Caesium hydroxide

Caesium hydroxide
Caesium hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS number 21351-79-1 YesY
ChemSpider 56494 YesY
EC-number 244-344-1
UN number 2682
ChEBI CHEBI:33988 YesY
RTECS number FK9800000
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula CsOH
Molar mass 149.912 g/mol
Appearance Whitish-yellow deliquescent crystals
Density 3.675 g/cm3
Melting point

342.3 °C

Solubility in water 300 g/100 mL at 30 °C
Solubility Soluble in ethanol[1]
Basicity (pKb) 1.76
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of
formation
ΔfHo298
−416.2 kJ·mol-1
Standard molar
entropy
So298
104.2 J·K−1·mol−1
Specific heat capacity, C 69.9 J·mol-1·K-1[2]
Hazards
MSDS ICSC 1592
EU Index Not listed
Flash point Non flammable
Related compounds
Other anions Caesium oxide
Caesium fluoride
Other cations Lithium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Rubidium hydroxide
 YesY hydroxide (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Caesium hydroxide (CsOH) is a chemical compound consisting of an atom of caesium and a hydroxide group (also known as hydroxyl). It is a powerful base, much like other alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. In fact, caesium hydroxide is powerful enough to quickly corrode through glass.

Due to its high reactivity, caesium hydroxide is extremely hygroscopic. Laboratory caesium hydroxide is typically a hydrate.

It is an anisotropic etchant of silicon, exposing octahedral planes. This technique can form pyramids and regularly shaped etch pits for uses such as Microelectromechanical systems. It is known to have a higher selectivity to etch highly p-doped silicon than the more commonly used potassium hydroxide.

However, this compound is not usually used in experiments as the extraction of caesium is very expensive and the fact that it behaves very much like rubidium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide although it is more reactive than they are.

Caesium hydroxide can be obtained by the following chemical reaction:

2 Cs + 2 H2O → 2 CsOH + H2

The above reaction occurs explosively with enough force to shatter a Pyrex beaker. Caesium metal will react with ice above −116 °C.

References

  1. ^ Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 4–51, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2 
  2. ^ Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 5–14, ISBN 0-8493-0594-2 

External links


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