Kyoto machi-bugyō

Kyoto machi-bugyō

were officials of the Tokugawa shogunate in Edo period Japan. Appointments to this prominent office were usually "fudai" daimyō, but this was amongst the senior administrative posts open to those who were not daimyō.Beasley, William G. (1955). "Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853-1868," p. 325.] Conventional interpretations have construed these Japanese titles as "commissioner" or "overseer" or "governor."

This "bakufu" title identifies a magistrate or municipal administrator with responsibility for governing and maintaining order in the shogunal city of Kyoto. [Hall, John Wesley. (1955) [http://books.google.com/books?id=x0WCAAAAIAAJ&q=kinzan+bugyo&dq=kinzan+bugyo&lr=&pgis=1 "Tanuma Okitsugu: Foreruner of Modern Japan," p. 201] ]

The Kyoto "machi-bugyo" were the central public authorities in this significant urban center. These men were "bakufu"-appointed officials fulfilling a unique role. They were an amalgam of chief of police, judge, and mayor. The "machi-bugyo" were expected to manage a full range of administrative and judicial responsibilities.Cunningham, Don. (2004). [http://books.google.com/books?id=g5BP7DGuNFsC&pg=PA42&dq=kita+machi-bugyo&sig=rRhP2LDIPisNyEP0q9srK4BsOeo "Taiho-Jutsu: Law and Order in the Age of the Samurai," p. 42.] ]

Each "machi-bugyo" was involved in tax collection, policing, and firefighting; and at the same time, each played a number of judicial roles –- hearing and deciding both ordinary civil cases and criminal cases. [see above] ]

In this period, the "machi-bugyo" were considered equal in status to the minor "daimyō". At any one time, there were as many as 16 "machi-bugyo" located throughout Japan; [see above] ] and there was always at least one in Kyoto.

hogunal city

During this period, Kyoto ranked with the largest urban centers, some of which were designated as a "shogunal city." The number of such cities rose from three to eleven under Tokugawa administration. [Cullen, William. (2003). [http://books.google.com/books?id=ycY_85OInSoC&pg=PA27&vq=bugyo&dq=++uraga+bugyo&source=gbs_search_r&cad=0_2&sig=Lz-lqppSwmB5wSYUxXfVmEMCrBw#PPA59,M1 "A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds," p. 159.] ]

List of Kyoto "machi-bugyō"

:dynamic list
* Nagai Naomune, 1862-1864. [Beasley, p. 338.]

Notes

References

* Beasley, William G. (1955). [http://books.google.com/books?id=jjOCAAAAIAAJ&dq=Niigata+bugyo&pgis=1 "Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853-1868."] London: Oxford University Press. [reprinted by RoutledgeCurzon, London, 2001. 10-ISBN 0-197-13508-0; 13-ISBN 978-0-197-13508-2 (cloth)]
* Cullen, Louis M. (2003). [http://books.google.com/books?id=ycY_85OInSoC&dq=++uraga+bugyo&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 "A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds."] Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10-ISBN 0-521-82155-X (cloth) -- 10-ISBN 0-521-52918-2 (paper)
* Cunningham, Don. (2004). [http://books.google.com/books?id=g5BP7DGuNFsC&dq=Bugy%C5%8D&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 "Taiho-Jutsu: Law and Order in the Age of the Samurai."] Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing. 10-ISBN 0-804-83536-5; 13-ISBN 978-0-804-83536-7 (cloth)
* Hall, John Wesley. (1955). [http://books.google.com/books?id=x0WCAAAAIAAJ&q=kinzan+bugyo&dq=kinzan+bugyo&lr=&pgis=1 "Tanuma Okitsugu: Foreruner of Modern Japan."] Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
* Jansen, Marius B. (1995). [http://books.google.com/books?id=cY6GRGa2vPoC&dq=Sakuji+bugy%C5%8D&client=firefox-a&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0 "Warrior Rule in Japan."] Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 10-ISBN 0-521-48404-9

ee also

* bugyō




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