Viburnum trilobum

Viburnum trilobum
Viburnum trilobum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Dipsacales
Family: Adoxaceae
Genus: Viburnum
Species: V. trilobum
Binomial name
Viburnum trilobum
Marshall

Viburnum trilobum (American Cranberrybush Viburnum, American Cranberrybush, Kalyna or Highbush or High Bush Cranberry) is a species of Viburnum native to northern North America, from Newfoundland west to British Columbia, south to Washington state and east to northern Virginia, with an isolated population in New Mexico.[1] It is very closely related to the European and Asian Viburnum opulus, and is often treated as a variety of it, as Viburnum opulus L. var. americanum Ait., or as a subspecies, Viburnum opulus subsp. trilobum (Marshall) Clausen.

Detail of the inflorescence

Contents

Description

It is a deciduous shrub growing to 4 m tall. The bark is gray and rough and has a scaly texture. The stems arch and are very dense, and the twigs are a reddish-brown color. The leaves are opposite, three-lobed, 6-12 cm long and 5-10 cm broad, with a rounded base and serrated margins; they are superficially similar to many maple leaves, most easily distinguished by their somewhat wrinkled surface with impressed leaf venation. The leaf buds are green. The bud scales are valvate. The flowers are white, produced in corymbs up to 13 cm diameter at the top of the stems; each corymb comprises a ring of outer sterile flowers 2-2.5 cm diameter with conspicuous petals, surrounding a center of small (5 mm), fertile flowers; the flowers are pollinated by insects. The fruit is an oblong red drupe 15 mm long and 12 mm broad, containing a single flat, white seed. Plants begin to produce fruit at approximately five years of age; when animals, including birds, eat the fruits, they deposit the seeds in another location in their droppings.

Uses

Although often called "Highbush Cranberry", it is not a cranberry. The name comes from the red fruits which look superficially like cranberries, and have a similar flavor and ripen at the same time of year. The fruits, sour and rich in vitamin C, can be eaten raw or cooked into a sauce to serve with meat or game.[2]

Pests and diseases

The larvae and adults of the Viburnum leaf beetle feed on the leaves and may completely defoliate the plant, and repeated damage can kill it.[2]

In culture

This is a commonly used berry in Western Canadian cultures. Peoples of various origins both Native and European have used the berries for many years.

The Canadian French name for the berries is Pembina. The name Pembina was then applied to two rivers, one in Manitoba and North Dakota, and one in Alberta, and from the rivers the named was applied to several other places and institutions.

The Ukrainians(and Russians) called the berry Kalyna, which is now the name of an ecomusem in Alberta, Kalyna Country.

References

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Viburnum trilobum — paprastojo putino amerikinis varietetas statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Putininių šeimos dekoratyvinis, vaisinis, vaistinis augalas (Viburnum opulus var. americanum), paplitęs Šiaurės Amerikoje. Naudojamas gėrimams gaminti. atitikmenys: lot …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Viburnum trilobum — noun deciduous North American shrub or small tree having three lobed leaves and red berries • Syn: ↑cranberry bush, ↑cranberry tree, ↑American cranberry bush, ↑highbush cranberry • Hypernyms: ↑shrub, ↑bush …   Useful english dictionary

  • Viburnum trilobum Marsh. — Symbol VIOPA2 Synonym Symbol VITR8 Botanical Family Caprifoliaceae …   Scientific plant list

  • Viburnum opulus — Plant with fruit Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked …   Wikipedia

  • Viburnum opulus —   Viburnum opulus …   Wikipedia Español

  • Viburnum —   Viburnum …   Wikipedia Español

  • Viburnum — Viorne Viburnum …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Viburnum opulus var. americanum — paprastojo putino amerikinis varietetas statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Putininių šeimos dekoratyvinis, vaisinis, vaistinis augalas (Viburnum opulus var. americanum), paplitęs Šiaurės Amerikoje. Naudojamas gėrimams gaminti. atitikmenys: lot …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • viburnum — /vuy berr neuhm/, n. 1. any of numerous shrubs or trees belonging to the genus Viburnum, of the honeysuckle family, certain species of which, as the cranberry bush, V. opulus, or snowball, are cultivated for ornament. 2. the dried bark of various …   Universalium

  • genus Viburnum — noun deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees: arrow wood; wayfaring tree • Syn: ↑Viburnum • Hypernyms: ↑asterid dicot genus • Member Holonyms: ↑Caprifoliaceae, ↑family Caprifoliaceae, ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

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