John Cacioppo

Infobox Scientist

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image_width = 150px
name = John Cacioppo
birth_date = 1951
birth_place = Marshall, Texas, USA
death_date =
death_place =
residence = Chicago, Illinois
nationality = flagicon|USA American
field = Social Psychology, Biological Psychology & Social Neuroscience
work_institution = University of Chicago (professor)
alma_mater = Ohio State University, Ohio; USA
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
known_for = Co-Founder of Social Neuroscience
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

John T. Cacioppo is the Tiffany and Margaret Blake Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago,cite web
title = Department of Pyschology, People: John T. Cacioppo
publisher = University of Chicago
url = http://pyschology.uchicago.edu/people/faculty/cacioppo/index.shtml
accessdate = 2008-03-18] . He is on the Board of Directors of the Association for Psychological Science and in 2007 he was elected president.cite web
title = Board of Directors
publisher = Association for Psychological Science
url = http://www.pyschologicalscience.org/about/board.cfm
accessdate = 2008-03-18] He founded and is Director of the University of Chicago Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience. He is a member of the Department of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, the College, and the Neuroscience Institute and an internationally recognized expert on social neuroscience.

Background

Cacioppo obtained a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from Ohio State University in 1977. He has been elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Society of Experimental Psychologists, the Society of Experimental Social Psychology, and a Distinguished Member of Psi Chi. He is a Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, and member of the American Psychological Association, American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Academy of Behavioral Medicine Research, World Innovation Foundation, International Organization of Psychophysiology, Society for Personality and Social Psychology, and the Society of Behavioral Medicine.

He has received the Distinguished Scientific Award for an early career Contribution to Psychophysiology, an honorary Doctor of Science degree from Bard College, the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association, the Troland Research Award from the National Academy of Sciences, the Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions to Psychophysiology from the Society for Psychophysiological Research, the Donald Campbell Award from the Society for Personality and Social Psychology and the Patricia R. Barchas Award from the American Psychosomatic Society. He was the keynote speaker at the 2002 Annual Meeting of the Association for Psychological Science.

In the late 1970s Cacioppo collaborated with Richard Petty to develop the elaboration likelihood model of attitudes and persuasion and began investigations of individual differences in cognitive motivation. They also examined the social and biological influences on mind and behavior. A decade later, Cacioppo began working with Gary Berntson to pioneer a new field they called Social neuroscience.cite book
last = Cacioppo
first = John
authorlink = John Cacioppo
coauthors = Bernston, Gary
title = Social Neuroscience: Key Readings (Key Readings in Social Psychology)
publisher = Psychology Press Ltd
date = 2005-01-27
isbn = 978-1841690995 ] This led to an expansion of Cacioppo’s research examining how personal relationships get under the skin to affect Social cognition and emotions, personality processes, biology, and health. By employing brain scans, monitoring of autonomic and neuroendocrine processes, and assays of immune function, he found the overpowering influence of social context — a factor so strong that it can alter genetic expression in white blood cells. The work further showed how the subjective sense of social isolation (loneliness) uniquely disrupts our perceptions, behavior, and physiology, becoming a trap that not only reinforces isolation, but can lead to early death. In 2004, he and William Patrick began a collaboration that led to their book, "Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection", which makes the case that social cooperation is, in fact, humanity’s defining characteristic. Cacioppo, together with Louise Hawkley, Jean Decety, Howard Nusbaum, and Gary Berntson, continue to investigate the biological mechanisms involved in social perception, cognition, emotion, and behavior.cite book
last = Shah
first = James
coauthors = Gardner, Wendi
title = Handbook of motivation science
publisher = The Guilford Press
date = 2007-10-25
pages = 188-200
isbn = 978-1593855680 ] cite journal
last = Cacioppo
first = John
authorlink = John Cacioppo
coauthors = Norris, C; Decety J; Monteleone G; Nusbaum H
title = In the eye of the beholder: Individual differences in perceived social isolation predict regional brain activation to social stimuli
journal = Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
publisher = MIT Press
accessdate = 2008-03-19] cite journal
last = Cacioppo
first = John
authorlink = John Cacioppo
coauthors = Cole, Steve; Hawkley, Louise; Arevalo, Jesusa; Sung, Caroline; Rose, Robert
title = Social regulation of gene expression in human leukocytes
journal = Genome Biology
volume = 8
issue = 9
publisher = Biomed Central Ltd
date = September, 2007
url = http://genomebiology.com/2007/8/9/R189
doi = 10.1186/gb-2007-8-9-r189
accessdate = 2008-03-19
pages = R189]

