Pupillary response

Pupillary response

Pupillary response or dilation of the pupil is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil of the eye via the iris dilator muscle. It can have a variety of causes. It may be an involuntary reflex reaction to exposure to light. Or it may indicate interest in the subject of attention or indicate sexual stimulation. [Citation
last1 = Hess | first1 = Eckhard H.
author1-link = Eckhard Hess
last2 = Polt | first2 = James M.
author2-link = James Polt
title = Pupil Size as Related to Interest Value of Visual Stimuli
journal = Science
volume = 132
issue = 3423
pages = 349
date = 5 August 1960
year = 1960
doi = 10.1126/science.132.3423.349
] The pupils contract immediately before someone falls asleep. [Citation
last1 = Lowenstein | first1 = Otto
author1-link = Otto Lowenstein
last2 = Feinberg | first2 = Richard
author2-link = Richard Feinberg
last3 = Loewenfeld | first3 = Irene E.
author3-link = Irene Loewenfeld
title = Pupillary Movements During Acute and Chronic Fatigue: A New Test for the Objective Evaluation of Tiredness
journal = Investigative Ophthalmology
publisher = C.V. Mosby Company
place = St. Louis
volume = 2
issue = 2
pages = 138-157
date = April 1963
year = 1963
url = http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS75010
]

A pupillary response can be intentionally conditioned as a Pavlovian response to some stimulus. [cite paper
last = Baker
first = Lynn Erland
authorlink = Lynn Baker
title = The Pupillary Response Conditioned to Subliminal Auditory Stimuli
publisher = Ohio State University
date = 1938
year = 1938
url = http://worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/6894644
]

The "latency" of pupillary response (the time in which it takes to occur) increases with age. [Citation
last1 = Podolak | first1 = Edward
author1-link = Edward Podolak
last2 = Feinberg | first2 = Richard
author2-link = Richard Feinberg
title = Latency of pupillary reflex to light stimulation and its relationship to aging
url = http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS78702
publisher = Federal Aviation Agency, Office of Aviation Medicine, Georgetown Clinical Research Institute
pages = 12
date = September 1965
year = 1965
oclc = 84657376
]

In ophthalmology, intensive studies of pupillary response are conducted via videopupillometry. [Citation
last1 = Ishikawa | first1 = S.
last2 = Naito | first2 = M.
last3 = Inaba | first3 = K.
title = A new videopupillography
journal = Ophthalmologica
volume = 160
issue = 4
pages = 248-259
date = 1970
year = 1970
]

ee also

*Dilated fundus examination
*Iris dilator muscle
*Iris sphincter muscle
*Mydriasis
*Miosis
*Pupillary light reflex
*Pupilometer

References


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  • Pupillary light reflex — The pupillary light reflex is the reduction of pupil size in response to light.The pattern of pupillary response to light can help determine which of the cranial nerves is damaged. TypesThere are two types of response assessed for each eye:cite… …   Wikipedia

  • Pupillary reflex — refers to one of the reflexes associated with pupillary function. Types include: Pupillary light reflex Accommodation reflex Although pupillary dilation is not usually called a reflex , it is still usually considered a part of this topic.… …   Wikipedia

  • pupillary reflex — n the contraction of the pupil in response to light entering the eye * * * the reflex change in the size of the pupil according to the amount of light entering the eye. Bright light reaching the retina stimulates nerves of the parasympathetic… …   Medical dictionary

  • pupillary reflex — noun reflex contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris in response to a bright light (or certain drugs) causing the pupil to become smaller • Syn: ↑light reflex, ↑miosis, ↑myosis • Derivationally related forms: ↑myotic (for: ↑myosis), ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

  • pupillary — Relating to the pupil. p. light near dissociation a stronger near pupil response than light response; due to weak pupillomotor input, Argyll Robertson pupil, dorsal midbrain syndrome, or to misdirection of …   Medical dictionary

  • Consensual response — A Consensual response is any reflex observed on one side of the body when the other side has been stimulated. For example, if an individual s right eye is shielded and light shines into the left eye, constriction of the right pupil will occur, as …   Wikipedia

  • reflex response — noun an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus • Syn: ↑reflex, ↑reflex action, ↑instinctive reflex, ↑innate reflex, ↑inborn reflex, ↑unconditioned reflex, ↑physiological reaction …   Useful english dictionary

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  • Marcus Gunn pupil — Classification and external resources The left optic nerve and the optic tracts. A Marcus Gunn pupil indicates an afferent defect, usually at the level of the retina or optic nerve. Moving a bright light from the unaffected eye to the affect …   Wikipedia

  • Pupilometer — is the name used for two different devices one that measures the distance between pupils, and one that measures the pupil s response to visual stimuli. Pupillary distance measurement In the most common sense, a Pupilometer is a tool for measuring …   Wikipedia

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