Jalalabad

Infobox Settlement
official_name =Jalalkot (Jalalabad)
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native_name =جلال اباد
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image_caption = View of an area in Jalalabad in April 2004


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pushpin_label_position =bottom
pushpin_map_caption =Location in Afghanistan
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = flag|Afghanistan
subdivision_type1 = Province
subdivision_name1 = Nangarhar Province
subdivision_type2 = District
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population_as_of =2006
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population_total =168,600
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latd=34|latm=31 |lats= |latNS=N
longd=70|longm=31|longs=|longEW=E
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elevation_m = 553
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Jalalabad (Jalalkot) (Pashto: جلالکوټ، جلال اباد) is a city in eastern Afghanistan. Located at the junction of the Kabul and Kunar rivers near the Laghman valley, Jalalabad is the capital of Nangarhar province. It is linked by approximately convert|90|mi|km of highway with Kabul to the west and about the same distance to Peshawar in Pakistan to the east. Its population is a mixture of Pashtun and the Dari-speaking Tajiks/Farsiwans. Sunni Islam forms the religion of a solid majority of the population. The Turi Pashtuns and Dari-speaking Kizilbash/Qizilbash inhabitants practice the Shia form of Islam. These, however, suffered immensely under the Wahabbi Taliban government, and were dispersed. [http://www.bartleby.com/65/ja/Jalalaba.html Jalalabad] , Columbia University" (retrieved 28 March 2008).]

Jalalabad/Jalalkot is the largest city of east Afghanistan as well as its social and business center. Major industries include papermaking as well agricultural products including oranges, rice, and sugarcane. The city was a major center of Greco-Buddhist culture in the past until it was conquered by Muslim Turks by the 10th century. The modern city gained prominence during the reign of the Mughal emperor Babur. Invaded on numerous occasions, the city fell to the British in 1842 during the First Anglo-Afghan War. Today the city is being rebuilt under NATO and UN direction after decades of war and has been receiving an influx of returning refugees largely from Pakistan.

History

The original name of Jalalabad was Adinapur .

In 630 Xuan Zang, the famous Chinese Buddhist monk, arrived in Jalalabad and considered himself to have reached Hindustan. However, the modern city of Jalalabad was built by Jalal-uddin Mohammad Akbar, the third ruler of Mughal Empire.

Seraj-ul-Emarat, the residence of Amir Habibullah and King Amanullah was destroyed in 1929; the other sanctuaries however, retain vestiges of the past and offer a peaceful afternoon's crunch. The mausoleum of both rulers is enclosed by a garden facing Seraj-ul-Emart.

The Provincial Reconstruction Team of the International Security Assistance Force at Jalalabad is led by the US.

Modern Development

There has been proposals for the establishment of Afghanistan's first rail network linking Jalalabad with Pakistan's vast and extensive rail service allowing for increased trade of goods, people and commerce between the two countries. An improvement in the road networks between the Jalalabad leading into Peshawer, Pakistan has also been proposed, with the intention of widening the existing road and improving security to attract more tourism and allow for safer passage of goods between to the two countries.

The international community has re-surfaced the road link between Jalalabad and the capital Kabul reducing the transit time between these two important cities.

Trivia

* Jalalabad is featured as a map on the PC game Battlefield 2 as "Road to Jalalabad".

ister cities

References

See also

*Afghanistan
*Gul Agha Sherzai
*Jalalabad Airport
*Provincial Reconstruction Team
*International Security Assistance Force
*Jalalkot, Afghanistan

External links

* [http://www.flickr.com/photos/kimberlytherese/421677505/in/set-72157594578147607/ Images of Jalalabad]