Trichlormethiazide

Trichlormethiazide

Systematic (IUPAC) name
6-Chloro-3-(dichloromethyl)-1,1-dioxo- 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine- 7-sulfonamide
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Pregnancy cat.	B (D if used to treat pregnancy-induced hypertension)
Legal status	℞ Prescription only
Routes	Oral (capsules, tablets, oral solution)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	Variably absorbed from GI tract
Excretion	Primarily excreted unchanged in urine
Identifiers
CAS number	133-67-5 Y
ATC code	C03AA03
PubChem	CID 5560
DrugBank	DB01021
ChemSpider	5359 N
UNII	Q58C92TUN0 N
KEGG	D00658 N
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1054 N
Chemical data
Formula	C8H8Cl3N3O4S2
Mol. mass	380.6558 g/mol
N(what is this?)  (verify)

Trichlormethiazide (INN, currently being sold under the brand names of Achletin, Diu-Hydrin and Triflumen) is a diuretic with properties similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.^[1] It is usually administered for the treatment of oedema (including that which is associated with heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis and corticosteroid therapy) and hypertension.^[1] In veterinary medicine, trichlormethiazide can be combined with dexamethasone to be used on horses with mild swelling of distal limbs and general bruising.^[2]

Pharmacology

As a diuretic (in particular a thiazide), trichlormethiazide encourages water loss from the body.^[1] Trichlormethiazide works by inhibiting Na⁺/Cl^- ion reabsorption from the distal tubules of the kidneys.^[1] In addition, Trichlormethiazide increases the excretion of potassium.^[1]

Mechanism

Trichlormethiazide appears to block the active reabsorption of chloride and possibly sodium in the ascending loop of Henle. This results in excretion of sodium, chloride and water, and thus acts as a diuretic.^[1] Although trichlormethiazide is used to treat hypertension, its hypotensive effects may not necessarily be due to its role as a diuretic.^[1] Thiazides in general cause vasodilation by activating calcium-activated potassium channels in vascular smooth muscles and inhibiting various carbonic anhydrases in vascular tissue.^[1]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} "DrugBank: DB01021 (Trichlormethiazide)". DrugBank. http://redpoll.pharmacy.ualberta.ca/drugbank/cgi-bin/getCard.cgi?CARD=APRD00031.txt. Retrieved 2008-01-23. 
2. ^ "Trichlormethiazide and Dexamethasone for veterinary use". Wedgewood Pharmacy. http://www.wedgewoodpharmacy.com/monographs/trichlormethiazide.asp. Retrieved 2008-01-24.