Tammun

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Tammun's modern history extends to the 1400s. The town was founded by a groups of Bedouins from the Arabian Peninsula seeking to find a safe location in Palestine with a view of other nearby localities. Over the past four centuries, Arabs from the towns of Kafr Qaddum and Halhul have settled in the town. The town's name derives from the Arabic word "tammen", meaning "quiet". [http://proxy.arij.org/tubas/static/localities/profiles/116_profile.pdf Tammun Village Profile] Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem.]

Geography and climate

Tammun stands at an elevation of 332 meters above sea level. It is five kilometers south of Tubas, twenty-three kilometers northeast of Nablus, and bordered by Far'a and Wadi al-Far'a to the west and an-Naseriya to the south.

The town's total land area is about 81,000 dunams, accounting for more than 15% of the Tubas Governorate's jurisdiction. About 1,519 dunams are designated as 'built up' area, while 79,481 dunams are used for agricultural purposes, are covered by forests or are classified as closed-off areas controlled by the Israel Defense Forces. [ [http://proxy.arij.org/tubas/static/localities/factsheets/116_factsheet.pdf Tammun Fact Sheet] Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem.]

The average temperature in Tammun is 20 degrees Celsius. The town receives an average annual rainfall of 331 millimeters and the average humidity rate is 57%.

Demographics

According to the 1997 census by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Tammun had a population of 7,640, of which 3,771 were males and 3,869 were females. The age distribution of town's inhabitants was 45% under the age of 15, 49.9% between the ages of 15 and 4.6% were above the age of 65.

According to the PCBS, Tammun had a population of 10,440 inhabitants in mid-year 2006. The growth of inhabitants from 1997 and 2005 was 32.1%. Its population constituted over 21% of the entire population of the Tubas Governorate, making it the second largest city after Tubas.Tammun's residents generally are from two Arab families: Bani Odeh and Bsharat.

Economy

Prior to the 1967 Six-Day War, Tammun's residents mostly relied on farming and raising livestock. Since 1967 to the First Intifada, work has shifted to Israel where many laborers were employed. The Palestinian National Authority, which gained civil control over Tammun in 1995, has provided more job opportunities in the public sector and trade. After the outbreak of the Second Intifada in 2000, labor shifted once again to agriculture.

Currently, 50% work in agriculture, 35% work in the Israeli labor market, 10% in services, 2% in construction and 3% in trade. In 2006, there were 212 shops, eight restaurants, a wheat mill, a pickle factory and other industries such as cheese and jam production. In 1997, Tammun's labor force made up 67% of the town's population. However, 66.3% were non-economically active. Women constituted 34% of the labor force. Tammun's average income dropped from 1,500 NIS before 2000 to 600 NIS in 2004 — a decrease of 60%.

Tammun has a total of 25,000 dunams of cultivated land, of which 4,166 are grown with fruit orchards, 3,560 for field crops, 600 dunams for vegetables and 120 are used for greenhouses. According to the Palestinian Ministry of Agriculture, Tammun produces five tonnes of olives, 3,500 tonnes of vegetables and 2,500 tonnes of field crops per annum. Around 10% of Tammun's residents own livestock which consists of 137 herds of cattle, 480 goats, 5,250 sheep, 37,000 poultry and 138 beehives for honey.

Government

Tammun was transferred to the Palestinian National Authority on November 11, 1995 and was originally governed by a village council. [ [http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/chronology/19941995.htm Palestine Facts; 1994-1995] Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs.] Since 1997, Tammun has been governed by a municipal council with fifteen elected members, including the mayor. The municipality is in charge of Tammun's administration, planning and development, social services, infrastructural maintenance, utilities, solid waste collection and issuing of building licenses. In the 2005 Palestinian municipal elections, Muhammad Ahmad Bsharat was elected mayor. [ [http://www.nablus.org/en/htm/guide/Municipalities.htm Municipalities] Nablus Municipality Guide.]

Education

In 1997, 84.3% of Tammun's population over the age of 10 was literate. Women made up 80% of the illiterate residents. About 17% of the population over the age of 18 had completed their secondary and high school education, 20% completed primary and secondary education and 27.2% completed just their primary education.

There are seven schools and six kindergartens in the town, all administered by the Education Minister of the Palestinian National Authority. Of the seven schools, three were all-male schools, two were all women and two were co-ed. In 2004-05, 3,091 students were enrolled in these schools. There was a total of 395 children in Tammun's kindergartens.

References