- List of inventors
This is a list of
inventor s."See also:"
List of scientists ,Timeline of invention ,List of inventions named after people ,List of inventors killed by their own inventions , and .Alphabetical list
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Vitaly Mikhaylovich Abalakov , (1906-1986),Russia — camming devices, Abalakov thread (or V-thread) gearless ice climbing anchor.
*Robert Adler , (1913-2007), Austria/United States — wirelessremote control
*Akbar the Great , (1542-1605), Mughal India —prefabricated home , movable structure
* Turhan Alçelik (c. 2006),Turkey —non-glaring headlamp
*Rostislav Alexeyev , (1916-1980) ,Russia –Ekranoplan .
* Mary Anderson, (1866–1953),United States —windshield wiper blade
*Archimedes , (c. 287-212 BC),Greece —Archimedes' screw
*Ami Argand , (1750-1803),France —Argand lamp
*Edwin H. Armstrong ,(1890-1954),USA —FM radio
*William George Armstrong , (1810-1900),UK — hydraulic crane
*Neil Arnott , (1788-1874),UK —waterbed
* Al-Ashraf, (fl. 1282-1296),Yemen — drycompass
*Joseph Aspdin , (1788-1855),England —Portland cement
*John Vincent Atanasoff , (1903-1995),United States — modern programmablecomputer B
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Charles Babbage , (1791-1871),UK —analytical engine (semi-automaticcomputer )
*Roger Bacon , (1214-1292),England —magnifying glass
*Leo Baekeland , (1863-1944),Belgian –American — Velox photographic paper andBakelite
*Ralph H. Baer , (1922-), German born American —video game console
* Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi, (1162–1231),Iraq /Egypt — ventilator
*John Logie Baird , (1888-1946),Scotland — an electromechanicaltelevision
*Ibn al-Baitar , (d. 1248), Islamic Spain — three hundreddrug s andfood s, cancer therapy,pharmacotherapy , Hindiba,pharmacopoeia
* Abi Bakr of Isfahan, (c. 1235), Persia — mechanicalgear edastrolabe withlunisolar calendar analog computer
*Donat Banki , (1859-1922),Hungary — inventor of thecarburetor
*John Bardeen , (1908-1991), USA — co-inventor of thetransistor
*Anthony R. Barringer Canadian – American — INPUT (Induced Pulse Transient) airborne electromagnetic system
*Earl W. Bascom , (1906-1995),Canada andUnited States — side-delivery rodeo chute, hornless rodeo saddle,rodeo bareback rigging , rodeo chaps
* Ibn Bassal, (fl. 1038-1075), Islamic Spain —flywheel , flywheel-drivennoria , flywheel-driven saqiyachain pump
*Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Harrānī al-Battānī (Albatenius), (853-929),Syria /Turkey — observation tube
*Eugen Baumann , (1846-1896),Germany —PVC
*Trevor Baylis , (1937-),UK — awind-up radio
*Francis Beaufort , (1774-1857),France —Beaufort scale
*Arnold O. Beckman , (1900-2004), USA —pH meter
*Ulugh Beg , 1394-1449, |Persia — Fakhri sextant, mural sextant
*Alexander Graham Bell , (1847-1922),Canada ,Scotland , andUSA —telephone
*Karl Benz , (1844-1929),Germany — the petrol-poweredautomobile
*Emile Berliner , (1851-1929),Germany and USA — the disc recordgramophone
*Tim Berners-Lee , (1955-),UK — withRobert Cailliau , theWorld Wide Web
*Abu Mansoor Nizar al-Aziz Billah , (955–996),Egypt —airmail ,homing pigeon
*Bi Sheng (Chinese:畢昇), (ca. 990-1051),China —clay movable type printing
*Laszlo Biro , (1899-1985),Hungary — modernballpoint pen
*Clarence Birdseye , (1886-1956), USA —frozen food process
*Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī , (973-1048), Persia — mechanicalgear edlunisolar calendar analog computer , fixed-wire d knowledge processingmachine ,conical measure ,laboratory flask , Orthographicalastrolabe ,hodometer ,pycnometer
*J. Stuart Blackton , (1875-1941), USA —stop-motion film
*Otto Blathy (1860-1939),Hungary — co-inventor of thetransformer ,wattmeter ,alternating current (AC) andturbogenerator
*Katharine B. Blodgett , (1898-1979),UK — nonreflectiveglass
*Nils Bohlin , (1920-2002),Sweden — the three-pointseat belt
*Joseph-Armand Bombardier , (1907-1964),Canada —snowmobile
*Robert W. Bower , (1936-), USA — self-aligned–gateMOSFET
*Seth Boyden , (1788-1870), USA — nail-making machine
*Walter Houser Brattain , (1902-1987), USA — co-inventor of thetransistor
*Louis Braille , (1809-1852),France — theBraille writing system
*Karl Ferdinand Braun , (1850-1918),Germany —cathode-ray tube oscilloscope
*Harry Brearley , (1871-1948),UK —stainless steel
*Rachel Fuller Brown , (1898–1980),USA ,Nystatin , the world's first antifungal antibiotic
*John Moses Browning , (1855-1926), USA —automatic handgun
*Edwin Beard Budding , (1795-1846),UK —lawnmower
*Corliss Orville Burandt , USA —Variable valve timing C
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Robert Cailliau , (1947 –),Belgium — withTim Berners-Lee , theWorld Wide Web
* C`ai Lun, 蔡倫 (50 AD - 121),China —paper
*Marvin Camras , (1916 - 1995), USA —magnetic recording
*Chester Carlson , (1906 - 1968), USA —Xerography
*Wallace Carothers , (1896 - 1937), USA —Nylon
*Hezarfen Ahmet Celebi , (fl. 1630-1632), long-distanceflight , artificialwing s
*Lagari Hasan Çelebi , (fl. 1633-1640),Turkey — mannedrocket , artificially-poweredaircraft , rocket aircraft
*Joseph Constantine Carpue , (1764 - 1846),France — rhinoplastic surgery
*George Cayley , (1773 - 1857), (UK ) — tension-spoke wheels,Caterpillar track
