Hippo (philosopher)

Hippo (or Hippon, _el. Ἵππων), was a Presocratic Greek philosopher of the 5th century BC. He is variously described as coming from Rhegium,Hippolytus, i.16] Metapontum, [Censorinus; Claudius Mamertinus] Samos, [Iamblichus] and Croton,"Medical Writings", London Papyrus 137, col. xi. 22-42] and it is possible that there was more than one philosopher with this name.

Although he was a natural philosopher, Aristotle refused to place him among the other great Pre-Socratic philosophers "because of the paltriness of his thought." [Aristotle, "Metaphys". i.3.984a3] At some point Hippo was accused of atheism, but as his works have perished, we cannot judge why. He was accused of impiety by the comic poet Cratinus in his "Panoptae". [PCG F 167 Kassel-Austin = DK 38 A 2]

According to Hippolytus, Hippo held water and fire to be the primary elements, with fire originating from water, and then developing itself by generating the universe. Simplicius, too, says that Hippo thought that water was the principle of all things. [Simplicius, "in Physics", 23.21-24] Most of the accounts of his philosophy suggest that he was interested in biological matters. He thought that there is an appropriate level of moisture in all living things, and disease is caused when the moisture is out of balance. He also viewed the soul as arising from both mind and water. A medieval scholium on Aristophanes' "The Clouds" attributes to Hippo the view that the heavens were like the dome of an oven ( _el. πνιγεὐς) covering the Earth. [Douglas M. MacDowell, (1995), "Aristophanes and Athens: An Introduction to the Plays", page 120. Oxford University Press.]

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