Crossville, Alabama

Crossville, Alabama
—  Town  —
Location in DeKalb County and the state of Alabama
Coordinates: 34°17′12″N 85°59′26″W / 34.28667°N 85.99056°W / 34.28667; -85.99056
Country	United States
State	Alabama
County	DeKalb
Area
– Total	6 sq mi (15.6 km2)
– Land	6 sq mi (15.6 km2)
– Water	0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation	1,155 ft (352 m)
Population (2000)
– Total	1,431
– Density	238.5/sq mi (91.7/km2)
Time zone	Central (CST) (UTC-6)
– Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP code	35962
Area code(s)	256
FIPS code	01-18856
GNIS feature ID	0150178
Website	http://www.crossvillealabama.com/

Crossville is a town in DeKalb County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 1,431. Crossville is located on top of Sand Mountain.

Geography

Crossville is located at 34°17′12″N 85°59′27″W / 34.28667°N 85.99083°W / 34.28667; -85.99083 (34.286752, -85.990814)^[1].

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 6.0 square miles (16 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

As of the 2010 census Crossville had a population of 1,862. The racial and ethnic composition of the population was 87.2% non-Hispanic white, 0.4% black, 1.9% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 6.3% from some other race, 2.4% from two or more races and 8.3% Hispanic or Latino of any race.^[2]

As of the census^[3] of 2000, there were 1,431 people, 539 households, and 365 families residing in the town. The population density was 237.8 people per square mile (91.8/km²). There were 593 housing units at an average density of 98.5 per square mile (38.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.69% White, 0.07% Black or African American, 0.49% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.56% from other races, and 0.98% from two or more races. 2.24% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 539 households out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.2% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town the population was spread out with 23.5% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 21.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 81.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,394, and the median income for a family was $44,667. Males had a median income of $27,708 versus $20,461 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,326. About 11.0% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.5% of those under age 18 and 29.3% of those age 65 or over.

History

Crossville is a farming community in Northeast Alabama, nestled in the area where Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama come together. It is situated on a sandstone plateau range known colloquially as Sand Mountain, but, the native peoples had called Raccoon Mountain (this is noted several places, including on page 478 of the History of Alabama and Dictionary of Alabama Biography, Vol. 1, by Thomas McAdory Owen, Marie Bankhead Owen_. It holds some historical significance for having figured tangentially in the Creek War.^{[citation needed]}. The area's soil, game, climate, and proximity to rivers and streams proved attractive to settlers, the majority of whom were drawn there from neighboring states following the expulsion of the indigenous Creeks.^{[citation needed]}.

Sand Mountain lay in an area that included disputed borders between the Creeks and the Cherokee. While Alabama became a state in 1819, until the 1830s, much of Northern Alabama was still officially Cherokee territory. However, White settlement in the area increased steadily, coming to a head with the gold rush in the nearby mountains of Northwest Georgia. While gold supplies began to dwindle, soon eclipsed by the California Gold Rush, the settlement by White farmers continued and played prominently in the expulsion of Cherokee, Creek and Choctaw nations from the area. That expulsion is called the Trail of Tears, considered an act of genocide because of the thousands who died on the journey, and the forced removal of native peoples from their home territories. (There are numerous references which corroborate this. Also, in nearby Fort Payne, which lies across the valley and at the foot of next-door Lookout Mountain, there is a historical sign marking the town as one of the starting points for the Trail of Tears, and also the area where Sequoyah lived, who developed the Cherokee alphabet.)

During the times of slavery, Crossville, Sand Mountain and Dekalb County, where Crossville is located, were not major slave areas. This can be verified by a study of census roles which reveal a mostly poor area, where people worked and survived by the labor of their own hands, rather than the forced labor of captive Africans and their descendents. Leading up to the Civil War, DeKalb County was typical of Southern Mountain counties in that it voted against secession from the United States. This can be corroborated by a study of the roster of the votes on this issue, county by county. In fact, there was serious discussion among Northern Alabama and East Tennessee counties about forming a proposed state of Nickajack, rather than going along with secession (^ Fleming, Walter L., Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama. New York: Columbia University Press, 1905, pp 109–111.).