*Roxey Ann Caplin , (1793 - 1888) —Corset s
*Adrian Chernoff , (1971 -), USA — GM Autonomy, GMHy-wire ,Rubber Bandits
*Evgeniy Chertanovskiy ,Russia -Skafander
*Niels Christensen (1865 - 1952), USA —O-ring
*Samuel Hunter Christie , (1784 - 1865),UK —Wheatstone bridge
*Juan de la Cierva , (1895 - 1936),Spain — theautogyro
*Alexandru Ciurcu , (1854 - 1922),Romania —Reaction engine
*Georges Claude , (1870 - 1960),France —neon lamp
*Henri Coandă , (1886 - 1972),Romania —Jet engine
*Josephine Cochrane , (1839 - 1913), USA —dishwasher
*Christopher Cockerell , (1910 - 1999),UK —Hovercraft
*Aeneas Coffey , (1780 - 1852),Ireland , heat exchanger, inventor of theCoffey still
*George Constantinescu , (1881 - 1965),Romania —Interrupter gear
*Lloyd Groff Copeman , (1865 - 1956), USA —Electric stove
*Cornelis Corneliszoon , (1550 - 1607),The Netherlands —sawmill
* Jacques Cousteau, (1910 - 1997),France — co-inventor of the aqualung and theNikonos underwater camera
*Holger Crafoord , (1908 - 1982),Sweden — inventor of theartificial kidney
*Thomas Crapper , (1836 - 1910),England ,plumber .
*Bartolomeo Cristofori , (1655 - 1731),Italy —piano
*János Csonka , (1852 - 1939),Hungary — co-inventor ofcarburetor
*Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot , (1725 - 1804),France — first steam-powered road vehicle
*William Cumberland Cruikshank , (1745 - 1800),UK —chlorinated water
*William Cullen , (1710 - 1790),UK — first artificialrefrigerator
*Glenn Curtiss , (1878 - 1930), USA —ailerons D
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Gustaf Dalén , (1869-1937),Sweden —AGA cooker ;Dalén light ;Agamassan
*Salvino D'Armate , (?-?),Italy — credited for inventingeyeglasses in 1284
*Jacob Davis , (1868-1908), USA — riveted jeans
*Edmund Davy , (1785-1857),Ireland —acetylene
*Humphry Davy , (1778-1829),UK — Davy miners lamp
*Joseph Day , (1855-1946),UK — the crankcase-compressiontwo-stroke engine
*Lee DeForest , (1873-1961), USA —triode
*Miksa Deri (1854-1938),Hungary — co-inventor of an improved closed-coretransformer , the first so called
*James Dewar , (1842-1923),UK — Thermos flask
* William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, (1860-1935),UK — motion picture camera
* Philip Diehl, (1847-1913), USA —Ceiling fan , electricsewing machine
*Rudolf Diesel , (1858-1913),Germany —Diesel engine
*Taqi al-Din , (1526–1585),Syria /Egypt /Turkey —steam turbine ,smoke jack , six-cylinder 'Monobloc'suction pump , mechanicalalarm clock , spring-poweredpocket watch measured in minutes, spring-poweredastronomical clock measured in minutes and seconds,telescope , framed sextant
*Al-Dinawari , (828-896), Persia — more than a hundred plantdrug s
*William H. Dobelle , (1943-2004),United States — first functioning artificial eye
*Bryan Donkin , (1768-1855),UK — print industry composition roller
*Hub van Doorne , (1900-1979), Netherlands,Variomatic continuously variable transmission
*Anastase Dragomir , (1896-1966),Romania —Ejection seat
*Karl Drais , (1785-1851),Germany —dandy horse (Draisine )
*Cornelius Drebbel , (1572-1633),The Netherlands — first navigable submarine
* Richard Drew, (1899-1980), USA —Masking tape
*John Boyd Dunlop , (1840-1921)UK — first practicalpneumatic tyre
*James Dyson , (1947- )UK — Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, incorporating the principles of cyclonic separation.E
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George Eastman , (1854-1932), USA —roll film
*Thomas Edison , (1847-1931), USA —phonograph , commercially practical light bulb,motion picture projector, stock ticker, etc
*Ibrahim Efendi , (c. 1720),Turkeu —submarine ,submersible
*Albert Einstein ,(1879-1955),Germany —quantam mechanics , relativity,mass–energy equivalence
*Willem Einthoven , (1860-1927),The Netherlands — theelectrocardiogram
*Rune Elmqvist , (1857-1924),Sweden — implantable pacemaker
*Douglas Engelbart , (1925-), USA — thecomputer mouse [http://eepatents.com/collection.html#006]
*John Ericsson , (1803-1889),Sweden — the two screw-propeller
*Lars Magnus Ericsson , (1846-1926),Sweden — the handheld micro telephone
*Ole Evinrude , (1877-1934),Norway —outboard motor F
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Samuel Face , (1923-2001), USA — concrete flatness/levelness technology;Lightning Switch
*Michael Faraday , (1791-1867),England — electrictransformer
*Johann Maria Farina , (1685–1766), Germany;Eau de Cologne
*Philo Farnsworth , (1906-1971), USA — electronictelevision
*Muhammad al-Fazari , (d. 796/806),Iraq or Persia —brass astrolabe
*James Fergason , (1934-), USA — improvedliquid crystal display
*Enrico Fermi , (1901-1954),Italy —nuclear reactor
*Humberto Fernández Morán , (1924-1999),Venezuela — Diamond scalpel, Ultra microtome
*Reginald Fessenden , (1866-1932),Canada — two-wayradio
*Adolf Eugen Fick , (1829-1901),Germany —contact lens
*Fatima al-Fihri , (c. 859),Tunisia /Morocco —university
*Abbas Ibn Firnas (Armen Firman), (810-887), Islamic Spain — eye glasses,parachute ,hang glider , artificialwing s, controlled flight,watch ,fused quartz andsilica glass , artificialthunder andlightning ,metronome
* Artur Fischer, (1919–)Germany — fasteners includingfischertechnik .
