Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore
Archdiocese of Baltimore
Archidioecesis Baltimorensis

The coat of arms of the Archdiocese of Baltimore
Location
Country United States of America
Territory The City of Baltimore and nine counties across Northern Maryland
Ecclesiastical province Province of Baltimore
Metropolitan Baltimore, Maryland
Population
- Catholics

517,679
Information
Denomination Roman Catholic
Rite Latin Rite
Established November 6, 1789
Cathedral Cathedral of Mary Our Queen
Co-cathedral Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Patron saint Immaculate Conception
Current leadership
Bishop sede vacante
Metropolitan Archbishop sede vacante
Auxiliary Bishop

Denis James Madden

Mitchell Thomas Rozanski
William Clifford Newman (emeritus)
Emeritus Bishops William Cardinal Keeler
Map
Website
archbalt.org

The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Baltimore is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States. The archdiocese comprises the City of Baltimore as well as Allegany, Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Frederick, Garrett, Harford, Howard, and Washington Counties in Maryland. The archdiocese is the metropolitan see of the Ecclesiastical Province of Baltimore.

The Archdiocese of Baltimore is the oldest diocese in the United States whose see city was within the nation's boundaries when the United States declared its independence in 1776. The Holy See granted the Archbishop of Baltimore the right of precedence in the nation at liturgies, meetings, and councils on August 15, 1859.[1] Although the Archdiocese of Baltimore does not enjoy primatial status, it is the premier episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States of America.

The archdiocese comprises nine Maryland counties and Baltimore city, with 518,000 Catholics, 545 priests, five hospitals, and two seminaries — (St. Mary's Seminary and University in Baltimore and Mount St. Mary's Seminary (at Mount Saint Mary's University) in Emmitsburg, Maryland).[2][3]

Contents

History

Before and during the American Revolutionary War, the Catholics in Great Britain's thirteen colonies in America (and also its colonies in Canada) were under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the bishop of the Apostolic Vicariate of the London District, in England. The war was formally ended by the Treaty of Paris, which was signed on September 3, 1783, and was ratified by the Congress of the Confederation (of the newly independent United States of America) on January 14, 1784, and by the King of Great Britain on April 9, 1784. The ratification documents were exchanged in Paris on May 12, 1784.

A petition was sent by the Maryland clergy to the Holy See, on November 6, 1783, for permission for the missionaries in the United States to nominate a superior who would have some of the powers of a bishop. In response to that, Father John Carroll — having been selected by his brother priests — was confirmed by Pope Pius VI, on June 6, 1784, as Superior of the Missions in the thirteen United States of North America, with power to give the sacrament of confirmation. This act established a hierarchy in the United States and removed the Catholic Church in the U.S. from the authority of the Vicar Apostolic of the London District.

The Holy See then established the Apostolic Prefecture of the United States on November 26, 1784. Because Maryland was one of the few regions of the colonial United States that was predominantly Catholic, the apostolic prefecture was elevated to become the Diocese of Baltimore[4] — the first diocese in the United States — on November 6, 1789.

On April 8, 1808, the suffragan dioceses of Boston,[5] New York,[6] Philadelphia,[7] and Bardstown (moved in 1841 to Louisville) [8] were erected by Pope Pius VII from the territory of the Diocese of Baltimore, which was simultaneously raised to the rank of metropolitan archdiocese. The newly established Province of Baltimore — whose metropolitan was archbishop of the Archdiocese of Baltimore — comprised all of the states and territories of the nation.

The Archdiocese again lost territory with the creation of the Diocese of Richmond (Va.)[1] on July 11, 1820, and the Diocese of Wilmington (Del.)[2] on March 3, 1868. In 1850, the Diocese of Wheeling (then in Va.; now Wheeling-Charleston, W. Va.) [3] was erected, from the Diocese of Richmond. In 1974, the Diocese of Arlington (Va.)[4] was erected, from the Diocese of Richmond.

On July 22, 1939, the see was renamed the Archdiocese of Baltimore-Washington, in recognition of the nation's capital. Eight years later, on November 15, 1947, the District of Columbia and the five southern counties of Maryland became the Archdiocese of Washington (D.C.)[5], resulting in the present-day Archdiocese of Baltimore, which consists of the City of Baltimore and nine counties of central and western Maryland.

