasser
* Harry Magdoff, Chief of the Control Records Section of War Production Board and Office of Emergency Management
* Victor Perlo, Chief of the Aviation Section of the War Production Board
* William Remington
* Nathan Gregory Silvermaster

Notes

ources

* [http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0851490.html War Production Board]

ee also

*Board of Economic Warfare
*National War Labor Board
*War Manpower Commission
*Office of Price Administration
*Office of War Mobilization
*FBI Silvermaster File


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • War Production Board — Le War Production Board (WPB, Bureau de la production de guerre) est un organisme créé en 1942 par décret de Franklin D. Roosevelt pour règlementer et répartir la production des matériaux et du combustible pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale aux… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • War Production Board — Das War Production Board (kurz: WPB) war ein Gremium der US amerikanischen Regierung, das 1942 nach dem Kriegseintritt der USA auf Anordnung des Präsidenten Franklin D. Roosevelt gegründet wurde. Zweck der Einrichtung war es, die Ressourcen an… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • War Production Board — (WPB)    Established on 16 January 1942 to replace the Office of Production Management, the WPB was headed by Donald M. Nelson. Empowered to oversee the production and distribution of raw materials and manufactured goods and also to award… …   Historical Dictionary of the Roosevelt–Truman Era

  • War Production Board — U.S. Govt. the board (1942 45) that supervised and regulated the production and sale of matériel essential to the logistics of World War II. Abbr.: WPB, W.P.B. * * * …   Universalium

  • War Production Board — U.S. Govt. the board (1942 45) that supervised and regulated the production and sale of matériel essential to the logistics of World War II. Abbr.: WPB, W.P.B …   Useful english dictionary

  • WAR REFUGEE BOARD — WAR REFUGEE BOARD, a United States government agency established to assist refugees during World War II. In the autumn of 1943, at the initiative of the Emergency Committee to Save the Jewish People of Europe (the Bergson group), members of… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • War Industries Board — The War Industries Board (WIB) was a United States government agency established on July 28, 1917, during World War I, and reorganized in 1918 under the leadership of Bernard M. Baruch. The organization encouraged companies to use mass production …   Wikipedia

  • National War Labor Board — Le National War Labor Board (NWLB Bureau national du travail de guerre) est une institution américaine qui s est mis en place à deux reprises lors de la Première, puis de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Dans les deux cas, il s agissait d organisme… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • National War Labor Board — The National War Labor Board (NWLB) was a federal agency created in April 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson. It was composed of twelve representatives from business and labor, and co chaired by Former President William Howard Taft. Its purpose was …   Wikipedia

  • War Manpower Commission — Photo pour la presse à l occasion de la première réunion de la War Manpower Commission ayant lieu le 6 mai 1942 à l instigation de Paul V. McNutt . La War Manpower Commission était une agence du gouvernement fédéral des États Unis créé pendant la …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”