*Gerhard Fischer ,Germany /USA — hand-held metal detector
*Alexander Fleming , (1881-1955),Scotland —penicillin
*John Ambrose Fleming , (1848-1945),England — vacuum diode
*Sandford Fleming , (1827-1915),Canada —Universal Standard Time
*Tommy Flowers , (1905-1998),England — Colossus an early electronic computer.
*Jean Bernard Léon Foucault , (1819-1868),France —Foucault pendulum ,gyroscope ,eddy current
*Benoît Fourneyron , (1802-1867),France —water turbine
* John Fowler, (1826-1864), England — steam-driven ploughing engine
*Benjamin Franklin , (1706-1790), USA — the pointed lightning rod conductor, bifocal glasses, theFranklin stove , theglass harmonica
*Augustin-Jean Fresnel , (1788-1827),France —Fresnel lens
*William Friese-Greene , (1855-1921),England —cinematography
*Buckminster Fuller , (1895-1983), USA —geodesic dome G
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Dennis Gabor , (1900-1979),Hungary –holography
*Boris Borisovich Galitzine , (1862-1916),Russia – Electromagneticseismograph .
*Elmer R. Gates , (1859-1923), USA – foam fire extinguisher, electric loom mechanisms, magnetic & diamagnetic separators, educational toy ("box & blocks")
*Richard J. Gatling , (1818-1903),USA – wheat drill, first successfulmachine gun
*Hans Wilhelm Geiger , (1882-1945),Germany –Geiger counter
*Henri Giffard , (1825-1882),France – poweredairship ,injector
*Heinrich Göbel , (1818-1893),Germany – first functional incandescent lamp
* Robert Goddard, (1882-1945), USA – liquid fuel rocket
*Peter Carl Goldmark , (1906-1977),Hungary –vinyl record (LP), CBScolor television
*Charles Goodyear , (1800-1860), USA – vulcanization of rubber
*Gordon Gould , (1920-2005), USA – co-inventor oflaser
*Richard Hall Gower , (1768-1833),England – ship's hull and rigging
*Bette Nesmith Graham , (1924-1980), USA –Liquid Paper
*James Henry Greathead , (1844-1896),South Africa –tunnel boring machine ,tunnelling shield technique
*Chester Greenwood , (1858-1937), USA – thermal earmuffs
* James Gregory, (1638-1675),Scotland –reflecting telescope
*William Robert Grove , (1811-1896),Wales –fuel cell
*Otto von Guericke , (1602-1686),Germany –vacuum pump ,manometer ,dasymeter
* Hakan Gürsu, (c. 2007),Turkey –Volitan
*Johann Gutenberg , (c. 1390s-1468),Germany – movable typeprinting press
* Samuel Guthrie, (1782-1848), USA – discoveredchloroform H
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Zaha Hadid , (b. 1950),Iraq — deconstructivistpostmodern architecture , bridge pavilion, dancing towers
*John Hadley , (1682-1744),England — Octant
*Tracy Hall , (1919- ), USA —synthetic diamond
*Christopher Hansteen , (1783-1873),Norway — discovery ofterrestrial magnetism
*James Hargreaves , (1720-1778),England —spinning jenny
*John Harrison , (1693-1776),England —marine chronometer
*Victor Hasselblad , (1906-1978),Sweden — invented the 6 x 6 cmsingle-lens reflex camera
*Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), (965-1039),Iraq — modernoptics ,scientific method , experimentalscience ,experimental physics ,experimental psychology camera obscura ,pinhole camera ,magnifying glass , concave and convex mirrors, spherical mirror
*Robert A. Heinlein , (1907-1988), USA —waterbed
*Jozef Karol Hell , (1713-1789),Slovakia — the water pillar
*Rudolf Hell , (1901-2002),Germany — theHellschreiber
*Joseph Henry , (1797-1878),Scotland /USA — electromagneticrelay
* Heron, (c. 10-70), Roman Egypt —aeolipile
*Heinrich Hertz , (1857-1894),Germany —radio telegraphy ,electromagnetic radiation
*George de Hevesy , (1885-1966),Hungary —radioactive tracer
* Rowland Hill, (1795-1879),UK —postage stamp
*Felix Hoffmann (Bayer), (1868-1949),Germany —Aspirin
*Herman Hollerith , (1860-1929), USA — mechanicaltabulator based onpunched cards
*Nick Holonyak , (1928- ), USA —LED (Light Emitting Diode)
* Joseph Hon – book index thumb notch system for dictionariesPatent #561888
*Robert Hooke , (1635-1703),England —balance wheel ,iris diaphragm
*Erna Schneider Hoover , (1926-), USA — computerized telephone switching system
*Frank Hornby , (1863-1936),England — inventedMeccano
*Coenraad Johannes van Houten , (1801-1887),Netherlands —cocoa powder ,cacao butter ,chocolate milk
*Elias Howe , (1819-1867), USA —sewing machine
* Muhammad Husayn, (fl. 1600s), Persia — cartographicQibla indicator withsundial andcompass
*Christiaan Huygens , (1629-1695),Netherlands —pendulum clock
*John Wesley Hyatt , (1837-1920), USA —celluloid manufacturingI
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Ibn Yunus , (950-1009),Egypt —pendulum
