Dettmar Cramer

Dettmar Cramer
Dettmar Cramer
Personal information
Date of birth 4 April 1925 (1925-04-04) (age 86)
Place of birth Dortmund, Germany
Playing position Manager
Teams managed
Years Team
1964 Japan (assistant coach)
1971–1974 Egypt
1974 USA
1974 Hertha BSC
1975–1977 Bayern Munich
1977–1978 Eintracht Frankfurt
1978–1981 Al-Ittihad (Jeddah)
1981–1982 Aris Salonika
1982–1985 Bayer Leverkusen
1984–1985 Malaysia
1991–1992 Korea Republic U-23
1997 Thailand

Dettmar Cramer (born 4 April 1925 in Dortmund) is a German former football player and coach who led Bayern Munich to the 1975 and 1976 European Cups. Cramer is commonly considered to be the father of modern football in Japan and is a member of the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 3rd Class. He also briefly coached the United States men's national soccer team.

Contents

Career

Known as the “Football Professor” because of his attention to detail and also as “Napoleon” because of his diminutive 1.61 meter stature, Cramer began his career at Viktoria Dortmund and Germania Wiesbaden. The beginning of his managerial career lead him to clubs such as Teutonia Lippstadt, VfL Geseke, FC Paderborn, and TuS Eving-Lindenhorst. At the turn of the year 1948-49, Cramer found himself in the service of the German Football Association (DFB) for the first time. Until 1963 he served with the designation as Head Coach for Western Germany under the DFB in Duisburg.

Little known, Cramer attempted to make the jump into a career in journalism at this point. He became lead editor for sports for German television station ZDF. Feeling largely isolated from the football world, Cramer decided to call it quits after only six months on the job. Afterward he was sent by the DFB to Japan to serve as a football instructor.

In order to strengthen its national team ahead of the Tokyo Olympic Games four years later, the Japan Football Association had the idea in 1960 of bringing in a foreign professional coach. Cramer was ultimately selected for this role. Through Cramer's coaching and leadership, and the efforts of his players, the Japanese national team achieved a surprise upset of Argentina at the Tokyo Olympics. The significane of this historic result was not lost on Cramer who saw it as a confirmation that Japanese football was vastly improving. Cramer's efforts were not limited to the national team, as he also formulated and implemented policies for general development. The foundation of a first national league, the training of other coaches, and the strengthening of the national team would all contribute to Japan's success at the Mexico City Olympics four years later, where Japan would take home the bronze medal.

On January 1, 1964, Cramer returned to Germany to take up a position as an assistant to German national coach Helmut Schön. In this capacity he was a part of the coaching staff at the World Cup in 1966, where West Germany lost in the final on a controversial call by a Russian linesman. His talents were highly regarded by FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association), which contracted him as a coach from 1967 to 1974 and sent him on a tour of the globe, but during this time, Cramer would also run the 1st FIFA Coaching Course in Japan in 1969, and sowed the seeds for a coach training structure in Japan. Additionally, on August 1, 1974, Cramer was selected by the United States Soccer Federation to become the head coach of the United States men’s national football team.

During his time in national team service, Cramer received numerous coaching offers from German clubs in the Bundesliga, although he consistently turned them down. Then, on January 16, 1975, he took over the reins as manager of German giants FC Bayern Munich. At the beginning, Cramer faced heavy criticism in Munich, mostly because of his passive management style. With rumors of a sacking swirling around Cramer, he was strongly backed by team captain Franz Beckenbauer, who felt indebted to him because of his insistence that Beckenbauer be allowed to return to the German national team after initially being banned for impregnating a girl out of wedlock.

