Bernard Lugan

Bernard Lugan (born 1946 in Meknès, Morocco) is a contemporary French historian and Associate Professor of African history at Jean Moulin University Lyon 3, in France. He's also teaching at the French Institute of Defense Studies. He has an Academic rank in France as "Maitre de conférences". A specialist of Africa since 1971, he authored many books on the African continent. He was the editor of "L'Afrique réelle".

He studied at the Paris X University Nanterre and edited a thesis (third cycle doctorate) naming "L'Économie d'échange au Rwanda de 1850 à 1914". He also has lived for an extended time in Africa, especially in Rwanda where he has conducted significant research, and has taught African History at the National University of Rwanda. In 1982, he authored a thesis for a state doctorate naming "Entre les servitudes de la houe et les sortilèges de la vache : le monde rural dans l'ancien Rwanda".

Lugan's notable work includes several books on Southern Africa, Morocco and Rwanda including "History of South Africa", "When Africa was German" [ [http://www.frenchpubagency.com/?fuseaction=title.main&tid=375&category_id=11 When Africa was German - notes by Bureau International de l'Edition Française] ] and "African Legacy, Solutions for a Community in Crisis" where he describes how "individualism hasn't replaced preexisting loyalties to clans, groups, and tribes" [ [http://www.intellectualconservative.com/article4009.html Book Review by Steven D. Laib, J.D., M.S.] ] . In this book, he rejects what he calls "the victimization paradigm," which says colonial exploitation and the slave trade brought Africa to its knees, rejects solutions based on Western guilt and claim that a correct interpretation of history is necessary for Africans to "build a future on a more solid foundation" and save an African continent ravaged by famine, economic disaster and civil war. He notably proposes a redrawing of national African frontiers in accordance with ethnic groupings and promote a new type of democracy, more rooted in those native groupings rather than on Western "one man one vote" system.

Bernard Lugan is also an expert witness for the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

Works

*"Le Safari du Kaiser", La Table Ronde, Paris, 1987, 231 p.
*"Huguenots et Français : ils ont fait l'Afrique du Sud", La Table ronde, Paris, 1988, 296 p.
* "History of South Africa", Garzanti Publishing, 1989, 1st éd. : Perrin, coll. « Vérités et légendes », Paris, 1986, 272 p.
* "Afrique : l'histoire à l'endroit", Perrin, coll. « Vérités et légendes », 1989, 285 p. Rééd. : 1996
* "The Last Boer Commando: A French Volunteer in the Anglo-Boer War, 1900-1902", éd. du Rocher, 1989
* "Villebois-Mareuil, le La Fayette de l'Afrique du Sud", éd. du Rocher, 1990
* "When Africa was German", Jean Picollec, coll. « Documents dossiers », Paris, 1990, 267+16 p. ISBN-10: 286477108X
* "Afrique, bilan de la décolonisation", 1st éd. : Perrin, coll. « Vérités et légendes », Paris, 1991, 304 p. Rééd. : 1996
*"La Louisiane française : 1682-1804", Perrin, coll. « Vérités et légendes », Paris, 1994, 273 p. Titre alternatif : "Histoire de la Louisiane française : 1682-1804"
* "Afrique : de la colonisation philanthropique à la recolonisation humanitaire", C. de Bartillat, coll. « Gestes », Étrépilly, 1995, 390 p.
* "The French People Who Made South Africa", Bartillat, coll. « Gestes », Étrépilly, 1996, 430 p. ISBN 2841000869
*"Histoire du Rwanda : de la préhistoire à nos jours", Bartillat, Paris, 1997, 606 p.
*"La guerre des Boers : 1899-1902", éd. Perrin, Paris, 1998, 364+8 p.
*"History of Morocco", éd. Perrin et éd. Critérion, coll. « Pour l'histoire », Paris, 2000, 363 p.
*"Atlas historique de l'Afrique des origines à nos jours", Éd. du Rocher, Paris, Monaco, 2001, 268 p.
*"Histoire de l'Égypte, des origines à nos jours", éd. du Rocher, Paris, Monaco, 2002, 290 p.
*" Douze années de combats judiciaires (1990-2002)", Lyon, Édition de l’Afrique réelle, s.d.
*"African Legacy; Solutions for a Community in Crisis", Carnot, 224p, 2003, ISBN 1592090354.
*"Rwanda : le génocide, l'Église et la démocratie", éd. du Rocher, Paris et Monaco, 2004, 234 p.
*"François Mitterrand, l'armée française et le Rwanda", éd. du Rocher, Paris, Monaco, 2005, 288 p.
*"Rwanda. Contre-enquête sur le génocide", éd. Privat, 2007,

References