*Sumio Iijima , (1939- ),Japan —nanotubes
*János Irinyi , (1817-1895),Hungary — noiselessmatch J
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Jabir ibn Aflah (Geber), (c. 1100-1150), Islamic Spain — portablecelestial globe
* Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber), (c. 721-815),Yemen /Persia — puredistillation ,calcination ,crystallization ,filtration ,liquefaction , purification,alembic ,still ,retort ,mineral acid s, nitric andsulfuric acid s, uric andhydrochloric acid s,aqua regia ,alum ,alkali ,borax , puresal ammoniac , lead carbonatic,arsenic ,antimony ,bismuth , pure mercury andsulfur ,plated mail , artificialpearl andgemstone ,lusterware
*Karl Jatho , (1873-1933),Germany — aeroplane
*Al-Jazari , (1136-1206),Iraq —crankshaft ,connecting rod , crank-driven andhydropower ed saqiyachain pump , crank-drivenscrew and screwpump,elephant clock , weight-driven clock, weight-drivenpump , reciprocatingpiston suction pump, geared and hydropowered water supply system, programmablehumanoid robot s,robotics ,hand washing automata, flush mechanism,combination lock , lamination, static balancing,paper model ,sand casting ,molding sand ,intermittency , linkage
*Ibn Al-Jazzar (Algizar), (c. 898-980),Tunisia —sexual dysfunction anderectile dysfunction treatment drugs
*György Jendrassik , (1898-1954),Hungary —turboprop
*Carl Edvard Johansson , (1864-1943),Sweden —Gauge blocks
*Johan Petter Johansson , (1853-1943),Sweden — thepipe wrench and the modernadjustable spanner
* Nancy Johnson, USA — American version of the hand cranked ice cream machine in (1843)
*Scott A. Jones , (1960-), USA — created one of the most successful versions ofvoicemail as well asChaCha Search , a human-assistedinternet search engine.
*Whitcomb Judson , (1836-1909), USA — "zipper "K
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Dean Kamen , (1951-), USA — Invented theSegway HT scooter and theIBOT Mobility Device
*Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , (1853-1926),Netherlands — liquify helium
*Jamshīd al-Kāshī , (c. 1380-1429), Persia — plate of conjunctions, analog planetary computer
* Abu 'Abdullah Muhammad ibn Naser ibn Saghir ibn Khalid al-Kaysarani, (c. 1154),Syria —striking clock ,clock tower
*John Harvey Kellogg , (1852-1943), cornflake breakfasts
*John George Kemeny , (1926-1992),Hungary — co-inventor ofBASIC
*Kerim Kerimov , (1917-2003),Azerbaijan —human spaceflight ,space dock ,space station
*Charles F. Kettering , (1876-1958), USA — invented automobile self-starter ignition,Freon ethyl gasoline and more
*Khalid , (fl. 800s),Ethiopia —coffee
*Fazlur Khan , (1929-1982),Bangladesh — structural systems for high-riseskyscraper s
*Al-Khazini , (fl. 1115-1130), Persia —hydrostatic balance ,steelyard
*Abu-Mahmud al-Khujandi , (c. 940-1000), Persia — astronomical sextant
*Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (Algoritmi), (c. 780-850), Persia — modernalgebra ,mural instrument , quadrant, horary quadrant, sine quadrant, Quadrans Vetus, shadow square
*Jack Kilby , (1923-2005), USA — patented the firstintegrated circuit
*Al-Kindi (Alkindus), (801–873),Iraq /Yemen —ethanol , pure distilled alcohol,cryptanalysis ,frequency analysis
*Fritz Klatte , (1880-1934),Germany — vinyl chloride, forerunner topolyvinyl chloride
*Margaret E. Knight , (1838-1914), USA — machine that completely constructs box-bottom brown paper bags
*Ivan Knunyants , (1906-1990),Ukraine — inventedNylon -6
*Robert Koch , (1843-1910), Germany---- method for culturing bacteria on solid media
*Willem Johan Kolff , (1911-),Netherlands — artificial kidneyhemodialysis machine
*Rudolf Kompfner , (1909–1977), USA —Traveling-wave tube
*Gleb Kotelnikov , (1872-1944),Russia —knapsack parachute
*Ivan Kulibin , (1735-1818),Russia -Elevator using screw mechanisms. Also invented an automobile that featured aFlywheel ,Brake ,Gear Box , and Bearing. [http://www.aboutmycar.com/category/car_history/creation_history/automobile-invention-1122.htm]
*Raymond Kurzweil , (1948-),Optical character recognition ;flatbed scanner
*Stephanie Kwolek , (1923-), USA —Kevlar
*John Howard Kyan (1774-1850),Ireland — The process of Kyanization used for wood preservationL
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René Laënnec , (1781-1826),France —stethoscope
* Lala Balhumal Lahuri, (c. 1842), Mughal India — seamlessglobe andcelestial globe ,lost-wax casting
*Georges Lakhovsky , (1869-1942),Russia - Multiple Wave Oscillator.
