Fiji–United States relations

Fiji-United States relations are bilateral relations between Fiji and the United States. Relations are currently poor, due to the United States' opposition to Fiji's unelected government, which came to power through a military coup in December 2006.

Before the 2006 coup

On 2 March 2005, Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase strongly reacted to a U.S. State Department report criticizing Fiji for practicing racial discriminiation, and for the racial divide between Fiji's two main political parties, the SDL (mostly indigenous Fijian) and the Fiji Labour Party (mostly Indo-Fijian). "Fiji can make a similar report on the US on all those issues. Our report would be far worse than the US State Department's report on Fiji," he said. He went on to rebuke the United States for interfering in Fiji's "domestic affairs."

In an interview with the Fiji Times on 29 May 2005, America's outgoing Ambassador David Lyons renewed his country's criticism of Fijian policies by criticizing the Qarase government's proposed Reconciliation and Unity Commission. Lyons expressed concern that its provisions for amnesty for persons convicted of involvement in the coup d'etat that overthrew the elected government in 2000 would encourage further coups in the future. "If a democratic society doesn't make it clear that the violent over-throw of its elected leaders is a crime against that society, I have to think that it is inviting future upheaval," he said. He also condemned statements of public figures predicting coups if they, their party, or their race is not successful in the next parliamentary election, saying that such threats were "absolutely despicable in a free, democratic society" and constituted "the worst form of scaremongering."

Lyons said that the amnesty for perpetrators of the 1987 coups had been an error of judgement and had set a precedent which could negatively affect the future unless stopped now. He concurred with statements made by a number of Fijian politicians, including deposed Prime Minister Mahendra Chaudhry and Senator Adi Koila Nailatikau, that a coup culture had taken root in Fiji. He warned that tourism, which forms the mainstay of the Fijian economy, would be adversely impacted by any further instability. He believed, he said, that the Qarase government was sincere in its commitment to democracy, and acknowledged positive steps taken by the government to restore the rule of law. He added a word of caution, however: "All of these positive steps ... will vanish in an instant if there is another coup or sufficient political upheaval questioning the legitimacy of future elections."

On 12 July, however, Lyons cautioned the Fijian Military against using the legislation as a pretext for a coup d'état. Their concern over the proposed law was understandable, he said, but it did warrant the overthrow of the government. "Extra constitutional action against a duly elected democratic government ... is unacceptable," he said. A coup would be detrimental not only to Fiji, but to the entire Pacific region, Lyons said.

After the 2006 coup

The United States suspended $2.5 million in aid money pending a review of the situation, following the 2006 coup. [cite news|url=http://today.reuters.com/news/articlenews.aspx?type=topNews&storyID=2006-12-05T191720Z_01_SP305135_RTRUKOC_0_US-FIJI.xml&WTmodLoc=NewsHome-C1-topNews-6 |publisher=Reuters |date=2006-12-05 |title=Fiji military stages coup, U.S. suspends aid]

The United States has not recognized the interim government established by the country's December 5, 2006 coup. Although the United States provides relatively little direct bilateral development assistance, it contributes as a major member of a number of multilateral agencies such as the Asian Development Bank and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. The U.S. Peace Corps, temporarily withdrawn from Fiji in 1998, resumed its program in Fiji in late 2003.

Fiji's response to its deteriorating relations with the United States and other Western countries has been to turn to Asia for new political and economic partners. In July 2007, Fiji's Interim Finance Minister Mahendra Chaudhry outlined his country's "Look North" foreign policy::“Fiji has friends in China, it has friends in Korea, it has friends in […] other Asian countries. We’re no longer relying on Australia and New Zealand. And in any event, the United States was not doing much for Fiji anyway.” [ [http://www.niufm.com/?t=3&View=FullStory&newsID=2162 "Chaudhry breaks silence to slag New Zealand"] , NiuFM, July 9, 2007]

The previous month, Interim Prime Minister Voreqe Bainimarama, the author of the 2006 coup, had called upon the international community to normalise its relations with Fiji, following his pledge to restore democracy by 2009. [ [http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=33075 "Fiji interim government says it might be able to hold elections by early 2009"] , Radio New Zealand International, June 19, 2007]

In December 2007, one year after the coup, Fiji's embassy in Washington stated that it wished to promote "good relations between Fiji and the United States of America". [ [http://www.fijiembassydc.com/default.asp?contentID=770 "Embassy Works to Cultivate Good Relations Between the US and Fiji"] , Fiji embassy in the United States, December 21, 2007]

In May 2008, the United States embassy in Suva issued the following statement: "The United States continues to condemn the military coup and the Interim Government’s actions to suppress the freedom of speech of those in the media." [ [http://suva.usembassy.gov/05-02-08.html "United States Strong Concern About Hannah expulsion"] , US embassy in Fiji, May 2, 2008]

In October, Fiji's High Court ruled that the interim government was not illegal, as it had been appointed by the President, who had acted within the lawful provisions of his authority. Following the ruling, Fiji’s interim attorney-general, Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum, called upon Australia, New Zealand, the European Union and the United States to lift the sanctions they had imposed on the country, stating that they could no longer refuse to recognise the interim government. [ [http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=42433 "Fiji interim regime urges cooperation now that coup has been declared legal"] , Radio New Zealand International, October 9, 2008] The United States government responded that it did not intend to alter its position, and that the "suspension of certain US assistance to the Fiji government under section 508 of the foreign operations appropriations act will remain in place, until the President or Secretary of State determines that Fiji has made measurable progress toward the restoration of democratic rule". [ [http://www.radiofiji.com.fj/fullstory.php?id=15103 "US reaffirms it's (sic) stand for Fiji"] , Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, October 10, 2008]

Principal officials at the U.S. embassy

* Ambassador--Larry M. Dinger
* Deputy Chief of Mission--Ted A. Mann
* Political/Economic/Commercial Affairs--Brian J. Siler
* Consul--Debra J. Towry
* Management Officer--Ila S. Jurisson
* Regional Environmental Officer--Joseph P. Murphy
* Regional Security Officer--Jim T. Suor

Principal officials at the Fiji embassy

* Chargé d'Affairesndash Penijamini Ravulolo Tuikubulau Lomaloma
* Second Secretaryndash Cheryl Brown-Irava

Diplomatic missions

The U.S. Embassy in Fiji is located in Suva. Fiji maintains an embassy in Washington DC, as well as a Permanent Mission in New York at the United Nations. Fiji also maintains honorary consulates in Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago and Dallas. [ [http://www.fijiembassydc.com/default.asp?contentID=516 "Honorary Consuls"] , Fiji embassy]

Fiji's embassy to the United States is accredited to Canada and Mexico. The United States' embassy to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga and Tuvalu.

External links

* [http://www.fijiembassydc.com/default.asp Official website of Fiji's embassy in the United States]
* [http://suva.usembassy.gov/ Official website of the United States' embassy in Fiji]

See also

* Foreign relations of the United States
* Foreign relations of Fiji

References

StateDept [http://www.state.gov/r