Parthenium

Parthenium
Parthenium hysterophorus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Subfamily:	Asteroideae
Tribe:	Heliantheae[1]
Genus:	Parthenium L.
Species
See text
Synonyms
Villanova Ortega[2]

Parthenium is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae. The name is derived from either the Greek word παρθένος (parthenos), meaning "virgin," or παρθένιον (parthenion), an ancient name for a plant.^[3] Members of the genus are commonly known as feverfew.^[4] Notable species include Guayule (P. argentatum) and P. hysterophorus, a serious invasive species in the Old World.^[5]

Uses

In North America, the Jicarilla Apache people used Parthenium incanum for medicine (Opler 1946: 8). The sap of Guayule (P. argentatum) is a source of natural rubber.^[6]

Selected species

Parthenium alpinum (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray – Arkansas River Feverfew Parthenium argentatum A.Gray – Guayule Parthenium bipinnatifidum (Ortega) Rollins Parthenium confertum A.Gray – Gray's Feverfew Parthenium fruticosum Less. Parthenium hispidum Raf. Parthenium hysterophorus L. – Santa Maria Feverfew, Whitetop Weed Parthenium incanum Kunth – Mariola

Parthenium integrifolium L. – American Feverfew, Wild Quinine Parthenium ligulatum (M.E. Jones) Barneby – Colorado Feverfew Parthenium radfordii Mears Parthenium schottii Greenm. ex Millsp. & Chase Parthenium tomentosum DC. Parthenium tomentosum var. stramonium (Greene) Rollins Parthenium tomentosum var. tomentosum[4][7]

Gallery

• 

  Parthenium argentatum

• 

  Wild Quinine (Parthenium integrifolium)

Notes

1. ^ "GENUS Parthenium". Taxonomy. UniProt. http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/35934. Retrieved 2010-10-29. 
2. ^ "Genus: Parthenium L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1998-09-03. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?8927. Retrieved 2010-10-29. 
3. ^ Strother, John L.. "Parthenium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 988. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 426. 1754.". Flora of North America. eFloras.org. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=124104. Retrieved 2011-08-09. 
4. ^ ^{a b} "Parthenium". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=38160. Retrieved 2011-08-09. 
5. ^ "Parthenium hysterophorus (herb)". Global Invasive Species Database. Invasive Species Specialist Group. 2010-10-04. http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?fr=1&si=153&sts. Retrieved 2011-08-09. 
6. ^ Ray, Dennis T. (1993). J. Janick and J.E. Simon. ed. "Guayule: A source of natural rubber". New crops (New York: Wiley): 338–343. http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1993/v2-338.html. 
7. ^ "GRIN Species Records of Parthenium". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?8927. Retrieved 2010-10-29. 

References

• Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L., Little, C.R. (2007). Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press.  ISBN 0-89672-614-2
• Opler, Morris E. (1946). Childhood and youth in Jicarilla Apache society. Publications of the Frederick Webb Hodge Anniversary Fund (Vol. 5). Los Angeles: The Southwest Museum Administrator of the Fund.