*Hedy Lamarr , (1913-2000),Austria and USA —Spread spectrum radio
*Edwin H. Land , (1909-1991), USA —Polaroid polarizing filters and theLand Camera
*Samuel P. Langley , (1834-1906), USA —bolometer
*Irving Langmuir , (1851-1957), USA — gas filledincandescent light bulb , hydrogen welding
*Lewis Latimer , (1848-1928), — worked withThomas Edison and patented an improved lightbulb manufacturing process
*Gustav de Laval , (1845-1913),Sweden — invented the milk separator and the milking machine
*John Bennet Lawes , (1814-1900),England —superphosphate orchemical fertilizer
*Sergei Vasiljevich Lebedev , (1874-1934),Russia —synthetic rubber
*Tim Berners-Lee , (1955- )England —World Wide Web
*Antoni van Leeuwenhoek , (1632-1723),Netherlands — development of themicroscope
* Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir, (1822-1900),Belgium —internal combustion engine ,motorboat
*R. G. LeTourneau , (1888-1969),USA - electric wheel, motor scraper, mobile oil drilling platform, bulldozer, cable control unit for scrapers
*Willard Frank Libby , (1908-1980), USA —radiocarbon dating
*Al-Muizz Lideenillah , (932–975),Egypt /Ifriqiya —fountain pen
*Justus von Liebig , (1803-1873),Germany —nitrogen -basedfertilizer
*Otto Lilienthal , (1848-1896),Germany — air glider
*Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist , (1862-1931),Sweden — Kerosene stove operated by compressed air
*Hans Lippershey , (1570-1619),Netherlands —telescope
*William Howard Livens , (1889–1964),England — chemical warfare —Livens Projector .
*Alexander Lodygin , (1847-1923),Russia -Electrical filament ,incandescent light bulb with tungsten filament.
*Oleg Losev , (1903-1942),Russia —Light-emitting diode .
*Archibald Low , (1882-1956), Britain — Pioneer of radio guidance systems
*Auguste and Louis Lumière ,France —Cinématographe
*Giovanni Luppis , (1813-1875),Austrian Empire (ethnical Italian) — self-propelledtorpedo
* Ali Kashmiri ibn Luqman, (fl. 1589-1590), Mughal India — seamlessglobe andcelestial globe ,lost-wax casting M
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Ma Jun , (c. 200-265),China —South Pointing Chariot (seedifferential gear ),mechanical puppet theater ,chain pump s, improvedsilk looms
*Charles Macintosh , (1766-1843),Scotland —waterproof raincoat ,life vest
*Sake Dean Mahomet , (c. 1759), India —shampoo
*Dmitri Dmitrievich Maksutov , (1896-1964),Russia —Maksutov telescope
*Al-Ma'mun , (786-833),Iraq — singing bird automata, terrestrialglobe
*George William Manby , (1765-1854),England —Fire extinguisher
*Guglielmo Marconi , (1874-1937),Italy —radio telegraphy
*John Landis Mason , (1826-1902), USA — Mason jars
*Henry Maudslay , (1771-1831),England — screw-cuttinglathe , benchmicrometer
*Hiram Maxim , (1840-1916), USA born,England — First self-powered machine gun
*James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) and Thomas SuttonScotland —colour photography
* Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili, (9th century),Iraq —syringe ,hypodermic needle , cataract extraction, injection,suction
* John McAdam, (1756-1836),Scotland — improved "macadam" road surface
*Elijah McCoy , (1843-1929),Canada —Displacement lubricator
*Hippolyte Mège-Mouriés , (1817-1880),France —margarine
*Dmitri Mendeleev , (1834-1907),Russia -Periodic table ,pyrocollodion .
*Antonio Meucci , (1808-1889),Italy —telephone (prototype)
*Edouard Michelin , (1859-1940),France —pneumatic tyre
*Pavel Molchanov , (1893-1941),Russia -Radiosonde .
*Jules Montenier , (c. 1910), USA — modern anti-perspirantdeodorant
*Montgolfier brothers, (1740-1810) and (1745-1799),France — hot-air balloon
*John J. Montgomery , (1858-1911), USA — heavier-than-air gliders
*Narcis Monturiol i Estarriol , (1819-1885),Spain — steam poweredsubmarine
*Robert Moog , (1934-2005), USA — theMoog synthesizer
*Samuel Morey , (1762-1843), USA — internal combustion engine
*Garrett A. Morgan , (1877-1963), USA — inventor of thegas mask , andtraffic signal .
