- Instructional theory
Instructional theory is a discipline that focuses on how to structure material for promoting the education of
human beings , particularly youth. Originating in theUnited States in the late 1970s, "instructional theory" is typically divided into two categories: the cognitive and behaviorist schools of thought. Instructional theory was spawned off the 1956 work ofBenjamin Bloom , aUniversity of Chicago professor, and the results of hisTaxonomy of Education Objectives — one of the first modern codifications of the learning process. One of the first instructional theorists wasRobert M. Gagne , who in 1965 published "Conditions of Learning " for the Florida State University's Department of Educational Research.Renowned psychologist
B. F. Skinner 's theories of behavior were highly influential on instructional theorists because their hypotheses can be tested fairly easily with thescientific process . It is more difficult to demonstrate cognitive learning results.Paulo Freire 's "Pedagogy of the Oppressed" had a broad influence over a generation of American educators with his critique of various "banking" models of education and analysis of the teacher-student relationship.Fact|date=April 2008In the context of
e-learning , a major discussion in instructional theory is the potential oflearning object s to structure and deliver content.Fact|date=April 2008 A stand-aloneeducational animation is an example of a learning object that can be re-used as the basis for different learning experiences. There are currently many groups trying to set standards for the development and implementation oflearning object s. At the forefront of the standards groups is the Department of Defense'sAdvanced Distributed Learning initiative with itsSCORM standards.Fact|date=April 2008 SCORM stands for "Shareable Content Object Reference Model."ee also
*Learning theory
*Instructional design
*Instructional technology
*Educational technology
*Teaching method
*Training Within Industry was developed during WWII and is still in use around the worldReferences
*
Paulo Freire , "Pedagogy of the Oppressed". ISBN 0-8264-1276-9.External links
* [http://www.edu-cyberpg.com Educational CyberPlayGround Online Curriculum]
* [http://www.adlnet.org Advanced Distributed Learning]
* [http://www.fsu.edu/~edres Department of Educational Research]
* [http://www.infed.org/encyclopaedia.htm Encyclopaedia of Informal Education]
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