- Air offensive
An air offensive is a type of military operation conducted using aircrew, airborne [Also includes
Air assault and AirlandingGlider infantry ] and strategic missile troops to allow securing of war, campaign or operational initiative, air-space superiority or ensure defeat of enemy forces through use of air-delivered ordnance, or destruction of enemy air, ground and naval forces.The air offensive can be conducted by the air forces independently, or in coordination with the Land and Naval Services within the scope of
Combined Operations . In some countries the air offensive can be conducted by the ground forces using aviation assets such astroop carrier operations during theSecond World War [p.38, Schlight] or the post-war use ofhelicopter s [pp.xx-xxi, Allen] .Air offensives, also known as the aviation offensives in Russian [p.35,Kozlov] , are sometimes referred to by their principal type of aircraft or missile as the
Air superiority offensive such as theLuftwaffe Operation Adlerangriff,bombing air offensive such as the Anglo-American air offensive against Germany from 1943 until the German surrender in 1945,assault air offensive as exemplified by the operations during theBattle of Kursk , and air-assault offensive such asOperation Shiny Bayonet by the 1st Cavalry Division during theVietnam War . [p.27, Coleman]Air offensives tend to be strategic in nature, with one of the largest conducted was by the Red Army Air Force, commencing in August 1943, when some 10,000 aircraft took part in the support of the Kursk Strategic Defensive, Orel Strategic Counter-offensive (Operation Kutuzov), Belgorod-Kharkov Strategic Counter-offensive (Operation Rumyantsev), Smolensk Strategic Offensive (Operation Surorov), Donbass Strategic Offensive and Chernigov-Poltava Strategic Offensive Operations. [p.134, Jackson]
Ordinarily the air offensive consists of three phases: air preparation of the offensive (including
intelligence preparation of the battlefield ), immediate preparation for the offensive, and offensive support operations.References
ources
*Allen, Matthew, "Military helicopter doctrines of the major powers, 1945-1992: making decisions about air-land warfare", Greenwood Press, London, 1993
* Coleman, J.D. (Maj.), editor-in-chief, "The 1st Air Cavalry Division: Vietnam August 1965 to December 1969", Dia Nippon Printing Company, Tokyo, 1970
* Jackson, Robert, "The Red Falcons: The Soviet Air Force in action 1919-1969", Clifton Books, London, 1970
* Kozlov, M.M., Gen. of Army, Prof., editor-in-chief, "Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 encyclopaedia" (in Russian), Soviet Encyclopaedia, Moscow, 1985.
* Schlight, John, "Help from above: Air Force Close Air Support of the Army 1946-1973", Air Force History and Museums Program, Washington D.C., 2003
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