* Samuel Morse, (1791-1872), USA — telegraph
* Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi, (fl. 1000s), Islamic Spain — geared mechanicalclock , segmentalgear ,epicyclic gearing
*William Murdoch , (1754-1839),Scotland —Gas lighting
*Jozef Murgas , (1864-1929),Slovakia — inventor of thewireless telegraph (forerunner of the radio)
*Al-Muqaddasi , (c. 946-1000),Palestine —restaurant
*Banū Mūsā brothers, Muhammad (c. 800-873), Ahmad (803-873), Al-Hasan (810-873),Iraq —valve ,float valve , feedback controller,automatic control ,float chamber , mechanical trick devices,hurricane lamp , self-trimming and self-feeding lamp,gas mask , grab, clamshell grab,fail-safe system, mechanicalmusical instrument , automaticflute player, programmable machine
*Pieter van Musschenbroek , (1692-1761),Netherlands —Leyden jar ,pyrometer
*A.J. Musselman inventor of theCoaster brake and the pneumatic aircraft tyre.N
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Ibn al-Nafis , (1213-1288),Syria /Egypt — circulatory physiology,otolaryngology , theological novel,science fiction novel
*John Napier , (1550-1617),Scotland —logarithms
*James Naismith , (1861-1939), Canadian born, USA — inventedbasketball andAmerican football helmet
*Yoshiro Nakamatsu , (b. 1928),Japan —floppy disk , "PyonPyon" springshoe s,digital watch ,CinemaScope ,armchair "Cerebrex", saucepump , taxicab meter
*James Nasmyth , (1808-1890),Scotland —steam hammer
*Nebuchadrezzar II , (c. 630-562 BC),Iraq (Mesopotamia ) —screw , screwpump
*John von Neumann , (1903-1957),Hungary — Von Neumann computer architecture
*Isaac Newton ,(1642-1727),England — reflecting telescope (which reduceschromatic aberration )
* Joseph Nicephore Niépce, (1765-1833),France —photography
*Jun-Ichi Nishizawa , (1926-),Japan —Optical communication system,SIT/SITh (Static Induction Transistor/Thyristor) ,Laser diode ,PIN diode
*Alfred Nobel , (1833-1896),Sweden —dynamite
* Murat Nural, (c. 2007),Turkey —vertically rising ladder
*Carl Rickard Nyberg , (1858-1939),Sweden — theblowtorch O
* Theophil Wilgodt Odhner, (1845–1903),
Sweden — the OdhnerArithmometer , amechanical calculator
*Hans Christian Ørsted , (1777–1851),Denmark —electromagnetism ,aluminium
*Elisha Otis , (1811–1861), USA — passenger elevator with safety device
*William Oughtred , (1575–1660),England —slide rule P
*
Helge Palmcrantz , (1842-1880),Sweden — the multi-barrel, lever-actuated,machine gun
*Daniel David Palmer , (1845-1913),Canada —Chiropractic
*Luigi Palmieri , (1807-1896),Italy —seismometer
*Alexander Parkes , (1831-1890),England —celluloid
*Charles Algernon Parsons , (1854-1931), British —steam turbine
*Spede Pasanen , (1930-2001),Finland — Theski jumping sling
*Blaise Pascal , (1623-1662),France —barometer
*Les Paul , (1915-), USA —Multitrack recording
*Nicolae Paulescu , (1869 - 1931),Romania —Insulin
*Eugen Pavel ,Romania —Hyper CD-ROM
*Gustaf Erik Pasch , (1788-1862),Sweden — the safetymatch
*Arthur Paul Pedrick ,England — chromatically selective cat flap and others
*John Pemberton , (1831-1888), USA —Coca-Cola
*Slavoljub Eduard Penkala , (1871-1922),Croatia —mechanical pencil
*Henry Perky , (1843-1906), USA —Shredded wheat
*Stephen Perry ,England —rubber band
*Peter Petroff , (1919-2004),Bulgaria — digital wrist watch, heart monitor, weather instruments
*Fritz Pfleumer , (1881-1945),Germany —Magnetic Tape
*Arthur Pitney , (1871-1933),United States —Postage meter
*Joseph Plateau , (1801-1883),Belgium —phenakistiscope (stroboscope)
*Baltzar von Platen , (1898-1984),Sweden — refrigerator
*James Leonard Plimpton , USA — roller skates
*Petrache Poenaru , (1799 - 1875),Romania —Fountain pen
*Christopher Polhem , (1661-1751),Sweden — the modernpadlock
*Olivia Poole , (1889-1975), USA, — the Jolly Jumper baby harness
*Alexander Stepanovich Popov , (1859-1906),Russia -Lightning detector .