During the Civil War, Dekalb county families, particularly families from mountain terrains such as Sand and Lookout Mountain tended, at first, to avoid fighting, since it was considered a "rich man's war", and not of particular interest to mountain people. However, as the war progressed, many Dekalb County families fought for Union cavalries, notably, the First Tennessee and Alabama Independent Vidette Cavalry and the First Alabama Cavalry United States Volunteers. One example of this can be seen by looking at the rosters of Southern unionists who fought for the First Tennessee and Alabama Independent Vidette Cavalry, which can be found at http://www.reocities.com/chedar0001/videtterosters.html or that are provided on this webpage regarding the First Alabama: http://www.1stalabamacavalryusv.com/ . A perusal of the rosters will reveal family names that to this day are prominent in the area. Also, the following reference shows that the Cavalry heavily drew from Sand Mountain families: ^ Potter, Johnny, First Tennessee & Alabama Independent Vidette Cavalry Roster, 1863–1864, Mountain Press, 1995. The First Alabama Cavalry was particularly notable in that it was one of the few units that was actually integrated (http://www.1stalabamacavalryusv.com/roster/colored.asp ).

Crossville's name, given to it by James A. Copeland (1880-1964^[4] -- not to be confused with outlaw James Copeland), was meant to reflect its many crossroads.^[5]

In the mid-19th century, mail was brought through Crossville from Rome, Georgia and Guntersville, Alabama via stagecoach. Soon the town had its first U.S. Post Office, with A.C. Copeland serving as the first postmaster. In 1888, George Wyatt Justice established the first business in Crossville, and in 1903, W.B. Jones installed machinery for his cotton mills.^{[citation needed]}

The first church established in the Crossville area was a Methodist Episcopal Church called Pine Bark Church, formed just prior to the American Civil War.^{[citation needed]} The community's first Baptist church was established in 1892 at Union Grove. In 1925, several people started meeting at the high school and formed the First Baptist Church of Crossville. A new sanctuary was built in 1926.

Crossville established its first school, a one-room structure with a single teacher and approximately 50 students, in the late 19th century at Bryant's Chapel Church. The first banking institution was established in 1914 by N.W. Black and Boyce Rains. Soon after, Crossville was granted provisional incorporation, and Charlie J. Crump was appointed first mayor. Little progress was made during his tenure, and the incorporation's dissolution followed quickly thereafter.^[6] The town was incorporated a second time on December 21, 1942.^{[citation needed]} Dr. Luther F. Erwin was chosen mayor, and the town government established ordinances and privilege licenses were levied. Collection enforcement was lax, however, resulting in insufficient resources to maintain basic town services.^{[citation needed]} Following this, C.W. (Bill) Russell was elected mayor. He hired Colonel Mack Kilcrease as a legal adviser to mayor and council. This group worked together to establish a solid town government with taxation, collection and basic town services that would become the foundation for the Town of Crossville.

Education

Crossville Elementary and Crossville High, home of the Lions, are located in Crossville. Both are members of the DeKalb County School System. Crossville, as of the school year 2010-2011, is a 4A school and has the largest classification in Dekalb County. The school colors are black and gold

References

1. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 
2. ^ 2010 general profile of population and housing characterisitics for Crossville from the US census
3. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
4. ^ http://www.interment.net/data/us/al/dekalb/crossville/index.htm
5. ^ http://www.crossvillealabama.com/town.html
6. ^ http://www.landmarksdekalbal.org/communities/Crossville.html

External links

• Official Site

Coordinates: 34°17′12″N 85°59′27″W / 34.286752°N 85.990814°W / 34.286752; -85.990814