Cramer would lead Bayern to victory in the 1975 and 1976 European Champions Cup in addition to capturing the World Club Cup in ’76. However, the ’76 Bundesliga season saw Bayern unable to recapture their form, and after a season that saw them fail to defend their domestic title, Cramer was forced to resign his position. Cramer was involved in a trade between Bayern and Eintracht Frankfurt, which saw him take the top spot at Frankfurt, while Frankfurt coach Gyula Lorant made his way to Bayern. Neither club was happy with the trade, as Bayern finished a club worst 12th in the table, while Frankfurt’s results were mediocre at best. As a result, the club parted ways with him on June 30, 1978.

Not until the 1982-83 season did Cramer find himself employed in the Bundesliga again, this time with club Bayer Leverkusen. At Leverkusen he managed to lead the club to their first top 9 finish in the league during his second year in charge. Failure to build on that accomplishment lead to his dismissal after his third season in charge.

Never to coach in the Bundesliga again, Cramer instead found coaching positions with various international clubs and associations around the world. In 2002, Cramer officially announced his retirement from football. In 2005, he was inducted into the Japan Football Hall of Fame.

Personal life

Cramer served in World War II as a Senior Lieutenant with a German paratrooper division. He is currently married for the second time and lives with his family in Reit im Winkl, Bavaria.

For his international achievements, Cramer was awarded two honorary doctorates in addition to being presented with the Bundesverdienstkreuz (Federal Cross of Merit) in Germany. In 1971, Emperor Hirohito also personally presented him with membership in the Order of the Sacred Treasure for his service to Japan. Furthermore, Cramer is an honorary chieftain in the Native American Sioux and Mohican tribes.

Preceded by
Udo Lattek		 European Cup Winning Coach
1974-75 & 1975-76		 Succeeded by
Bob Paisley

References

  • (German) Verrat vermieden. in: Der Spiegel, Heft 46/1968, 22. Jahrgang, S.122.
  • (German) Hermann, Boris: Trainerfuchs Dettmar Cramer - Ein Napoleon auf Weltreise. in: www.spiegel.de, Fassung vom 8. Juli 2005

External links

Preceded by
Gordon Bradley		 United States men's national soccer team head coach
1974		 Succeeded by
Al Miller
v · d · eEgypt national football team – managers

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v · d · eHertha BSC – managers

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C (caretaker manager)
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v · d · eUnited States men's national soccer team – Head coaches

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v · d · eBayer 04 Leverkusen – managers

Polster (1950) · Schwab (1950–51) · Strehle (1951–53) · Kretschmann (1953–56) · Melcher (1956–57) · Conen (1957–59) · Kirchberg (1959–60) · Garske (1960–62) · Pliska (1962–65) · Kirchberg (1965–71) · Bisanz (1971–73) · Renno (1973–74) · Rummel (1974–76) · Momirski (1976) · Kremer (1976–81) · Kentschke (1981–82) · Cramer (1982–85) · Ribbeck (1985–88) · Michels (1988–89) · Gelsdorf (1989–91) · Hermann (1991) · Saftig (1991–93) · Stepanović (1993–95) · Ribbeck (1995–96) · Hermann (1996) · Daum (1996–2000) · Völler (2000) · Vogts (2000–01) · Toppmöller (2001–03) · Hörster (2003) · Augenthaler (2003–05) · Völler (2005) · Skibbe (2005–08) · Labbadia (2008–09) · Heynckes (2009–11) · Dutt (2011–)
v · d · eThailand national football team – managers

Thesvisarn (1965–??) · Glomb (1968–??) · Schnittger (1976–78) · Bickelhaupt (1979) · Chaisam (1981–??) · Na Nongkhai (1983–??) · Ziese (1985–86) · Carvalho (1989–91) · Stubbe (1992–93) · Sumpachanyasathit (1994) · Paholpat (1995) · Srongngamsub (1996) · Sartjakul (1996–97) · Cramer (1997) · Hloagune (1997–98) · Withe (1998–2002) · Carvalho (2003–04) · Paholpat (2004) · Held (2004) · Polcheewin (2005–08) · Reid (2008–09) · Darby (2009 c) · Robson (2009–2011) · Schäfer (2011–)

(c) caretaker



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