*George Pullman , (1831-1897), USA — Pullman sleep wagon
*Michael I. Pupin , (1858-1935),Serbia —pupinization (loading coils), tunable oscillator
*Tivadar Puskas , (1844-1893),Hungary —telephone exchange Q
R
* Hasan al-Rammah, (fl. 1270s),
Syria — purifiedpotassium nitrate ,explosive gunpowder ,torpedo
*Harun al-Rashid , (763-809),Iraq /Persia —public hospital ,medical school
*Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi (Rhazes), (865-965), Persia —distillation andextraction methods,sulfuric acid andhydrochloric acid ,soap ,kerosene ,kerosene lamp ,chemotherapy ,red lead ,copper acetate ,lead sulfide ,zinc oxide ,bismuth oxide ,iron acetate ,cinnabar ,arsenic trioxide ,sodium hydroxide ,aludel ,rose water ,heated bath ,funnel ,sieve
*Karl von Reichenbach , (1788-1869),paraffin , creosote oil,phenol
*Ira Remsen , (1846-1927), USA —saccharin
*Josef Ressel , (1793-1857),Czechoslovakia — shippropeller
*Charles Francis Richter , (1900-1985), USA —Richter magnitude scale
*John Roebuck , (1718-1794)England —lead chamber process for sulfuric acid synthesis
*Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen , (1845-1923),Germany — theX-ray machine
*Ernő Rubik , (1944-),Hungary —Rubik's cube ,Rubik's Magic andRubik's Clock
*Ernst Ruska , (1906-1988),Germany —electron microscope S
*
Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu , (1385-1468),Turkey — illustrated surgical atlas
*Ibn Sahl , (c. 940-1000),Iraq — parabolic mirror
* Ibn Samh, (c. 1020),Middle East — mechanical gearedastrolabe
* Ibn Sina (Avicenna), (973-1037), Persia —thermometer ,thermoscope ,steam distillation ,essential oil ,pharmacopoeia ,clinical pharmacology ,clinical trial ,randomized controlled trial ,quarantine ,cancer surgery, cancer therapy,pharmacotherapy ,phytotherapy , Hindiba,Taxus baccata L,calcium channel blocker
*Alberto Santos-Dumont , (1873-1932),Brazil — non-rigid airship and airplane
*Thomas Savery , (1650-1715),England —steam engine
*Adolphe Sax , (1814-1894),Belgium —saxophone
*Bela Schick , (1877-1967),Hungary — diphtheria test
*Christian Schnabel (1878-1936), German — simplistic food cutleries
*Kees A. Schouhamer Immink (1946- ),Netherlands — Major contributor to development ofCompact Disc
*August Schrader , USA —Schrader valve forPneumatic tire
* David Schwarz, (1852-1897),Croatia , — rigid ship, later calledZeppelin
*Marc Seguin , (1786-1875),France — wire-cable suspension bridge
*Sennacherib , (705–681 BC),Iraq (Mesopotamia ) —screw pump
*Iwan Serrurier , (active 1920s),Netherlands /USA — inventor of theMoviola forfilm editing .
*Mark Serrurier , (190?-1988), USA —Serrurier truss forOptical telescopes
*Gerhard Sessler , (1931-),Germany — foil electret microphone, silicon microphone
*Alexander Procofieff de Seversky , 1894-1974,Russia /United States of America — Air-to-air refueling
*Ibn al-Shatir , (1304-1375),Syria — astrolabicclock ,compendium instrument, polar-axissundial ,compass dial
*Shen Kuo , (1031-1095), China — improvedgnomon ,armillary sphere ,clepsydra , and sighting tube
*Murasaki Shikibu , (c. 973-1025), —novel ,psychological novel
*Fathullah Shirazi , (c. 1582), Mughal India —autocannon , multi-barrel gun
*Al-Sijzi , (c. 945-1020), Persia — heliocentricastrolabe
* William Bradford Shockley, (1910-1989), USA — co-inventor oftransistor
*Henry Shrapnel , (1761-1842),England —Shrapnel shell ammunition
*Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor , (b. 1972),Malaysia — cell growth inouter space ,crystallization ofprotein s andmicrobe s in space
*Vladimir Shukhov , (1853-1939),Russia -Shukhov cracking process .
*Augustus Siebe , (1788-1872),Germany /England — Inventor of thestandard diving dress
*Werner von Siemens , (1816-1892),Germany — an electromechanical "dynamic"
* Sir William Siemens, (1823-1883),Germany — regenerative furnace
*Igor Sikorsky , (1889-1972),Russia —helicopter
*Juanito Simon , (1948-),Philippines — metaltreatment lubricants
*Charles Simonyi , (1948-),Hungary —Hungarian notation
*Isaac Singer , (1811-1875), USA —sewing machine
*Elmer Ambrose Sperry , (1860-1930), USA — gyroscope-guided automatic pilot
*George Stephenson , (1781-1848),England —steam locomotive
*Simon Stevin , (1548-1620),Netherlands —land yacht
*Aurel Stodola , (1859-1942),Slovakia —gas turbines
* Reverend Dr Robert Stirling (1790-1878),Scotland —Stirling engine
*Levi Strauss , (1829-1902), USA — bluejeans
*John Stringfellow , (1799-1883),England — airplane
*Almon Strowger , (1839-1902), USA —automatic telephone exchange
*Su Song , (1020-1101),China — firstchain drive
*Simon Sunatori , (1959-),Canada — inventor of Sunatori Pen
*Joseph Swan , (1828-1914),England —Incandescent light bulb
*Percy Spencer , (1894-1970), USA —microwave oven
*Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi (Azophi), (903-986), Persia — timekeepingastrolabe , navigational astrolabe,surveying astrolabe
*Leó Szilárd , (1898-1964),Hungary /USA — Co-developed theatomic bomb , patented thenuclear reactor , catalyst of theManhattan Project T
* Salih Tahtawi, (fl. 1659-1660), Mughal India — seamless
globe andcelestial globe ,lost-wax casting
*Mardi bin Ali al-Tarsusi , (c. 1187),Middle East — counterweighttrebuchet ,mangonel
*Bernard Tellegen , (1900-1990),Netherlands —pentode
*Edward Teller , (1908-2003),Hungary —hydrogen bomb
*Nikola Tesla , (1856-1943), Serbian-Croatia n-American —Tesla Coil ,induction motor ,alternating current Polyphase system , wireless communication, modernrobotics ,logic gate s, bladeless turbine,radio , VTOL aircraft, etc.