ocial neuroscience

Social neuroscience is the new discipline that examines the associations between social and neural levels of organizations and the biological mechanisms underlying these associations. Neuroscientists have tended to focus on single organisms, organs, cells, or intracellular processes. Social species create emergent organizations beyond the individual, however, and these emergent structures evolved hand in hand with neural and hormonal mechanisms to support them because the consequent social behaviors helped animals survive, reproduce, and care for offspring sufficiently long that they too reproduced. Social neuroscience, therefore, is concerned with how biological systems implement social processes and behavior, capitalizing on concepts and methods from the neuroscience to inform and refine theories of social psychological processes, and using social and behavioral concepts and data to inform and refine theories of neural organization and functioncite journal
last = Cacioppo
first = John
authorlink = John Cacioppo
coauthors = Amaral, David; Blanchard, Jack; Cameron, Judy; Carter, Sue; Crews, David; Fiske, Susan; Heatherton, Todd; Johnson, Marcia; Kozak, Michael; Levenson, Robert; Lord, Catherine; Miller, Earl; Ochsner, Kevin; Raichle, Marcus; Shea, M. Tracie; Taylor, Shelley; Young, Larry; Quinn, Kevin
title = Social Neuroscience: Progress and Implications for Mental Health
journal = Perspectives on Psychological Science
volume = 2
issue = 2
pages = 99–123
publisher = Blackwell Synergy
date = June, 2007
url = http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00032.x?cookieSet=1&journalCode=ppsc
doi = 10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00032.x
accessdate = 2008-03-19.] John Cacioppo and Gary Berntson are the founding fathers of social neuroscience. [Cacioppo, J.T., & Berntson, G.G. (1992). Social psychological contributions to the decade of the brain: doctrine of multilevel analysis. American Psychologist, 47, 1019-1028.] [Cacioppo, J.T. (2002). Social neuroscience: understanding the pieces fosters understanding the whole and vice versa. American Psychologist, 57, 819-831.]

Bibliography

Co-author

*"Attitudes and Persuasion: Classic and Contemporary Approaches (1981)"
*"Communication and Persuasion: Central and Peripheral Routes to Attitude Change (1986)"
*"Emotional Contagion - Studies in Emotion and Social Interaction (1993)"
*"Social Neuroscience: Key Readings in Social Psychology (2004)"
*"Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection (2008)"

Editor

*"Perspectives in Cardiovascular Psychophysiology (1982)"
*"Social Psychophysiology: A Sourcebook (1983)"
*"Principles of Psychophysiology: Physical, Social and Inferential Elements (1990)"
*"Foundations in Social Neuroscience (2002)"
*"Essays in social neuroscience (2004)"
*"Social Neuroscience: People Thinking About Thinking People (2005)"
*"Handbook of Psychophysiology (2007)"

References

ee also

* Biological psychology
* Affective neuroscience
* Social psychology
* Social neuroscience

External links

* [http://ccsn.uchicago.edu/ University of Chicago Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience]
* [http://home.uchicago.edu/~decety/ University of Chicago Social Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory]
* [http://psychology.uchicago.edu/people/faculty/cacioppo/lab.shtml University of Chicago Social Neuroscience Laboratory]
* [http://psychology.uchicago.edu/ University of Chicago Department of Psychology]
* [http://scienceofloneliness.com/ Science of Loneliness]