From 1808 until 1847, Baltimore was the only archdiocese and therefore the entire country was one ecclesiastical province.[6] As the nation's population grew and waves of Catholic immigrants came from Europe, the Holy See continued to erect new dioceses and elevate others to metropolitan archdioceses, which simultaneously became metropolitan sees of new ecclesiastical provinces. Thus, the Province of Baltimore gradually became smaller and smaller. In 1847, the then-Diocese of Saint Louis was elevated to an archdiocese and metropolitan see of the new Province of Saint Louis. In 1850, the Diocese of New York was raised to an archdiocese. Also in 1850, the Diocese of Oregon City (now Portland) was raised to an archdiocese. In 1875, the dioceses of Boston and Philadelphia were likewise elevated.

The Archdiocese has published The Catholic Review since the 19th century.

Prelature

In general; "Prerogative of Place"

The Archdiocese of Baltimore is led by the prelature of the Archbishop of Baltimore and a corps of auxiliary bishops who assist in the administration of the archdiocese as part of a larger curia. Fifteen people have served as Archbishop of Baltimore; the most recent Archbishop is Edwin Frederick O'Brien.

In 1858, the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (Propaganda Fide), with the approval of Pope Pius IX, conferred "Prerogative of Place" on the Archdiocese of Baltimore. This decree gave the archbishop of Baltimore precedence over all other archbishops of the United States (but not cardinals) in councils, gatherings, and meetings of whatever kind of the hierarchy (in conciliis, coetibus et comitiis quibuscumque), regardless of the seniority of other archbishops in promotion or ordination.[9]

Cathedrals

The archbishop is concurrently the pastor of the Cathedral of Mary Our Queen and the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the co-cathedral; the bishop appoints the cathedral and co-cathedral's rectors. The Basilica, built in 1806–1821, is the first cathedral and parish in the United States within its boundaries at the time. It is considered the mother church of the United States.

The Archdiocese of Baltimore is one of only three United States dioceses that has two churches serving as cathedrals in the same city — the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace and Co-Cathedral of Saint Theresa of the Child Jesus in the Diocese of Honolulu share the distinction. The Diocese of Burlington also has this in common. Other dioceses with two cathedrals have their churches in separate cities.[10]

Archbishops of Baltimore

John Carroll lays the cornerstone for the Cathedral of the Assumption in Baltimore
  1. John Carroll, S.J. (1784–1815) died
  2. Leonard Neale, S.J. (1815–1817) died
  3. Ambrose Maréchal, P.S.S. (1817–1828) died
  4. James Whitfield (1828–1834) died
  5. Samuel Eccleston, P.S.S. (1834–1851) died
  6. Francis Patrick Kenrick (1851–1863) died
  7. Martin John Spalding (1864–1872) died
  8. James Roosevelt Bayley (1872–1877) died
  9. James Gibbons (1877–1921) died
  10. Michael Joseph Curley (1921–1947) died
  11. Francis Patrick Keough (1947–1961) died
  12. Lawrence Shehan (1961–1974) retired
  13. William Donald Borders (1974–1989) retired
  14. William Henry Keeler (1989–2007) retired
  15. Edwin Frederick O'Brien (2007–2011) appointed Pro-Grand Master of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem

Auxiliary bishops

  1. Dominic Laurence Graessl S.J. (Coadjutor: 1793) posthumous appointment
  2. Leonard Neale S.J. (Coadjutor: 1795–1815) succeeded
  3. James Whitfield (Coadjutor: January 8 – 28, 1828) succeeded
  4. Samuel Eccleston P.S.S. (Coadjutor: March – October 1834) succeeded
  5. James Gibbons (Coadjutor: May – October 1877) succeeded
  6. Alfred Allen Paul Curtis (1897–1908) retired as Bishop emeritus of Wilmington (bishop of Wilmington, 1886–1896)
  7. Owen Patrick Bernard Corrigan (1908–1929) died
  8. Thomas Joseph Shahan (1914–1932) died
  9. John Michael McNamara (1927–1947) appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Washington
  10. Lawrence Joseph Shehan (1945–1953) appointed Bishop of Bridgeport (later named coadjutor archbishop; see #12 below)
  11. Jerome Aloysius Daugherty Sebastian (1953–1960) died
  12. Lawrence Joseph Shehan (Coadjutor: July – December 1961) succeeded (previously was auxiliary; see #10 above)
  13. Thomas Austin Murphy (1962–1984) retired
  14. Thomas Joseph Mardaga (1966–1968) appointed Bishop of Wilmington
  15. Francis Joseph Gossman (1968–1975) appointed Bishop of Raleigh
  16. Philip Francis Murphy (1976–1999) died
  17. James Francis Stafford (1976–1982) appointed Bishop of Memphis (later appointed Archbishop of Denver; later President of the Pontifical Council for the Laity; created Cardinal; later appointed Major Penitentiary of the Apostolic Penitentiary; retired 2 June 2009)
  18. William Clifford Newman (1984–2003) retired
  19. John Ricard S.S.J. (1984–1997) appointed Bishop of Pensacola-Tallahassee
  20. Gordon Dunlap Bennett S.J. (1997–2004) appointed Bishop of Mandeville (Jamaica, W.I.)
  21. William Francis Malooly (2000–2008) appointed Bishop of Wilmington
  22. Mitchell T. Rozanski (2004–present)
  23. Denis J. Madden (2005–present)