*Eric Tigerstedt , (1887-1925),Finland — triodevacuum tube
*Kalman Tihanyi , (1897-1947),Hungary — co-inventor ofcathode ray tube andiconoscope
*Benjamin Chew Tilghman , (1821-1897), USA —sandblasting
*Tipu Sultan , (1750-1799),India —iron -cased and metal-cylinderrocket
*Alfred Traeger , (1895-1980),Australia — the pedal radio
*Franc Trkman , (1903-1978),Slovenia — electrical switches, accessories for opening windows
*Konstantin Tsiolkovsky , (1857-1935),Russia —spaceflight
*Mikhail Tsvet , (1872-1919),Russia —adsorption chromatography
*Ibn Tufail , (c. 1105-1185), Islamic Spain —philosophical novel
*Nasīr al-Dīn al-Tūsī , (1201-1274), Persia —observatory ,research institute
*Sharaf al-Dīn al-Tūsī , (1135-1213), Persia — linearastrolabe U
*
Lewis Urry , (1927-2004),Canada — long-lastingalkaline battery V
*
Theophilus Van Kannel , (1841-1919),United States —revolving door (1888)
*Louis R. Vitullo , (1924?-2006),United States — developed the first sexual assault evidence kit
*Alessandro Volta , (1745-1827),Italy — battery
*Faust Vrančić , (1551-1617),Croatia —parachute W
*
Barnes Wallis , (1887-1979),England —bouncing bomb
*Robert Watson-Watt , (1892-1973),Scotland — microwaveradar
*James Watt , (1736-1819),Scotland — improvedSteam engine
*Thomas Wedgwood , (1771-1805),England — first (not permanent)photograph
*Jonas Wenström , (1855-1893),Sweden — three-phase electrical system
*George Westinghouse , (1846-1914), USA —Air brake (rail)
*Charles Wheatstone , (1802-1875),England —concertina ,stereoscope ,microphone ,Playfair cipher
*Eli Whitney , (1765-1825), USA — thecotton gin
*Frank Whittle , (1907-1996),England — co-inventor of thejet engine
*Otto Wichterle , (1913-1989),Czechoslovakia — invented moderncontact lenses
*Paul Winchell , (1922-2005), USA — theartificial heart
*A. Baldwin Wood , (1879-1956), USA — high volume pump
*Granville Woods , (1856-1910), USA — the Synchronous Multiplex Railway Telegraph
*Wright brothers , Orville (1871-1948) and Wilbur (1867-1912) — USA — powered airplane
*Arthur Wynne , (1862-1945),England — creator ofcrossword puzzle Y
*
Pavel Yablochkov , (1847-1894),Russia -Yablochkov candle .
*Hidetsugu Yagi , (1886-1976),Japan — Yagi antenna
* Khalid ibn Yazid, (635-704),Syria /Egypt —potassium nitrate
*Yi Xing , (683-727),China , invented theescapement mechanism
*Arthur M. Young , (1905-1995), USA — theBell Helicopter
*Muhammad Yunus , (b. 1940),Bangladesh —microcredit ,microfinance
* Abu Yaqub Yusuf, (c. 1274),Morocco /Spain — siegecannon Z
*
Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis), (936 - 1013), Islamic Spain —cosmetic dentistry ,tooth bleaching ,hair care ,hair dye , solidlipstick , Hand cream andlotion ,suntan lotion , roll-ondeodorant ,epilepsy andseizure medications,nasal spray ,topical cream,adhesive bandage andplaster , bonesaw ,catgut , cotton dressing andbandage ,curette ,retractor , sound, surgicalspoon , surgicalhook androd , ligature
*Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel), (1028–1087), Islamic Spain —almanac ,equatorium , universalastrolabe
*Nikolay Zelinsky , (1861-1953),Russia — the first effective filtering coalgas mask in the world
*Iwahashi Zenbei , (1756-1811),Japan — 'Heitengi' instrument,telescope
*Zhang Heng , (78-139),China — invented the first hydraulic-poweredarmillary sphere
*Zheng He , (1371–1433),China —treasure ship
*Ziryab , (789—857),Iraq /Syria /Tunisia /Spain — bangs, beauty parlour,cosmetology school,chemical depilatory ,toothpaste , under-armdeodorant , three-course meal
*Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), (1091–1161), Islamic Spain —general anaesthesia ,general anaesthetic , oralanesthesia ,inhalational anaesthetic ,narcotic -soaked sponge,tracheotomy ,parasitology ,pharmacopoeia
*Konrad Zuse , (22. June 1910 - 18. December 1995),Germany — invented the first Computer (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4)
*Vladimir Zworykin , (1889-1982),Russia /USA —Iconoscope ,kinescope .References
See also
*
Creativity techniques
*The heroic theory of invention and scientific development
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