Abū Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdānī

transl|ar|ALA|Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn Aḥmad ibn YaʿQūb al-Hamdānī (c. 893-945, _ar. أبو محمد الحسن بن أحمد بن يعقوب الهمداني) was an Muslim geographer, poet, grammarian, historian, and astronomer, from the city of Hamadan, western Persia/Iran, either of Persian or Kurdish ethnicity. He was one of the best representatives of Islamic culture during the last effective years of the Abbasid caliphate.

The biographic data of al-Hamdani is hardly well-known, despite his extensive scientific work. He was held in repute as a grammarian, wrote much poetry, compiled astronomical tables, devoted most of his life to the study of the ancient history and geography of Arabia, and died in prison in San‘a’, Yemen in 945.

His "Geography of the Arabian Peninsula" ("Sifat Jazirat ul-Arab") is by far the most important work on the subject. After being used in manuscript by A. Sprenger in his "Post- und Reiserouten des Orients" (Leipzig, 1864) and further in his "Alte Geographic Arabiens" (Bern, 1875), it was edited by D.H. Müller (Leiden, 1884; cf. Sprenger's criticism in "Zeitschrift der der Usehen morgenlandischen Gesellschaft", vol. 45, pp. 361-394).

Much has also been written on this work by E. Glaser in his various publications on ancient Arabia. The other great work of Hamdani is the Iklil ("Crown") concerning the genealogies of the Himyarites and the wars of their kings in ten volumes. Of this, part 8, on the citadels and castles of south Arabia, has been edited and annotated by Müller in "Die Burgen und Schlösser Sudarabiens" (Vienna, 1879-1881).

For other works said to have been written by Hamdani see G Flügel's "Die grammatischen Schulen der Araber" (Leipzig, 1862), pp. 220-221.

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* [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9039008 Britannica]