Affiliated bishops

The following men began their service as priests in Baltimore before being appointed bishops elsewhere (years in parentheses refers to their years in Baltimore):

Parishes

Operating Parishes

St. Agnes Baltimore

St. Alphonsus Baltimore

St. Alphonsus Rodriguez Woodstock

St. Ambrose Baltimore

St. Ambrose (Cresaptown) Cresaptown

St. Andrew by the Bay Annapolis

St. Ann (Baltimore) Baltimore

St. Ann (Grantsville) Grantsville

St. Ann (Hagerstown) Hagerstown

Church of the Annunciation Baltimore

St. Anthony of Padua Baltimore

St. Anthony Shrine Emmitsburg

Church of the Ascension Baltimore

St. Athanasius Baltimore

St. Augustine (Elkridge) Elkridge

St. Augustine (Williamsport) Williamsport

St. Bartholomew Manchester

Basilica of the Assumption Baltimore

St. Benedict Baltimore

St. Bernadette Severn

St. Bernardine Baltimore

Blessed Sacrament Baltimore

St. Brigid Baltimore

St. Casimir Baltimore

Cathedral of Mary Our Queen Baltimore

St. Cecilia Baltimore

St. Charles Borromeo Baltimore

St. Clare Baltimore

St. Clement Baltimore

St. Clement Mary Hofbauer Baltimore

Corpus Christi Baltimore

Church of the Crucifixion Glen Burnie

St. Dominic Baltimore

St. Edward Baltimore

St. Elizabeth of Hungary Baltimore, founded 1895[11]

