216th Infantry Division (Germany)

216th Infantry Division (Germany)

Infobox Military Unit
unit_name= 216th Infantry Division


caption=
dates= 26 August 1939 - 17 November 1943
country= flagicon|Germany|Nazi Germany
allegiance=
branch= Army ("das deutsche Heer")
type= 3rd Mobilization Wave Infantry Division (Infanterie-Division "Alter Art")
size= 9 Battalions, 17,200 men total
battles= Defense of the Westwall 1939 - 1940
Invasion of Holland June 1940
Defense Along French Channel Coast July 1940 - December 1941
Eastern Front December 1941 - November 1943: Briansk, Yuchnov, Rshev, Orel, Spas-Demensk, Battle of Kursk, Gomel, Retreat to the Dnieper River Line |deactivated = deactivated 17 November 1943

The 216th Infantry Division was created on 26 August 1939 by reorganizing several Border Defense and Army Reserve units from Lower Saxony, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Hannover. Organized under the pre-war infantry division "alter Art," structure, it consisted of three 3-battalion infantry regiments, an artillery regiment of four battalions, a combat engineer battalion, a signal battalion, and a antitank defense battalion, as well as division services. Total strength was approximately 17,200 men.

The 216th Infantry Division did not participate in the Invasion of Poland, since it was occupying defensive positions in the Ardennes Forest along the Westwall. It did take part in the invasion of the Low Countries and France in May and June 1940. When Operation Barbarossa, the Invasion of the Soviet Union, began on June 22, 1941, the Division was performing occupation duties in France along the Channel Coast.

Following the success of the Soviet winter counteroffensive of December 1941, the Division was rushed to the Eastern Front as reinforcement and was soon split into several smaller battlegroups urgently needed for defending key localities. One of these battlegroups, formed from the 348th Infantry Regiment, was surrounded by the Soviet 10th Army in January 1942, outside of the town of Sukhinitchi. Against all odds, the regiment managed to hold out for months until relief forces arrived.

Thereafter followed over a year of positional warfare in Army Group Center, where the division took part in battles at Rshev, Briansk, Orel, Spass Demensk, and Gomel. In July 1943, the 216th Infantry Division participated in the Battle of Kursk, where it sustained heavy casualties while fighting on the northern shoulder of the Kursk salient as part of Generalfeldmarschall Model's Ninth Army.

The division was disbanded on 17 November 1943 after suffering heavy casualties during the retreat to the Dnieper River Defensive Line. The division staff, most of Grenadier Regiment 348, the Artillery Regiment, Combat Engineer Battalion and supply units were moved to Belgium, where they were used to form the framework for the new 272nd Infantry Division. Most of the combat troops remained behind in the Soviet Union and were grouped into Divisions-Group 216, formed on 12 November 1943 and assigned to the 102nd Infantry Division.

Commanding officers

*Generalleutnant Hermann Böttcher 26 August 1939
*Generalleutnant Kurt Himer 8 September 1940
*General der Infanterie Werner Freiherr von und zu Gilsa, 1 April 1941
*General der Infanterie Friedrich-August Schack, 7 May 1943
*Generalleutnant Egon von Neindorff, 3 October 1943
*Generalmajor Gustav Gihr, 20 October 1943

Order of Battle

Division Headquarters

Infantry Regiment 348

Infantry Regiment 396

Infantry Regiment 398

Artillery Regiment 216

Panzerabwehr/Schnelle Abteilung 216

Pionier (Combat Engineer) Battalion 216

Infantry-Nachrichten Abteilung 216

Infantry-Division Nachschubfuehrer 216

Feldersatz Battalion 216

See also

* Division (military), Military unit, List of German divisions in WWII
* Heer, Wehrmacht
* 272nd Infantry Division
* 272nd Volksgrenadier Division

References

* Jenner, Martin: Die niedersächsiche 216./272. Infanterie-Division 1939-1945. (Nauheim: Podzun-Pallas Verlag, 1964)
* Wendel, Marcus (2004). " [http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=3828 216. Infanterie-Division] ".
* [http://www.lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de/Gliederungen/Infanteriedivisionen/216ID.htm 216. Infanterie-Division] ". German language article at www.lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de. Retrieved March 17, 2008.


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