# Poly1305-AES

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Poly1305-AES

Poly1305-AES is a cryptographic message authentication code (MAC) written by Daniel J. Bernstein. As such, it may be used to simultaneously verify both the "data integrity" and the "authenticity" of a message.

Description

Poly1305-AES computes a 128-bit (16 bytes) authenticator of a variable-length message, using a 128-bit AES key, a 106-bit additional key, and a 128-bit nonce. The name is derived from the use of the prime number 2130 - 5 and the Advanced Encryption Standard.

ecurity

The security of Poly1305-AES is very close to the underlying AES block cipher algorithm. As a result, the only way for an attacker to break Poly1305-AES is to break AES.

:"For instance, assuming that messages are packets up to 1024 bytes; that the attacker sees $2^\left\{64\right\}$ messages authenticated under a Poly1305-AES key; that the attacker attempts a whopping $2^\left\{75\right\}$ forgeries; and that the attacker cannot break AES with probability above $delta$; then, with probability at least $0.999999-delta$, all the $2^\left\{75\right\}$ are rejected" [http://cr.yp.to/mac/poly1305-20050329.pdf "The Poly1305-AES message-authentication code"] , Daniel J. Bernstein] .

Poly1305-AES offers also cipher replaceability. If anything does go wrong with AES, it can be substituted with identical security guarantee.

peed

Poly1305-AES can be computed at high speed in various CPUs: for an n-byte message, no more than 3.1n+780 Athlon cycles are needed, for example. The author has released optimized implementations for Athlon, Pentium Pro/II/III/M, PowerPC and UltraSPARC, in addition to non-optimized reference implementations in C and C++.

* [http://cr.yp.to/mac.html "Poly1305-AES"]
* [http://cr.yp.to/mac/poly1305-20050329.pdf "Poly1305-AES paper"] , complete specification, discussion of security bounds and details on implementation.
* [http://cr.yp.to/mac.html#use "Public domain Poly1305 library"]

References

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

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