St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Crofton

St. Francis de Sales Abingdon

St. Francis Xavier (Baltimore) Baltimore

St. Francis of Assisi (Baltimore) Baltimore

St. Francis of Assisi (Brunswick) Brunswick

St. Francis of Assisi (Fulton) Fulton

St. Francis Xavier (Hunt Valley) Hunt Valley

St. Gabriel Baltimore

Church of the Good Shepherd Glen Burnie

St. Gregory the Great Baltimore

Church of the Holy Apostles Gambrills

Holy Cross Baltimore

Holy Family (Davidsonville) Davidsonville

Holy Family (Middletown) Middletown

Holy Family (Randallstown) Randallstown

Holy Korean Martyrs Baltimore

Holy Rosary Baltimore

Church of the Holy Spirit Joppa

Holy Trinity Catholic Church Glen Burnie

St. Ignatius (Baltimore) Baltimore

St. Ignatius (Hickory) Forest Hill

St. Ignatius Loyola Frederick

Church of the Immaculate Conception (Baltimore) Baltimore

Church of the Immaculate Conception (Towson) Towson

Immaculate Heart of Mary Baltimore

St. Isaac Jogues Baltimore

St. James Boonsboro

St. Jane Frances de Chantal Pasadena

St. Joan of Arc Aberdeen

St. John Neumann Annapolis

St. John the Evangelist (Columbia) Columbia

St. John the Evangelist (Frederick) Frederick

St. John the Evangelist (Long Green Valley) Hydes

St. John the Evangelist (Severna Park) Severna Park

St. John (Westminster) Westminster

St. Joseph (Fullerton) Baltimore

St. Joseph’s Passionist Monastery Baltimore

St. Joseph (Cockeysville) Cockeysville

St. Joseph (Sykesville) Eldersburg

St. Joseph (Emmitsburg) Emmitsburg

St. Joseph-On-Carrollton Manor Frederick

St. Joseph (Hagerstown) Hagerstown

St. Joseph (Midland) Midland

St. Joseph (Odenton) Odenton

St. Joseph (Taneytown) Taneytown

St. Katharine Drexel Frederick

St. Lawrence Martyr Hanover

St. Leo Baltimore

St. Louis Clarksville

St. Luke Baltimore

St. Mary Magdalen Bel Air

St. Margaret Bel Air

St. Mark (Catonsville) Baltimore

St. Mark (Fallston) Fallston

St. Mary (Annapolis) Annapolis

St. Mary, Star of the Sea Baltimore

St. Mary of the Assumption (Govans) Baltimore

St. Mary (Cumberland) Cumberland

St. Mary (Hagerstown) Hagerstown

St. Mary of the Annunciation Lonaconing

St. Mary (Petersville) Petersville

St. Mary of the Assumption (Pylesville) Pylesville

St. Matthew Baltimore

St. Michael (Wolfe Street) CLOSED

St. Michael the Archangel Baltimore

St. Michael (Clear Spring) Clear Spring

St. Michael (Frostburg) Frostburg

St. Michael (Poplar Springs-Mt. Airey) Mount Airy

Most Precious Blood Baltimore

Nativity of Our Lord Jesus Christ Timonium

New All Saints Baltimore

Our Lady of Fatima Baltimore

Our Lady of Good Counsel Baltimore

Our Lady of Grace Parkton

Our Lady of Hope Baltimore

Our Lady of LaVang Baltimore

Our Lady of Mount Carmel (Frederick) Thurmont

Our Lady of Mount Carmel (Middle River) Baltimore

Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Edgewater) Edgewater

Our Lady of Perpetual Help (Ellicott City) Ellicott City

Our Lady of Pompei Baltimore

Our Lady of Sorrows West River

Our Lady of the Angels Catonsville

Our Lady of the Chesapeake Pasadena

Our Lady of the Fields Millersville

Our Lady of Victory Baltimore

Our Lady, Queen of Peace Baltimore

St. Patrick (Broadway) Baltimore

St. Patrick (Cumberland) Cumberland

St. Patrick (Havre de Grace) Havre de Grace

St. Patrick (Little Orleans) Little Orleans

St. Patrick (Mt. Savage) Mount Savage

St. Paul Ellicott City

St. Peter Claver Baltimore

SS. Peter & Paul Shrine Cumberland

St. Peter (Hancock) Hancock

St. Peter (Libertytown) Libertytown

St. Peter at the Lake Center McHenry

St. Peter the Apostle (Oakland) Oakland

St. Peter (Westernport) Westernport

SS. Philip & James Baltimore

St. Philip Neri Linthicum Heights

St. Pius V Baltimore

St. Pius X Baltimore

Prince of Peace Edgewood

Church of the Resurrection Ellicott City

Resurrection of Our Lord Laurel

St. Rita Baltimore

St. Rose of Lima Baltimore

Sacred Heart Glyndon

Sacred Heart of Jesus Baltimore

Sacred Heart of Mary Baltimore

Shrine of the Little Flower Baltimore

Shrine of the Sacred Heart Baltimore

St. Stephen Bradshaw

St. Thomas Aquinas Baltimore

St. Thomas More Baltimore

St. Timothy Walkersville

Transfiguration Roman Catholic Congregation Baltimore

St. Ursula Baltimore

St. Veronica Baltimore

St. Vincent de Paul Baltimore

St. Wenceslaus Baltimore

St. William of York Baltimore

Closed Parishes

Education

High Schools

Shrines of the archdiocese

Province of Baltimore

See also

References

  1. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia Article on Precedence
  2. ^ Liz F. Kay, "New home for a new archbishop", Baltimore Sun, July 14, 2007.
  3. ^ G.M. Corrigan, "Archbishop O'Brien to begin stewardship with listening tour", The Baltimore Examiner, August 4, 2007.
  4. ^ "Our History". Archdiocese of Baltimore official website. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
  5. ^ "Historical Sketch of The Archdiocese of Boston". Archdiocese of Boston. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
  6. ^ Timeline. Archdiocese of New York. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
  7. ^ A Brief History of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia. Archdiocese of Philadelphia website. Retrieved 2010-03-12.
  8. ^ Brief History of the Archdiocese of Louisville. Archdiocese of Louisville. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
  9. ^ "Archdiocese of Baltimore - Our History". http://www.archbalt.org/our-history/index.cfm. Retrieved 2009-03-30. [dead link]
  10. ^ "Cathedrals in United States" (Website). Giga-Catholic Information. http://www.gcatholic.com/churches/data/cathUS.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-27. 
  11. ^ Ginsberg, Elizabeth (12 November 2011). "100 Jahre St. Elisabethkirche in Baltimore". Fuldaer Zeitung. 
  12. ^ Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
  13. ^ National Shrine of Saint Elizabeth Ann Seton

External links

Coordinates: 39°17′38″N 76°37′02″W / 39.29389°N 76.61722°W / 39.29389; -76.61722


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