Invariant chain

Invariant chain

The invariant chain is a special polypeptide involved in the formation and deliverance of MHC class II protein.

The nascent MHC class II protein in the rough ER has its peptide-binding cleft blocked by the invariant chain (Ii; a trimer) to prevent it from binding cellular peptides or peptides from the exogenous pathway. The invariant chain also facilitates MHC class II's export from the ER in a vesicle. This fuses with a late endosome containing the endocytosed, degraded proteins. It is then broken down in stages, leaving only a small fragment called CLIP which still blocks the peptide binding cleft. An MHC class II-like structure, HLA-DM, removes CLIP and replaces it with a peptide from the endosome. The stable MHC class-II is then presented on the cell surface.

External links

* [http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/immunology/Students/spring2006/McCracken/HLA-DM.html Overview] at Davidson College (student generated)
* [http://www.cryst.bbk.ac.uk/pps97/assignments/projects/coadwell/007.htm School of Crystallography] The Invariant Chain


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