William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele

William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele

William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele (june 28, 1582–April 14, 1662), was born at the family home of Broughton Castle near Banbury, in Oxfordshire. He was the only son of Richard Fiennes, seventh Baron Saye and Sele. He was descended from James Fiennes, Lord Saye and Sele, who was Lord Chamberlain and Lord Treasurer under Henry VI and who was beheaded by the rebels under Jack Cade on July 4 1450.

Early life

Fiennes, like many of his family, was educated at New College, Oxford. He was a descendant and heir of the sister of William of Wykeham, the college's founder. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John Temple of Stowe, in 1600. He succeeded to his father's barony in 1613, and in parliament opposed the policy of James I, undergoing a brief imprisonment for objecting to a benevolence in 1622. He showed great animus towards Lord Bacon. In 1624, owing probably to his temporary friendship with the Duke of Buckingham, he was advanced to the rank of a viscount, but notwithstanding this he remained during the early parliaments of Charles I a champion of the popular cause, and was in Clarendon's words the oracle of those who were called Puritans in the worst sense, and steered all their counsels and designs.

During the personal rule of Charles I, his energies found a new outlet in helping to colonize Providence Island, and in interesting himself in other and similar enterprises in America. Saybrook in Connecticut is named after Viscount Saye and Lord Brooke. He was a thorough aristocrat, and his ideas for the government of colonies in America included the establishment of an hereditary aristocracy. Many leading puritans (including John Pym) who were members of the Providence Island Company met with Fiennes at Broughton Castle to coordinate their opposition to the King. On several occasions Saye outwitted the advisers of Charles I by his strict compliance with legal forms earning him the nickname "old subtlety".

Although Saye resisted the levy of ship money, he accompanied Charles on his march against the Scots in 1639; but, with only one other peer, he refused to take the oath binding him to fight for the king "to the utmost of my power and hazard of my life". Then Charles I sought to win his favour by making him a Privy Councillor and Master of the Court of Wards.

Civil war and after

When the Civil War broke out, however, Saye was on the committee of safety, was made Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Cheshire, and raised a regiment that occupied Oxford.He was a member of the committee of both kingdoms; was mainly responsible for passing the self-denying ordinance through the House of Lords; and in 1647 stood up for the army in its struggle with the parliament.

In 1648, both at the treaty of Newport and elsewhere, Saye was anxious that Charles should come to terms, and he retired into private life after the execution of the king, becoming a privy councilor again upon the restoration of Charles II. He died at Broughton Castle on April 14, 1662.

His eldest son James (c. 1603-1674) succeeded him as 2nd viscount; other sons were the Roundhead parliamentarians Nathaniel Fiennes and John Fiennes. The viscounty of Saye and Sele became extinct in 1781, and the barony is now held by the descendants of John Twisleton (d. 1682) and his wife Elizabeth (d. 1674), a daughter of the 2nd viscount.

Ancestry


ahnentafel-compact5
style=font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%;
border=1
boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0;
boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
1= William Fiennes
2= Sir Richard Fiennes
3= Constance Kingsmill
4= Richard Fiennes of Broughton
5= Ursula Fermor
6= Sir William Kingsmill of Sidmanton
7= Bridget Raleigh
8= Edward Fiennes
9= Margaret Danvers
10= Richard Fermour
11= Anne Browne
12= Sir John Kingsmill of Sidmanton
13= Constance or Elizabeth Goring
14= George Raleigh
15= Joan or Jane Coningsby
16= Richard Fiennes
17= Elizabeth Crofts
18= Sir John d'Anvers of Culworth, Dantsey/Dauntsey and Waterstock
19= Lady Anne Stradling
20= Thomas Fermour of Whitney
21= Emmote Hervey or Harvey
22= William Browne
23= Margaret or Katherine Shaw
24= Sir John Kingsmill
25= Joane or Jane Gifford
26= John Goring of Burton
27= Constance Dyke
28= Sir Edward Raleigh
29= Ann or Anne Chamberlaine
30= "maybe" Sir Humphrey Coningsby
31= "maybe" Alice Ferreby of Lincolnshire

References

*1911


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Saye and Sele, William Fiennes, 1st Viscount, 8th Lord Saye And Sele — ▪ English statesman born May 28, 1582, Broughton Castle, near Banbury, Oxfordshire, Eng. died April 14, 1662, Broughton Castle       English statesman, a leading opponent of James I and Charles I in the House of Lords and a supporter of… …   Universalium

  • Baron Saye and Sele — is a title in the Peerage of England. It is thought to have been created by letters patent in 1447 for James Fiennes for his services in the Hundred Years War. The patent creating the original barony was lost, so it was assumed that the barony… …   Wikipedia

  • Fiennes — may refer to: :a prominent English family, notably including: *Bessie Fiennes, Baroness Clinton, better known as Bessie Blount, mistress of Henry VIII of England and mother of his son, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset *James… …   Wikipedia

  • Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon — (29 February, 1572 16 November, 1638) was an English military and naval commander.The third son of Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter and grandson of Queen Elizabeth s great minister Lord Burghley, Cecil served with the English forces in the… …   Wikipedia

  • Nathaniel Fiennes — Nathaniel Fiennes. Nathaniel Fiennes (c. 1608 – 16 December 1669) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1659. He was an officer in Parliamentary army during the English Civil War and an active …   Wikipedia

  • Celia Fiennes — (7 June 1662 10 April 1741) was an English traveller. Born in Wiltshire, she was the daughter of an English Civil War Roundhead Colonel, who was in turn the second son of the William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele. Celia Fiennes died in… …   Wikipedia

  • Файнс — (англ. Fiennes) английская фамилия. Известные носители родственники Британская аристократия Джеймс Файнс, 1 й барон Сэй и Сел (англ.) (ок. 1395 1450) Блаунт, Элизабет …   Википедия

  • Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire — This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire. Since 1689, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Oxfordshire.*Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk 1545 * vacant ? *Henry Norris, 1st Baron Norreys 17… …   Wikipedia

  • Broughton Castle — is a medieval manor house located in the village of Broughton which is about two miles south west of Banbury, Oxfordshire, England on the B4050 road (gbmapping|SP418382).It was built as a manor house by Sir John de Broughton in 1300 at a location …   Wikipedia

  • List of Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty — This is a list of Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty (incomplete before the Restoration, 1660). The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, were the members of the Board of Admiralty, which exercised the office of Lord High Admiral when it was… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”